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Home  »  The World Factbook, 2008  »  Ethnic groups

The World Factbook. 2008.

Ethnic groups

CountryEthnic groups
AfghanistanPashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, Aimak 4%, Turkmen 3%, Baloch 2%, other 4%
AlbaniaAlbanian 95%, Greek 3%, other 2% (Vlach, Roma (Gypsy), Serb, Macedonian, Bulgarian) (1989 est.)
note: in 1989, other estimates of the Greek population ranged from 1% (official Albanian statistics) to 12% (from a Greek organization)
AlgeriaArab-Berber 99%, European less than 1%
note: almost all Algerians are Berber in origin, not Arab; the minority who identify themselves as Berber live mostly in the mountainous region of Kabylie east of Algiers; the Berbers are also Muslim but identify with their Berber rather than Arab cultural heritage; Berbers have long agitated, sometimes violently, for autonomy; the government is unlikely to grant autonomy but has offered to begin sponsoring teaching Berber language in schools
American Samoanative Pacific islander 92.9%, Asian 2.9%, white 1.2%, mixed 2.8%, other 0.2% (2000 census)
AndorraSpanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)
AngolaOvimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22%
Anguillablack (predominant) 90.1%, mixed, mulatto 4.6%, white 3.7%, other 1.5% (2001 Census)
Antigua and Barbudablack 91%, mixed 4.4%, white 1.7%, other 2.9% (2001 census)
Argentinawhite (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry), Amerindian, or other non-white groups 3%
ArmeniaArmenian 97.9%, Yezidi (Kurd) 1.3%, Russian 0.5%, other 0.3% (2001 census)
Arubamixed white/Caribbean Amerindian 80%, other 20%
Australiawhite 92%, Asian 7%, aboriginal and other 1%
AustriaAustrians 91.1%, former Yugoslavs 4% (includes Croatians, Slovenes, Serbs, and Bosniaks), Turks 1.6%, German 0.9%, other or unspecified 2.4% (2001 census)
AzerbaijanAzeri 90.6%, Dagestani 2.2%, Russian 1.8%, Armenian 1.5%, other 3.9% (1999 census)
note: almost all Armenians live in the separatist Nagorno-Karabakh region
Bahamas, Theblack 85%, white 12%, Asian and Hispanic 3%
BahrainBahraini 62.4%, non-Bahraini 37.6% (2001 census)
BangladeshBengali 98%, other 2% (includes tribal groups, non-Bengali Muslims) (1998)
Barbadosblack 90%, white 4%, Asian and mixed 6%
BelarusBelarusian 81.2%, Russian 11.4%, Polish 3.9%, Ukrainian 2.4%, other 1.1% (1999 census)
BelgiumFleming 58%, Walloon 31%, mixed or other 11%
Belizemestizo 48.7%, Creole 24.9%, Maya 10.6%, Garifuna 6.1%, other 9.7%
BeninFon and related 39.2%, Adja and related 15.2%, Yoruba and related 12.3%, Bariba and related 9.2%, Peulh and related 7%, Ottamari and related 6.1%, Yoa-Lokpa and related 4%, Dendi and related 2.5%, other 1.6% (includes Europeans), unspecified 2.9% (2002 census)
Bermudablack 54.8%, white 34.1%, mixed 6.4%, other races 4.3%, unspecified 0.4% (2000 census)
BhutanBhote 50%, ethnic Nepalese 35% (includes Lhotsampas – one of several Nepalese ethnic groups), indigenous or migrant tribes 15%
BoliviaQuechua 30%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry) 30%, Aymara 25%, white 15%
Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosniak 48%, Serb 37.1%, Croat 14.3%, other 0.6% (2000)
note: Bosniak has replaced Muslim as an ethnic term in part to avoid confusion with the religious term Muslim – an adherent of Islam
BotswanaTswana (or Setswana) 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, other, including Kgalagadi and white 7%
Brazilwhite 53.7%, mulatto (mixed white and black) 38.5%, black 6.2%, other (includes Japanese, Arab, Amerindian) 0.9%, unspecified 0.7% (2000 census)
British Virgin Islandsblack 83%, other 17% (includes white, Indian, Asian and mixed)
BruneiMalay 67%, Chinese 15%, indigenous 6%, other 12%
BulgariaBulgarian 83.9%, Turk 9.4%, Roma 4.7%, other 2% (including Macedonian, Armenian, Tatar, Circassian) (2001 census)
Burkina FasoMossi over 40%, other approximately 60% (includes Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, and Fulani)
BurmaBurman 68%, Shan 9%, Karen 7%, Rakhine 4%, Chinese 3%, Indian 2%, Mon 2%, other 5%
BurundiHutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000
CambodiaKhmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%
CameroonCameroon Highlanders 31%, Equatorial Bantu 19%, Kirdi 11%, Fulani 10%, Northwestern Bantu 8%, Eastern Nigritic 7%, other African 13%, non-African less than 1%
CanadaBritish Isles origin 28%, French origin 23%, other European 15%, Amerindian 2%, other, mostly Asian, African, Arab 6%, mixed background 26%
Cape VerdeCreole (mulatto) 71%, African 28%, European 1%
Cayman Islandsmixed 40%, white 20%, black 20%, expatriates of various ethnic groups 20%
Central African RepublicBaya 33%, Banda 27%, Mandjia 13%, Sara 10%, Mboum 7%, M’Baka 4%, Yakoma 4%, other 2%
ChadSara 27.7%, Arab 12.3%, Mayo-Kebbi 11.5%, Kanem-Bornou 9%, Ouaddai 8.7%, Hadjarai 6.7%, Tandjile 6.5%, Gorane 6.3%, Fitri-Batha 4.7%, other 6.4%, unknown 0.3% (1993 census)
Chilewhite and white-Amerindian 95%, Amerindian 3%, other 2%
ChinaHan Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1%
Christmas IslandChinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001)
Cocos (Keeling) IslandsEuropeans, Cocos Malays
Colombiamestizo 58%, white 20%, mulatto 14%, black 4%, mixed black-Amerindian 3%, Amerindian 1%
ComorosAntalote, Cafre, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava
Congo, Democratic Republic of theover 200 African ethnic groups of which the majority are Bantu; the four largest tribes – Mongo, Luba, Kongo (all Bantu), and the Mangbetu-Azande (Hamitic) make up about 45% of the population
Congo, Republic of theKongo 48%, Sangha 20%, M’Bochi 12%, Teke 17%, Europeans and other 3%
Cook IslandsCook Island Maori (Polynesian) 87.7%, part Cook Island Maori 5.8%, other 6.5% (2001 census)
Costa Ricawhite (including mestizo) 94%, black 3%, Amerindian 1%, Chinese 1%, other 1%
Cote d’IvoireAkan 42.1%, Voltaiques or Gur 17.6%, Northern Mandes 16.5%, Krous 11%, Southern Mandes 10%, other 2.8% (includes 130,000 Lebanese and 14,000 French) (1998)
CroatiaCroat 89.6%, Serb 4.5%, other 5.9% (including Bosniak, Hungarian, Slovene, Czech, and Roma) (2001 census)
Cubamulatto 51%, white 37%, black 11%, Chinese 1%
CyprusGreek 77%, Turkish 18%, other 5% (2001)
Czech RepublicCzech 90.4%, Moravian 3.7%, Slovak 1.9%, other 4% (2001 census)
DenmarkScandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian, Somali
DjiboutiSomali 60%, Afar 35%, other 5% (includes French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian)
Dominicablack 86.8%, mixed 8.9%, Carib Amerindian 2.9%, white 0.8%, other 0.7% (2001 census)
Dominican Republicmixed 73%, white 16%, black 11%
Ecuadormestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 65%, Amerindian 25%, Spanish and others 7%, black 3%
EgyptEgyptian 98%, Berber, Nubian, Bedouin, and Beja 1%, Greek, Armenian, other European (primarily Italian and French) 1%
El Salvadormestizo 90%, white 9%, Amerindian 1%
Equatorial GuineaFang 85.7%, Bubi 6.5%, Mdowe 3.6%, Annobon 1.6%, Bujeba 1.1%, other 1.4% (1994 census)
EritreaTigrinya 50%, Tigre and Kunama 40%, Afar 4%, Saho (Red Sea coast dwellers) 3%, other 3%
EstoniaEstonian 67.9%, Russian 25.6%, Ukrainian 2.1%, Belarusian 1.3%, Finn 0.9%, other 2.2% (2000 census)
EthiopiaOromo 32.1%, Amara 30.1%, Tigraway 6.2%, Somalie 5.9%, Guragie 4.3%, Sidama 3.5%, Welaita 2.4%, other 15.4% (1994 census)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)British
Faroe IslandsScandinavian
FijiFijian 54.8% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indian 37.4%, other 7.9% (European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese) (2005 estimate)
FinlandFinn 93.4%, Swede 5.7%, Russian 0.4%, Estonian 0.2%, Roma (Gypsy) 0.2%, Sami 0.1%
FranceCeltic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Indochinese, Basque minorities
overseas departments: black, white, mulatto, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian
French PolynesiaPolynesian 78%, Chinese 12%, local French 6%, metropolitan French 4%
GabonBantu tribes, including four major tribal groupings (Fang, Bapounou, Nzebi, Obamba); other Africans and Europeans, 154,000, including 10,700 French and 11,000 persons of dual nationality
Gambia, TheAfrican 99% (Mandinka 42%, Fula 18%, Wolof 16%, Jola 10%, Serahuli 9%, other 4%), non-African 1%
Gaza StripPalestinian Arab
GeorgiaGeorgian 83.8%, Azeri 6.5%, Armenian 5.7%, Russian 1.5%, other 2.5% (2002 census)
GermanyGerman 91.5%, Turkish 2.4%, other 6.1% (made up largely of Greek, Italian, Polish, Russian, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish)
GhanaAkan 45.3%, Mole-Dagbon 15.2%, Ewe 11.7%, Ga-Dangme 7.3%, Guan 4%, Gurma 3.6%, Grusi 2.6%, Mande-Busanga 1%, other tribes 1.4%, other 7.8% (2000 census)
GibraltarSpanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese, German, North Africans
Greecepopulation: Greek 93%, other (foreign citizens) 7% (2001 census)
note: percents represent citizenship, since Greece does not collect data on ethnicity
GreenlandGreenlander 88% (Inuit and Greenland-born whites), Danish and others 12% (2000)
Grenadablack 82%, mixed black and European 13%, European and East Indian 5%, and trace of Arawak/Carib Amerindian
GuamChamorro 37.1%, Filipino 26.3%, other Pacific islander 11.3%, white 6.9%, other Asian 6.3%, other ethnic origin or race 2.3%, mixed 9.8% (2000 census)
GuatemalaMestizo (mixed Amerindian-Spanish – in local Spanish called Ladino) and European 59.4%, K’iche 9.1%, Kaqchikel 8.4%, Mam 7.9%, Q’eqchi 6.3%, other Mayan 8.6%, indigenous non-Mayan 0.2%, other 0.1% (2001 census)
GuernseyUK and Norman-French descent with small percentages from other European countries
GuineaPeuhl 40%, Malinke 30%, Soussou 20%, smaller ethnic groups 10%
Guinea-BissauAfrican 99% (includes Balanta 30%, Fula 20%, Manjaca 14%, Mandinga 13%, Papel 7%), European and mulatto less than 1%
GuyanaEast Indian 50%, black 36%, Amerindian 7%, white, Chinese, and mixed 7%
Haitiblack 95%, mulatto and white 5%
Holy See (Vatican City)Italians, Swiss, other
Hondurasmestizo (mixed Amerindian and European) 90%, Amerindian 7%, black 2%, white 1%
Hong KongChinese 94.9%, Filipino 2.1%, other 3% (2001 census)
HungaryHungarian 92.3%, Roma 1.9%, other or unknown 5.8% (2001 census)
Icelandhomogeneous mixture of descendants of Norse and Celts 94%, population of foreign origin 6%
IndiaIndo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)
IndonesiaJavanese 40.6%, Sundanese 15%, Madurese 3.3%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Betawi 2.4%, Bugis 2.4%, Banten 2%, Banjar 1.7%, other or unspecified 29.9% (2000 census)
IranPersian 51%, Azeri 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%, Kurd 7%, Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baloch 2%, Turkmen 2%, other 1%
IraqArab 75%-80%, Kurdish 15%-20%, Turkoman, Assyrian, or other 5%
IrelandCeltic, English
Isle of ManManx (Norse-Celtic descent), Britons
IsraelJewish 76.4% (of which Israel-born 67.1%, Europe/America-born 22.6%, Africa-born 5.9%, Asia-born 4.2%), non-Jewish 23.6% (mostly Arab) (2004)
ItalyItalian (includes small clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south)
Jamaicablack 91.2%, mixed 6.2%, other or unknown 2.6% (2001 census)
JapanJapanese 98.5%, Koreans 0.5%, Chinese 0.4%, other 0.7%
note: up to 230,000 Brazilians of Japanese origin migrated to Japan in the 1990s to work in industries; some have returned to Brazil (2004)
JerseyJersey 51.1%, Britons 34.8%, Irish, French, and other white 6.6%, Portuguese/Madeiran 6.4%, other 1.1% (2001 census)
JordanArab 98%, Circassian 1%, Armenian 1%
KazakhstanKazakh (Qazaq) 53.4%, Russian 30%, Ukrainian 3.7%, Uzbek 2.5%, German 2.4%, Tatar 1.7%, Uygur 1.4%, other 4.9% (1999 census)
KenyaKikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-African (Asian, European, and Arab) 1%
KiribatiMicronesian 98.8%, other 1.2% (2000 census)
Korea, Northracially homogeneous; there is a small Chinese community and a few ethnic Japanese
Korea, Southhomogeneous (except for about 20,000 Chinese)
KosovoAlbanians 88%, Serbs 7%, Other 5% (Bosniak, Roma, Turk)
KosovoAlbanians 88%, Serbs 7%, other 5% (Bosniak, Gorani, Roma, Turk)
KuwaitKuwaiti 45%, other Arab 35%, South Asian 9%, Iranian 4%, other 7%
KyrgyzstanKyrgyz 64.9%, Uzbek 13.8%, Russian 12.5%, Dungan 1.1%, Ukrainian 1%, Uygur 1%, other 5.7% (1999 census)
LaosLao Loum (lowland) 68%, Lao Theung (upland) 22%, Lao Soung (highland) including the Hmong and the Yao 9%, ethnic Vietnamese/Chinese 1%
LatviaLatvian 57.7%, Russian 29.6%, Belarusian 4.1%, Ukrainian 2.7%, Polish 2.5%, Lithuanian 1.4%, other 2% (2002)
LebanonArab 95%, Armenian 4%, other 1%
note: many Christian Lebanese do not identify themselves as Arab but rather as descendents of the ancient Canaanites and prefer to be called Phoenicians
LesothoSotho 99.7%, Europeans, Asians, and other 0.3%,
Liberiaindigenous African 95% (including Kpelle, Bassa, Gio, Kru, Grebo, Mano, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, Dei, Bella, Mandingo, and Mende), Americo-Liberians 2.5% (descendants of immigrants from the US who had been slaves), Congo People 2.5% (descendants of immigrants from the Caribbean who had been slaves)
LibyaBerber and Arab 97%, other 3% (includes Greeks, Maltese, Italians, Egyptians, Pakistanis, Turks, Indians, and Tunisians)
LiechtensteinAlemannic 86%, Italian, Turkish, and other 14%
LithuaniaLithuanian 83.4%, Polish 6.7%, Russian 6.3%, other or unspecified 3.6% (2001 census)
LuxembourgCeltic base (with French and German blend), Portuguese, Italian, Slavs (from Montenegro, Albania, and Kosovo) and European (guest and resident workers)
MacauChinese 95.7%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry) 1%, other 3.3% (2001 census)
MacedoniaMacedonian 64.2%, Albanian 25.2%, Turkish 3.9%, Roma (Gypsy) 2.7%, Serb 1.8%, other 2.2% (2002 census)
MadagascarMalayo-Indonesian (Merina and related Betsileo), Cotiers (mixed African, Malayo-Indonesian, and Arab ancestry – Betsimisaraka, Tsimihety, Antaisaka, Sakalava), French, Indian, Creole, Comoran
MalawiChewa, Nyanja, Tumbuka, Yao, Lomwe, Sena, Tonga, Ngoni, Ngonde, Asian, European
MalaysiaMalay 50.4%, Chinese 23.7%, indigenous 11%, Indian 7.1%, others 7.8% (2004 est.)
MaldivesSouth Indians, Sinhalese, Arabs
MaliMande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%
MaltaMaltese (descendants of ancient Carthaginians and Phoenicians, with strong elements of Italian and other Mediterranean stock)
Marshall IslandsMicronesian
Mauritaniamixed Moor/black 40%, Moor 30%, black 30%
MauritiusIndo-Mauritian 68%, Creole 27%, Sino-Mauritian 3%, Franco-Mauritian 2%
MayotteNA
Mexicomestizo (Amerindian-Spanish) 60%, Amerindian or predominantly Amerindian 30%, white 9%, other 1%
Micronesia, Federated States ofChuukese 48.8%, Pohnpeian 24.2%, Kosraean 6.2%, Yapese 5.2%, Yap outer islands 4.5%, Asian 1.8%, Polynesian 1.5%, other 6.4%, unknown 1.4% (2000 census)
MoldovaMoldovan/Romanian 78.2%, Ukrainian 8.4%, Russian 5.8%, Gagauz 4.4%, Bulgarian 1.9%, other 1.3% (2004 census)
note: internal disputes with ethnic Slavs in the Transnistrian region
MonacoFrench 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
MongoliaMongol (mostly Khalkha) 94.9%, Turkic (mostly Kazakh) 5%, other (including Chinese and Russian) 0.1% (2000)
MontenegroMontenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma (Gypsy)) 12%
Montserratblack, white
MoroccoArab-Berber 99.1%, other 0.7%, Jewish 0.2%
MozambiqueAfrican 99.66% (Makhuwa, Tsonga, Lomwe, Sena, and others), Europeans 0.06%, Euro-Africans 0.2%, Indians 0.08%
Namibiablack 87.5%, white 6%, mixed 6.5%
note: about 50% of the population belong to the Ovambo tribe and 9% to the Kavangos tribe; other ethnic groups includes Herero 7%, Damara 7%, Nama 5%, Caprivian 4%, Bushmen 3%, Baster 2%, Tswana 0.5%
NauruNauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8%
NepalChhettri 15.5%, Brahman-Hill 12.5%, Magar 7%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.5%, Newar 5.4%, Muslim 4.2%, Kami 3.9%, Yadav 3.9%, other 32.7%, unspecified 2.8% (2001 census)
NetherlandsDutch 83%, other 17% (of which 9% are non-Western origin mainly Turks, Moroccans, Antilleans, Surinamese, and Indonesians) (1999 est.)
Netherlands Antillesmixed black 85%, other 15% (includes Carib Amerindian, white, East Asian)
New CaledoniaMelanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%
New ZealandEuropean 69.8%, Maori 7.9%, Asian 5.7%, Pacific islander 4.4%, other 0.5%, mixed 7.8%, unspecified 3.8% (2001 census)
Nicaraguamestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 69%, white 17%, black 9%, Amerindian 5%
NigerHaoussa 55.4%, Djerma Sonrai 21%, Touareg 9.3%, Peuhl 8.5%, Kanouri Manga 4.7%, other 1.2% (2001 census)
NigeriaNigeria, Africa’s most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%
NiueNiuen 78.2%, Pacific islander 10.2%, European 4.5%, mixed 3.9%, Asian 0.2%, unspecified 3% (2001 census)
Norfolk Islanddescendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesian
Northern Mariana IslandsAsian 56.3%, Pacific islander 36.3%, Caucasian 1.8%, other 0.8%, mixed 4.8% (2000 census)
NorwayNorwegian, Sami 20,000
OmanArab, Baluchi, South Asian (Indian, Pakistani, Sri Lankan, Bangladeshi), African
PakistanPunjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir (immigrants from India at the time of partition and their descendants)
PalauPalauan (Micronesian with Malayan and Melanesian admixtures) 69.9%, Filipino 15.3%, Chinese 4.9%, other Asian 2.4%, white 1.9%, Carolinian 1.4%, other Micronesian 1.1%, other or unspecified 3.2% (2000 census)
Panamamestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 70%, Amerindian and mixed (West Indian) 14%, white 10%, Amerindian 6%
Papua New GuineaMelanesian, Papuan, Negrito, Micronesian, Polynesian
Paraguaymestizo (mixed Spanish and Amerindian) 95%, other 5%
PeruAmerindian 45%, mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 37%, white 15%, black, Japanese, Chinese, and other 3%
PhilippinesTagalog 28.1%, Cebuano 13.1%, Ilocano 9%, Bisaya/Binisaya 7.6%, Hiligaynon Ilonggo 7.5%, Bikol 6%, Waray 3.4%, other 25.3% (2000 census)
Pitcairn Islandsdescendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian wives
PolandPolish 96.7%, German 0.4%, Belarusian 0.1%, Ukrainian 0.1%, other and unspecified 2.7% (2002 census)
Portugalhomogeneous Mediterranean stock; citizens of black African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization number less than 100,000; since 1990 East Europeans have entered Portugal
Puerto Ricowhite (mostly Spanish origin) 80.5%, black 8%, Amerindian 0.4%, Asian 0.2%, mixed and other 10.9%
QatarArab 40%, Indian 18%, Pakistani 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14%
RomaniaRomanian 89.5%, Hungarian 6.6%, Roma 2.5%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, Turkish 0.2%, other 0.4% (2002 census)
RussiaRussian 79.8%, Tatar 3.8%, Ukrainian 2%, Bashkir 1.2%, Chuvash 1.1%, other or unspecified 12.1% (2002 census)
RwandaHutu (Bantu) 84%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 15%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%
Saint Barthelemywhite, Creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia)
Saint HelenaAfrican descent 50%, white 25%, Chinese 25%
Saint Kitts and Nevispredominantly black; some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese
Saint Luciablack 82.5%, mixed 11.9%, East Indian 2.4%, other or unspecified 3.1% (2001 census)
Saint Martincreole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia), white, East Indian
Saint Pierre and MiquelonBasques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadinesblack 66%, mixed 19%, East Indian 6%, Carib Amerindian 2%, other 7%
SamoaSamoan 92.6%, Euronesians 7% (persons of European and Polynesian blood), Europeans 0.4%
San MarinoSammarinese, Italian
Sao Tome and Principemestico, angolares (descendants of Angolan slaves), forros (descendants of freed slaves), servicais (contract laborers from Angola, Mozambique, and Cape Verde), tongas (children of servicais born on the islands), Europeans (primarily Portuguese)
Saudi ArabiaArab 90%, Afro-Asian 10%
SenegalWolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4%
SerbiaSerb 82.9%, Hungarian 3.9%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.4%, Yugoslavs 1.1%, Bosniaks 1.8%, Montenegrin 0.9%, other 8% (2002 census)
Seychellesmixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab
Sierra Leone20 African ethnic groups 90% (Temne 30%, Mende 30%, other 30%), Creole (Krio) 10% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century), refugees from Liberia’s recent civil war, small numbers of Europeans, Lebanese, Pakistanis, and Indians
SingaporeChinese 76.8%, Malay 13.9%, Indian 7.9%, other 1.4% (2000 census)
SlovakiaSlovak 85.8%, Hungarian 9.7%, Roma 1.7%, Ruthenian/Ukrainian 1%, other and unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)
SloveniaSlovene 83.1%, Serb 2%, Croat 1.8%, Bosniak 1.1%, other or unspecified 12% (2002 census)
Solomon IslandsMelanesian 94.5%, Polynesian 3%, Micronesian 1.2%, other 1.1%, unspecified 0.2% (1999 census)
SomaliaSomali 85%, Bantu and other non-Somali 15% (including Arabs 30,000)
South Africablack African 79%, white 9.6%, colored 8.9%, Indian/Asian 2.5% (2001 census)
Spaincomposite of Mediterranean and Nordic types
Sri LankaSinhalese 73.8%, Sri Lankan Moors 7.2%, Indian Tamil 4.6%, Sri Lankan Tamil 3.9%, other 0.5%, unspecified 10% (2001 census provisional data)
Sudanblack 52%, Arab 39%, Beja 6%, foreigners 2%, other 1%
SurinameHindustani (also known locally as “East Indians”; their ancestors emigrated from northern India in the latter part of the 19th century) 37%, Creole (mixed white and black) 31%, Javanese 15%, “Maroons” (their African ancestors were brought to the country in the 17th and 18th centuries as slaves and escaped to the interior) 10%, Amerindian 2%, Chinese 2%, white 1%, other 2%
SvalbardNorwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)
SwazilandAfrican 97%, European 3%
Swedenindigenous population: Swedes with Finnish and Sami minorities; foreign-born or first-generation immigrants: Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks
SwitzerlandGerman 65%, French 18%, Italian 10%, Romansch 1%, other 6%
SyriaArab 90.3%, Kurds, Armenians, and other 9.7%
TaiwanTaiwanese (including Hakka) 84%, mainland Chinese 14%, indigenous 2%
TajikistanTajik 79.9%, Uzbek 15.3%, Russian 1.1%, Kyrgyz 1.1%, other 2.6% (2000 census)
Tanzaniamainland – African 99% (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), other 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar – Arab, African, mixed Arab and African
ThailandThai 75%, Chinese 14%, other 11%
Timor-LesteAustronesian (Malayo-Polynesian), Papuan, small Chinese minority
TogoAfrican (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1%
TokelauPolynesian
TongaPolynesian, Europeans
Trinidad and TobagoIndian (South Asian) 40%, African 37.5%, mixed 20.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.8% (2000 census)
TunisiaArab 98%, European 1%, Jewish and other 1%
TurkeyTurkish 80%, Kurdish 20% (estimated)
TurkmenistanTurkmen 85%, Uzbek 5%, Russian 4%, other 6% (2003)
Turks and Caicos Islandsblack 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
TuvaluPolynesian 96%, Micronesian 4%
UgandaBaganda 16.9%, Banyakole 9.5%, Basoga 8.4%, Bakiga 6.9%, Iteso 6.4%, Langi 6.1%, Acholi 4.7%, Bagisu 4.6%, Lugbara 4.2%, Bunyoro 2.7%, other 29.6% (2002 census)
UkraineUkrainian 77.8%, Russian 17.3%, Belarusian 0.6%, Moldovan 0.5%, Crimean Tatar 0.5%, Bulgarian 0.4%, Hungarian 0.3%, Romanian 0.3%, Polish 0.3%, Jewish 0.2%, other 1.8% (2001 census)
United Arab EmiratesEmirati 19%, other Arab and Iranian 23%, South Asian 50%, other expatriates (includes Westerners and East Asians) 8% (1982)
note: less than 20% are UAE citizens (1982)
United Kingdomwhite (of which English 83.6%, Scottish 8.6%, Welsh 4.9%, Northern Irish 2.9%) 92.1%, black 2%, Indian 1.8%, Pakistani 1.3%, mixed 1.2%, other 1.6% (2001 census)
United Stateswhite 81.7%, black 12.9%, Asian 4.2%, Amerindian and Alaska native 1%, native Hawaiian and other Pacific islander 0.2% (2003 est.)
note: a separate listing for Hispanic is not included because the US Census Bureau considers Hispanic to mean a person of Latin American descent (including persons of Cuban, Mexican, or Puerto Rican origin) living in the US who may be of any race or ethnic group (white, black, Asian, etc.)
Uruguaywhite 88%, mestizo 8%, black 4%, Amerindian (practically nonexistent)
UzbekistanUzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.)
VanuatuNi-Vanuatu 98.5%, other 1.5% (1999 Census)
VenezuelaSpanish, Italian, Portuguese, Arab, German, African, indigenous people
VietnamKinh (Viet) 86.2%, Tay 1.9%, Thai 1.7%, Muong 1.5%, Khome 1.4%, Hoa 1.1%, Nun 1.1%, Hmong 1%, others 4.1% (1999 census)
Virgin Islandsblack 76.2%, white 13.1%, Asian 1.1%, other 6.1%, mixed 3.5% (2000 census)
Wallis and FutunaPolynesian
West BankPalestinian Arab and other 83%, Jewish 17%
Western SaharaArab, Berber
Yemenpredominantly Arab; but also Afro-Arab, South Asians, Europeans
ZambiaAfrican 98.7%, European 1.1%, other 0.2%
ZimbabweAfrican 98% (Shona 82%, Ndebele 14%, other 2%), mixed and Asian 1%, white less than 1%