The Cock and the Fox, or the Tale of the Nun's Priest. Fables Ancient and Modern. John Dryden. 1913. The Poems of John Dryden

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John Dryden (1631–1700). The Poems of John Dryden. 1913.

Fables Ancient and Modern

The Cock and the Fox, or the Tale of the Nun’s Priest


THERE 1 liv’d, as Authors tell, in Days of Yore,
A Widow, somewhat old, and very poor:
Deep in a Cell 2 her Cottage lonely stood,
Well thatch’d, and under covert of a Wood.
This Dowager, on whom my Tale I found,	5
Since last she laid her Husband in the Ground,
A simple sober Life in patience led,
And had but just enough to buy her Bread:
But Huswifing the little Heav’n had lent,
She duly paid a Groat for Quarter-Rent;	10
And pinch’d her Belly, with her Daughters 3 two,
To bring the Year about with much ado.
The Cattel in her Homestead were three Sows,
An Ewe called Mally, and three brinded Cows.
Her Parlor-Window stuck with Herbs around	15
Of sav’ry Smell; and Rushes strewed the Ground.
A Maple-Dresser in her Hall she had,
On which full many a slender Meal she made:
For no delicious Morsel pass’d her Throat;
According to her Cloth she cut her Coat:	20
No paynant 4 Sawce she knew, no costly Treat,
Her Hunger gave a Relish to her Meat:
A sparing Diet did her Health assure;
Or sick, a Pepper-Posset was her Cure.
Before the Day was done, her Work she sped,	25
And never went by Candle-light to Bed;
With Exercise she sweat ill Humors out;
Her Dancing was not hinder’d by the Gout.
Her Poverty was glad; her Heart content,
Nor knew she what the Spleen or Vapors meant.	30
Of Wine she never tasted through the Year,
But White and Black was all her homely Chear;
Brown Bread, and Milk (but first she skim’d her bowls)
And Rashers of sindg’d Bacon on the Coals.
On Holy-Days, an Egg or two at most;	35
But her Ambition never reach’d to roast.
A Yard she had with Pales enclos’d about,
Some high, some low, and a dry Ditch without.
Within this Homestead, liv’d without a Peer,
For crowing loud, the noble Chanticleer:	40
So hight her Cock, whose singing did surpass
The merry Notes of Organs at the Mass.
More certain was the crowing of a Cock
To number Hours, than is an Abbey-clock;
And sooner than the Mattin-Bell was rung,	45
He clap’d his Wings upon his Roost, and sung:
For when Degrees fifteen ascended right,
By sure Instinct he knew ’twas One at Night.
High was his Comb, and Coral-red withal,
In dents embattel’d like a Castle-Wall;	50
His Bill was Raven-black, and shon like Jet,
Blue were his Legs, and Orient were his Feet:
White were his Nails, like Silver to behold,
His Body glitt’ring like the burnish’d Gold.
This gentle Cock, for solace of his Life,	55
Six Misses had beside his lawful Wife;
Scandal, that spares no King, tho’ ne’er so good,
Says, they were all of his own Flesh and Blood:
His Sisters both by Sire, and Mother’s Side,
And sure their Likeness show’d them near ally’d.	60
But make the worst, the Monarch did no more
Than all the Ptolomey’s had done before:
When Incest is for Int’rest of a Nation,
’Tis made no Sin by Holy Dispensation.
Some Lines have been maintain’d by this alone,	65
Which by their common Ugliness are known.
But passing this as from our Tale apart,
Dame Partlet was the Soveraign of his Heart:
Ardent in Love, outragious in his Play,
He feather’d her a hundred times a Day;	70
And she, that was not only passing fair,
But was withal discreet, and debonair,
Resolv’d the passive Doctrin to fulfil,
Tho’ loath, and let him work his wicked Will:
At Board and Bed was affable and kind,	75
According as their Marriage-Vow did bind,
And as the Churches Precept had enjoin’d.
Ev’n since she was a Sennight old, they say
Was chast, and humble to her dying Day,
Nor Chick nor Hen was known to disobey.	80
By this her. Husband’s Heart she did obtain;
What cannot Beauty join’d with Virtue gain!
She was his only Joy, and he her Pride:
She, when he walk’d, went pecking by his Side;
If, spurning up the Ground, he sprung a Corn,	85
The Tribute in his Bill to her was born.
But oh! what Joy it was to hear him sing
In Summer, when the Day began to spring,
Stretching his Neck, and warbling in his Throat,
Solus cum Sola, then was all his Note.	90
For in the Days of Yore, the Birds of Parts
Were bred to Speak, and Sing, and learn the lib’ral Arts.
It happ’d that perching on the Parlor beam
Amidst his Wives he had a deadly Dream,
Just at the Dawn, and sigh’d, and groan’d so fast,	95
As every Breath he drew would be his last.
Dame Partlet, ever nearest to his Side,
Heard all his piteous Moan, and how he cry’d
For help from Gods and Men: And sore aghast
She Peck’d and pull’d, and waken’d him at last.	100
Dear Heart, said she, for Love of Heav’n declare
Your Pain, and make me Partner of your Care.
You groan, Sir, ever since the Morning-light,
As something had disturb’d your noble Spright.
And, Madam, well I might, said Chanticleer,	105
Never was Shrovetide-Cock in such a Fear.
Ev’n still I run all over in a Sweat,
My Princely Senses not recover’d yet.
For such a Dream I had of dire Portent,
That much I fear my Body will be shent:	110
It bodes I shall have Wars and woful Strife,
Or in a loathsom Dungeon end my Life.
Know, Dame, I dreamt within my troubl’d Breast,
That in our Yard I saw a murd’rous Beast,
That on my Body would have made Arrest.	115
With waking Eyes I ne’er beheld his Fellow,
His Colour was betwixt a Red and Yellow:
Tipp’d was his Tail, and both his pricking Ears
With 5 black; and much unlike his other Hairs:
The rest, in Shape a Beagle’s Whelp throughout,	120
With broader Forehead, and a sharper Snout:
Deep in his Front were sunk his glowing Eyes,
That yet, methinks, I see him with Surprize.
Reach out your Hand, I drop with clammy Sweat,
And lay it to my Heart, and feel it beat.	125
Now fy for Shame, quoth she, by Heav’n above,
Thou hast for ever lost thy Ladies Love.
No Woman can endure a Recreant Knight,
He must be bold by Day, and free by Night:
Our Sex desires a Husband or a Friend,	130
Who can our Honour and his own defend;
Wise, Hardy, Secret, lib’ral of his Purse;
A Fool is nauseous, but a Coward worse:
No bragging Coxcomb, yet no baffled Knight.
How dar’st thou talk of Love, and dar’st not Fight?	135
How dar’st thou tell thy Dame thou art affer’d?
Hast thou no manly Heart, and hasta Beard?
If ought from fearful Dreams may be divin’d,
They signify a Cock of Dunghill-kind.
All Dreams, as in old Gallen I have read,	140
Are from Repletion and Complexion bred;
From rising Fumes of indigested Food,
And noxious Humors that infect the Blood:
And sure, my Lord, if I can read aright,
These foolish Fancies you have had to Night	145
Are certain Symptoms (in the canting Style)
Of boiling Choler and abounding Bile:
This yellow Gaul that in your Stomach floats,
Ingenders all these visionary Thoughts.
When Choler overflows, then Dreams are bred	150
Of Flames, and all the Family of Red;
Red Dragons, and red Beasts in Sleep we view;
For Humors are distinguish’d by their Hue.
From hence we Dream of Wars and Warlike Things,
And Wasps and Hornets with their double Wings.	155
Choler adust congeals our Blood with fear;
Then black Bulls toss us, and black Devils tear.
In sanguine airy Dreams aloft we bound;
With Rhumes oppress’d, we sink in Rivers drown’d.
More I could say, but thus conclude my Theme,	160
The dominating Humour makes the Dream.
Cato was in his time accounted Wise,
And he condemns them all for empty Lies.
Take my Advice, and when we fly to Ground
With Laxatives preserve your Body sound,	165
And purge the peccant Humors that abound.
I should be loath to lay you on a Bier;
And though there lives no ’Pothecary near,
I dare for once prescribe for your Disease,
And save long Bills, and a damn’d Doctor’s Fees.	170
Two Soveraign Herbs, which I by practise know,
Are both at hand (for in our Yard they grow;)
On Peril of my Soul shall rid you wholly
Of yellow Choler, and of Melancholy:
You must both Purge, and Vomit; but obey,	175
And for the Love of Heav’n make no delay.
Since hot and dry in your Complexion join,
Beware the Sun when in a vernal Sign;
For when he mounts exalted in the Ram,
If then he finds your Body in a Flame,	180
Replete with Choler, I dare lay a Groat,
A Tertian Ague is at least your Lot.
Perhaps a Fever (which the Gods forefend)
May bring your Youth to some untimely End.
And therefore, Sir, as you desire to live,	185
A Day or two before your Laxative,
Take just three Worms, nor under 6 nor above,
Because the Gods unequal Numbers love,
These Digestives prepare you for your Purge,
Of Fumetery, Centaury, and Spurge,	190
And of Ground-Ivy add a Leaf, or two,
All which within our Yard or Garden grow.
Eat these, and be, my Lord, of better Cheer;
Your Father’s Son was never born to fear.
Madam, quoth he, Grammercy for your Care,	195
But Cato, whom you quoted, you may spare;
’Tis true, a wise, and worthy Man he seems,
And (as you say) gave no belief to Dreams:
But other Men of more Authority,
And, by th’ Immortal Powers as wise as He,	200
Maintain, with sounder Sense, that Dreams forebode;
For Homer plainly says they come from God.
Nor Cato said it: But some modern Fool
Impos’d in Cato’s Name on Boys at School.
Believe me, Madam, Morning Dreams foreshow	205
Th’ Events of Things, and future Weal or Woe:
Some Truths are not by Reason to be try’d,
But we have sure Experience for our Guide.
An ancient Author, equal with the best,
Relates this Tale of Dreams among the rest.	210
Two Friends, or Brothers, with devout Intent,
On some far Pilgrimage together went.
It happen’d so that, when the Sun was down,
They just arriv’d by twilight at a Town;
That Day had been the baiting of a Bull,	215
’Twas at a Feast, and ev’ry Inn so full,
That no void Room in Chamber, or on Ground,
And but one sorry Bed was to be found,
And that so little it would hold but one,
Though till this Hour they never lay alone.	220
So were they forc’d to part; one stay’d behind,
His Fellow sought what Lodging he could find:
At last he found a Stall where Oxen stood,
And that he rather chose than lie abroad.
’Twas in a farther Yard without a Door;	225
But, for his ease, well litter’d was the Floor.
His Fellow, who the narrow Bed had kept,
Was weary, and without a Rocker slept:
Supine he snor’d; but in the Dead of Night,
He dreamt his Friend appear’d before his Sight,	230
Who, with a ghastly Look and doleful Cry,
Said, Help me, Brother, or this Night I die:
Arise, and help, before all Help be vain,
Or in an Oxes Stall I shall be slain.
Rowz’d from his Rest, he waken’d in a Start,	235
Shiv’ring with Horror, and with aking Heart:
At length to cure himself by Reason tries;
’Tis but a Dream, and what are Dreams but Lies?
So thinking chang’d his Side, and closed his Eyes.
His Dream returns; his Friend appears again:	240
The Murd’rers come, now help, or I am slain:
’Twas but a Vision still, and Visions are but vain.
He dreamt the third: But now his Friend appear’d,
Pale, naked, pierc’d with Wounds, with Blood besmear’d:
Thrice warn’d, awake, said he; Relief is late,	245
The Deed is done; but thou revenge my Fate:
Tardy of Aid, unseal thy heavy Eyes,
Awake, and with the dawning Day arise:
Take to the Western Gate thy ready way,
For by that Passage they my Corps convey:	250
My Corps is in a Tumbril laid; among
The Filth and Ordure, and enclos’d with Dung.
That Cart arrest, and raise a common Cry,
For sacred hunger of my Gold I die;
Then show’d his grisly Wounds; and last he drew	255
A piteous Sigh; and took a long Adieu.
The frighted Friend arose by break of Day,
And found the Stall where late his Fellow lay.
Then of his impious Host inquiring more,
Was answer’d that his Guest was gone before:	260
Muttring, he went, said he, by Morning-light,
And much complain’d of his ill Rest by Night.
This rais’d Suspicion in the Pilgrim’s Mind;
Because all Hosts are of an evil Kind,
And oft, to share the Spoil, with Robbers join’d.	265
His Dream confirm’d his Thought: with troubled look
Straight to the Western-Gate his Way he took;
There, as his Dream foretold, a Cart he found,
That carry’d Composs forth to dung the Ground.
This when the Pilgrim saw, he stretch’d his Throat,	270
And cry’d out Murther with a yelling Note.
My murther’d Fellow in this Cart lies dead,
Vengeance and Justice on the Villain’s Head.
You, Magistrates, who sacred Laws dispense,
On you I call to punish this Offence.	275
The Word thus giv’n, within a little Space
The Mob came roaring out, and throng’d the Place.
All in a trice they cast the Cart to Ground,
And in the Dung the murther’d Body found; 7
Though breathless, warm, and reeking from the Wound.	280
Good Heav’n, whose darling Attribute we find
Is boundless Grace, and Mercy to Mankind,
Abhors the Cruel; and the Deeds of Night
By wond’rous Ways reveals in open Light:
Murther may pass unpunish’d for a time,	285
But tardy Justice will o’ertake the Crime
And oft a speedier pain the Guilty feels,
The Hue and Cry of Heav’n pursues him at the Heels,
Fresh from the Fact; as in the present Case;
The Criminals are seiz’d upon the Place:	290
Carter and Host confronted Face to Face.
Stiff in denial, as the Law appoints,
On Engins they distend their tortur’d Joints:
So was confession forc’d, th’ Offence was known,
And publick Justice on th’ Offenders done.	295
Here may you see that Visions are to dread:
And in the Page that follows this I read
Of two young Merchants, whom the hope of Gain
Induc’d in Partnership to cross the Main:
Waiting till willing Winds their Sails supply’d,	300
Within a Trading-Town they long abide,
Full fairly situate on a Haven’s side.
One Evening it befel that looking out,
The Wind they long had wish’d was come about:
Well pleas’d they went to Rest; and if the Gale	305
Till Morn continu’d, both resolv’d to sail.
But as together in a Bed they lay,
The younger had a Dream at break of Day.
A Man, he thought, stood frowning at his side,
Who warn’d him for his Safety to provide,	310
Not put to Sea, but safe on Shore abide.
I come, thy Genius, to command thy stay;
Trust not the Winds, for fatal is the Day,
And Death unhop’d attends the watry way.
The Vision said: And vanish’d from his Sight;	315
The Dreamer waken’d in a mortal Fright;
Then pull’d his drowzy Neighbour, and declar’d
What in his Slumber he had seen, and heard.
His Friend smil’d scornful, and, with proud contempt,
Rejects as idle what his Fellow dreamt.	320
Stay, who will stay: For me no Fears restrain,
Who follow Mercury the God of Gain:
Let each Man do as to his Fancy seems,
I wait not, I, till you have better Dreams.
Dreams are but Interludes, which Fancy makes;	325
When Monarch-Reason sleeps, this Mimick wakes:
Compounds a Medley of disjointed Things,
A Mob of Coblers and a Court of Kings:
Light Fumes are merry, grosser Fumes are sad;
Both are the reasonable Soul run mad:	330
And many monstrous Forms in Sleep we see,
That neither were, nor are, nor e’er can be.
Sometimes, forgotten Things long cast behind
Rush forward in the Brain, and come to mind.
The Nurses Legends are for Truths receiv’d,	335
And the Man dreams but what the Boy believ’d.
Sometimes we but rehearse a former Play,
The Night restores our Actions done by Day;
As Hounds in sleep will open for their Prey.
In short, the Farce of Dreams is of a piece,	340
Chimera’s all; and more absurd, or less.
You, who believe in Tales, abide alone,
What e’er I get this Voyage is my own.
Thus while he spoke he heard the shouting Crew
That call’d aboard and took his last adieu.	345
The Vessel went before a merry Gale,
And for quick Passage put on ev’ry Sail:
But when least fear’d, and ev’n in open Day,
The Mischief overtook her in the way:
Whether she sprung a Leak, I cannot find,	350
Or whether she was overset with Wind;
Or that some Rock below, her bottom rent;
But down at once with all her Crew she went;
Her Fellow Ships from far her Loss descry’d;
But only she was sunk, and all were safe beside.	355
By this Example you are taught again,
That Dreams and Visions are not always vain:
But if, dear Partlet, you are yet in doubt,
Another Tale shall make the former out.
Kenelm, the Son of Kenulph, Mercia’s King,	360
Whose holy Life the Legends loudly sing,
Warn’d, in a Dream, his Murther did foretel
From Point to Point as after it befel:
All Circumstances to his Nurse he told,
(A Wonder, from a Child of sev’n Years old)	365
The Dream with Horror heard, the good old Wife
From Treason counsell’d him to guard his Life:
But close to keep the Secret in his Mind,
For a Boy’s Vision small Belief would find.
The pious Child, by Promise bound, obey’d,	370
Nor was the fatal Murther long delay’d:
By Quenda slain, he fell before his time,
Made a young Martyr by his Sister’s Crime.
The Tale is told by venerable Bede,
Which, at your better leisure, you may read.	375
Macrobius too relates the Vision sent
To the great Scipio with the fam’d event;
Objections makes, but after makes Replies,
And adds, that Dreams are often Prophecies.
Of Daniel you may read in Holy Writ,	380
Who, when the King his Vision did forget,
Cou’d Word for Word the wond’rous Dream repeat.
Nor less of Patriarch Joseph understand,
Who by a Dream inslav’d th’ Egyptian Land,
The Years of Plenty and of Dearth foretold,	385
When, for their Bread, their Liberty they sold.
Nor must th’ exalted Buttler be forgot,
Nor he whose Dream presag’d his hanging Lot.
And did not Cræsus the same Death foresee,
Rais’d in his Vision on a lofty Tree?	390
The wife of Hector in his utmost Pride,
Dreamt of his Death the Night before he dy’d:
Well was he warn’d from Battle to refrain;
But Men to Death decreed are warn’d in vain:
He dar’d the Dream, and by his fatal Foe was slain.	395
Much more I know, which I forbear to speak,
For see the ruddy Day begins to break:
Let this suffice, that plainly I foresee
My Dream was bad, and bodes Adversity:
But neither Pills nor Laxatives I like,	400
They only serve to make a well-man sick:
Of these his Gain the sharp Phisician makes,
And often gives a Purge, but seldom takes:
They not correct, but poyson all the Blood,
And ne’er did any but the Doctors good.	405
Their Tribe, Trade, Trinkets, I defy them all,
With ev’ry work of ’Pothecary’s Hall.
These melancholy Matters I forbear;
But let me tell Thee, Partlet mine, and swear,
That when I view the Beauties of thy Face,	410
I fear not Death, nor Dangers, nor Disgrace:
So may my Soul have Bliss, as when I spy
The Scarlet Red about thy Partridge Eye,
While thou art constant to thy own true Knight,
While thou art mine, and I am thy delight,	415
All Sorrows at thy Presence take their flight.
For true it is, as in Principio,
Mulier est hominis confusio.
Madam, the meaning of this Latin is,
That Woman is to Man his Soveraign Bliss.	420
For when by Night I feel your tender Side,
Though for the narrow Perch I cannot ride,
Yet I have such a Solace in my Mind,
That all my boding Cares are cast behind:
And ev’n already I forget my Dream.	425
He said, and downward flew from off the Beam,
For Day-light now began apace to spring,
The Thrush to whistle, and the Lark to sing.
Then crowing clap’d his Wings, th’ appointed call,
To chuck his Wives together in the Hall.	430
By this the Widow had unbarr’d the Door,
And Chanticleer went strutting out before,
With Royal Courage, and with Heart so light,
Asshew’d he scorn’d the Visions of the Night.
Now roaming in the Yard, he spurn’d the Ground,	435
And gave to Partlet the first Grain he found.
Then often feather’d her with wanton Play,
And trod her twenty times e’er prime of Day
And took by turns and gave so much delight,
Her Sisters pin’d with Envy at the Sight.	440
He chuck’d again, when other Corns he found,
And scarcely deign’d to set a Foot to Ground,
But swagger’d like a Lord about his Hall,
And his sev’n Wives came running at his call.
’Twas now the Month in which the World began,	445
(If March beheld the first created Man:)
And since the vernal Equinox, the Sun
In Aries twelve Degrees, or more had run;
When, casting up his Eyes against the Light,
Both Month, and Day, and Hour, he measur’d right;	450
And told more truly, than th’ Ephemeris,
For Art may err, but Nature cannot miss.
Thus numb’ring Times, and Seasons in his Breast,
His second crowing the third Hour confess’d.
Then turning, said to Partlet, See, my Dear,	455
How lavish Nature has adorn’d the Year;
How the pale Primrose, and blue Violet spring,
And Birds essay their Throats disus’d to sing:
All these are ours; and I with pleasure see
Man strutting on two Legs, and aping me!	460
An unfledg’d Creature, of a lumpish frame,
Indew’d with fewer Particles of Flame:
Our Dame sits couring o’er the Kitchin-fire,
I draw fresh Air, and Nature’s Works admire:
And ev’n this Day, in more delight abound,	465
Than, since I was an Egg, I ever found.
The time shall come when Chanticleer shall wish
His Words unsaid, and hate his boasted Bliss:
The crested Bird shall by Experience know,
Jove made not him his Master-piece below;	470
And learn the latter end of Joy is Woe.
The Vessel of his Bliss to Dregs is run,
And Heav’n will have him tast his other Tun.
Ye Wise, draw near, and hearken to my Tale,
Which proves that oft the Proud by Flatt’ry fall;	475
The Legend is as true I undertake
As Tristram is, and Launcelot of the Lake:
Which all our Ladies in such rev’rence hold,
As if in Book of Martyrs it were told.
A Fox full fraught with seeming Sanctity,	480
That fear’d an Oath, but like the Devil, would lie,
Who look’d like Lent, and had the holy Leer,
And durst not sin before he say’d his Pray’r:
This pious Cheat, that never suck’d the Blood,
Nor chaw’d the Flesh of Lambs, but when he cou’d,	485
Had pass’d three Summers in the neighb’ring Wood;
And musing long whom next to circumvent,
On Chanticleer his wicked Fancy bent;
And in his high imagination cast,
By Stratagem to gratify his Tast.	490
The Plot contriv’d, before the break of Day,
Saint Reynard through the Hedge had made his way;
The Pale was next, but proudly, with a bound
He lept the Fence of the forbidden Ground:
Yet fearing to be seen, within a Bed	495
Of Coleworts he conceal’d his wily Head;
Then sculk’d till Afternoon, and watch’d his time,
(As Murd’rers use) to perpetrate his Crime.
O Hypocrite, ingenious to destroy,
O Traytor, worse than Sinon was to Troy;	500
O vile Subverter of the Gallick Reign,
More false than Gano was to Charlemaign!
O Chanticleer, in an unhappy Hour
Did’st thou forsake the Safety of thy Bow’r:
Better for Thee thou had’st believ’d thy Dream,	505
And not that Day descended from the Beam!
But here the Doctors eagerly dispute:
Some hold Predestination absolute:
Some Clerks maintain, that Heav’n at first foresees,
And in the virtue of Foresight decrees.	510
If this be so, then Prescience binds the Will,
And Mortals are not free to Good or Ill
For what he first foresaw, he must ordain
Or its eternal Prescience may be vain
As bad for us as Prescience had not bin:	515
For first, or last, he’s Author of the Sin.
And who says that, let the blaspheming Man
Say worse ev’n of the Devil, if he can.
For how can that Eternal Pow’r be just
To punish Man, who Sins because he must?	520
Or, how can He reward a vertuous Deed,
Which is not done by us; but first decreed?
I cannot boult this Matter to the Bran,
As Bradwardin and holy Austin can:
If Prescience can determine Actions so	525
That we must do, because he did foreknow
Or that foreknowing, yet our Choice is free,
Not forc’d to Sin by strict necessity;
This strict necessity they simple call,
Another sort there is, conditional.	530
The first so binds the Will that Things foreknown
By Spontaneity, not Choice, are done.
Thus Galley-Slaves tug willing, at their Oar,
Content 8 to work, in prospect of the Shore;
But wou’d not work at all, if not constrain’d before.	535
That other does not Liberty constrain,
But Man may either act, or may refrain.
Heav’n made us Agents free to Good or Ill,
And forc’d it not, tho’ he foresaw the Will.
Freedom was first bestow’d on human Race,	540
And Prescience only held the second place.
If he could make such Agents wholly free,
I not dispute; the Point’s too high for me;
For Heav’n’s unfathom’d Pow’r what Man can sound,
Or put to his Omnipotence a Bound?	545
He made us to his Image all agree;
That Image is the Soul, and that must be,
Or not the Maker’s Image, or be free.
But whether it were better Man had been
By Nature bound to Good, not free to Sin,	550
I wave, for fear of splitting on a Rock.
The Tale I tell is only of a Cock;
Who had not run the hazard of his Life
Had he believ’d his Dream, and not his Wife:
For Women, with a mischief to their Kind,	555
Pervert, with bad Advice, our better Mind.
A Woman’s Counsel brought us first to Woe,
And made her Man his Paradice forego,
Where at Heart’s ease he liv’d, and might have bin
As free from Sorrow as he was from Sin.	560
For what the Devil had their Sex to do,
That, born to Folly, they presum’d to know,
And could not see the Serpent in the Grass?
But I my self presume, and let it pass.
Silence in times of Suff’ring is the best,	565
’Tis dang’rous to disturb a Hornet’s Nest.
In other Authors you may find enough,
But all they say of Dames is idle Stuff.
Legends of lying Wits together bound,
The Wife of Bath would throw ’em to the Ground:	570
These are the words of Chanticleer, not mine,
I honour Dames, and think their Sex divine.
Now to continue what my Tale begun.
Lay Madam Partlet basking in the Sun,
Breast-high in Sand: Her Sisters, in a row,	575
Enjoyed the Beams above, the Warmth below.
The Cock, that of his Flesh was ever free,
Sung merrier than the Mermaid in the Sea:
And so befel, that as he cast his Eye
Among the Colworts on a Butterfly,	580
He saw false Reynard where he lay full low,
I need not swear he had no list to Crow:
But cry’d, Cock, Cock, and gave a suddain Start,
As sore dismaid and frighted at his Heart.
For Birds and Beasts, inform’d by Nature, know	585
Kinds opposite to theirs, and fly their Foe.
So, Chanticleer, who never saw a Fox,
Yet shun’d him as a Sailor shuns the Rocks.
But the false Loon, who cou’d not work his Will
By open Force, employed his flatt’ring Skill:	590
I hope, my Lord, said he, I not offend,
Are you afraid of me that am your Friend?
I were a Beast indeed to do you wrong,
I, who have lov’d and honour’d you so long:
Stay, gentle Sir, nor take a false Alarm,	595
For, on my Soul, I never meant you harm.
I come no Spy, nor as a Traytor press,
To learn the Secrets of your soft Recess:
Far be from Reynard so 9 prophane a Thought,
But by the Sweetness of your Voice was brought:	600
For, as I bid my Beads, by chance I heard
The Song as of an Angel in the Yard:
A Song that wou’d have charm’d th’ infernal Gods,
And banish’d Horror from the dark Abodes:
Had Orpheus 10 sung it in the neather Sphere,	605
So much the Hymn had pleas’d the Tyrant’s Ear,
The Wife had been detain’d, to keep the Husband there.
My Lord, your Sire familiarly I knew,
A Peer deserving such a Son, as you:
He, with your Lady-Mother (whom Heav’n rest)	610
Has often grac’d my House, and been my Guest
To view his living Features does me good,
For I am your poor Neighbour in the Wood;
And in my Cottage shou’d be proud to see
The worthy Heir of my Friend’s Family.	615
But since I speak of Singing let me say,
As with an upright Heart I safely may,
That, save your self, there breaths not on the Ground
One like your Father for a Silver sound.
So sweetly wou’d he wake the Winter-day,	620
That Matrons to the Church mistook their way,
And thought they heard the merry Organ play.
And he to raise his Voice with artful Care,
(What will not Beaux attempt to please the Fair?)
On Tiptoe stood to sing with greater Strength,	625
And stretch’d his comely Neck at all the length:
And while he pain’d 11 his Voice to pierce the Skies,
As Saints in Raptures use, would shut his Eyes,
That the sound striving through the narrow Throat,
His winking might avail, to mend the Note.	630
By this, in Song, he never had his Peer,
From sweet Cecilia down to Chanticleer;
Not Maro’s Muse, who sung the mighty Man,
Nor Pindar’s heav’nly Lyre, nor Horace when a Swan.
Your Ancestors proceed from Race divine:	635
From Brennus and Belinus is your Line;
Who gave to sov’raign Rome such loud Alarms,
That ev’n the Priests were not excus’d from Arms.
Besides, a famous Monk of modern times,
Has left of Cocks recorded in his Rhimes,	640
That of a Parish-Priest the Son and Heir
(When Sons of Priests were from the Proverb clear)
Affronted once a Cock of noble Kind,
And either lam’d his Legs, or struck him blind;
For which the Clerk his Father was disgrac’d,	645
And in his Benefice another plac’d.
Now sing, my Lord, if not for love of me,
Yet for the sake of sweet Saint Charity;
Make Hills and Dales, and Earth and Heav’n rejoice,
And emulate your Father’s Angel-voice.	650
The Cock was pleas’d to hear him speak so fair,
And proud beside, as solar People are;
Nor cou’d the Treason from the Truth descry,
So was he ravish’d with this Flattery:
So much the more as from a little Elf,	655
He had a high Opinion of himself:
Though sickly, slender, and not large of Limb,
Concluding all the World was made for him.
Ye Princes, rais’d by Poets to the Gods,
And Alexander’d up in lying Odes,	660
Believe not ev’ry flatt’ring Knave’s report,
There’s many a Reynard lurking in the Court;
And he shall be receiv’d with more regard
And list’ned to, than modest Truth is heard.
This Chanticleer, of whom the Story sings,	665
Stood high upon his Toes, and clap’d his Wings;
Then stretch’d his Neck, and wink’d with both his Eyes,
Ambitious, as he sought th’ Olympick Prize.
But while he pain’d himself to raise his Note,
False Reynard rush’d, and caught him by the Throat.	670
Then on his Back he laid the precious Load,
And sought his wonted shelter of the Wood;
Swiftly he made his way, the Mischief done,
Of all unheeded, and pursu’d by none.
Alas, what stay is there in human State,	675
Or who can shun inevitable Fate?
The Doom was written, the Decree was past,
E’er the Foundations of the World were cast!
In Aries though the Sun exalted stood,
His Patron-Planet to procure his good;	680
Yet Saturn was his mortal Foe, and he
In Libra rais’d, oppos’d the same Degree:
The Rays both good and bad, of equal Pow’r,
Each thwarting other, made a mingled Hour.
On Friday-morn he dreamt this direful Dream,	685
Cross to the worthy Native, in his Scheme!
Ah blissful Venus, Goddess of Delight,
How cou’dst thou suffer thy devoted Knight,
On thy own Day, to fall by Foe oppress’d,
The wight of all the World who serv’d thee best?	690
Who true to Love, was all for Recreation,
And minded not the Work of Propagation.
Gaufride, who could’st so well in Rhime complain
The Death of Richard with an Arrow slain,
Why had not I thy Muse, or thou my Heart,	695
To sing this heavy Dirge with equal Art!
That I like thee on Friday might complain;
For on that Day was Ceur de Lion slain.
Not louder Cries, when Ilium was in Flames,
Were sent to Heav’n by woful Trojan Dames,	700
When Pyrrhus toss’d on high his burnish’d Blade,
And offer’d Priam to his Father’s Shade,
Than for the Cock the widow’d Poultry made.
Fair Partlet first, when he was born from sight,
With soveraign Shrieks bewail’d her Captive Knight:	705
Far lowder than the Carthaginian Wife,
When Asdrubal her Husband lost his Life,
When she beheld the smouldring Flames ascend,
And all the Punick Glories at an end:
Willing into the Fires she plung’d her Head,	710
With greater Ease than others seek their Bed.
Not more aghast the Matrons of Renown,
When Tyrant Nero burn’d th’ Imperial Town,
Shriek’d for the downfal in a doleful Cry,
For which their guiltless Lords were doom’d to die.	715
Now to my Story I return again:
The trembling Widow, and her Daughters twain,
This woful cackling Cry with Horror heard,
Of those distracted Damsels in the Yard;
And starting up, beheld the heavy Sight,	720
How Reynard to the Forest took his Flight,
And cross his Back, as in triumphant Scorn,
The Hope and Pillar of the House was born.
The Fox, the wicked Fox, was all the Cry,
Out from his House ran ev’ry Neighbour nigh:	725
The Vicar first, and after him the Crew,
With Forks and Staves the Fellon to pursue.
Ran Coll our Dog, and Talbot with the Band,
And Malkin, with her Distaff in her Hand:
Ran Cow and Calf, and Family of Hogs,	730
In Panique Horror of pursuing Dogs;
With many a deadly Grunt and doleful Squeak
Poor Swine, as if their pretty Hearts would break.
The Shouts of Men, the Women in dismay,
With Shrieks augment the Terror of the Day.	735
The Ducks, that heard the Proclamation cry’d,
And fear’d a Persecution might betide,
Full twenty Mile from Town their Voyage take,
Obscure in Rushes of the liquid Lake.
The Geese fly o’er the Barn; the Bees in Arms,	740
Drive headlong from their Waxen Cells in Swarms.
Jack Straw at London-stone with all his Rout
Struck not the City with so loud a Shout;
Not when with English Hate they did pursue
A French Man, or an unbelieving Jew:	745
Not when the Welkin rung with one and all;
And Echoes bounded back from Fox’s Hall;
Earth seem’d to sink beneath, and Heav’n above to fall.
With Might and Main they chas’d the murd’rous Fox,
With brazen Trumpets, and inflated Box,	750
To Kindle Mars with military Sounds,
Nor wanted Horns t’ inspire sagacious Hounds.
But see how Fortune can confound the Wise,
And when they least expect it, turn the Dice.
The Captive Cock, who scarce cou’d draw his Breath,	755
And lay within the very Jaws of Death,
Yet in this Agony his Fancy wrought,
And Fear supply’d him with this happy Thought:
Yours is the Prize, victorious Prince, said he,
The Vicar my defeat, and all the Village see,	760
Enjoy your friendly Fortune while you may,
And bid the Churls that envy you the Prey,
Call back their mungril Curs, and cease their Cry,
See, Fools, the shelter of the Wood is nigh,
And Chanticleer in your despight shall die.	765
He shall be pluck’d and eaten to the Bone.
’Tis well advis’d, in Faith it shall be done;
This Reynard said: but as the Word he spoke,
The Pris’ner with a Spring from Prison broke:
Then stretch’d his feather’d Fans with all his might,	770
And to the neighb’ring Maple wing’d his flight.
Whom when the Traytor safe on Tree beheld,
He curs’d the Gods, with Shame and Sorrow fill’d;
Shame for his Folly; Sorrow out of time,
For Plotting an unprofitable Crime:	775
Yet mast’ring both, th’ Artificer of Lies
Renews th’ Assault, and his last Batt’ry tries.
Though I, said he, did ne’er in Thought offend,
How justly may my Lord suspect his Friend!
Th’ appearance is against me, I confess,	780
Who seemingly have put you in Distress:
You, if your Goodness does not plead my Cause,
May think I broke all hospitable Laws,
To bear you from your Palace-yard by Might,
And put your noble Person in a Fright:	785
This, since you take it ill, I must repent,
Though Heav’n can witness with no bad intent
I practis’d it, to make you taste your Cheer,
With double Pleasure, first prepared by fear.
So loyal Subjects often seize their Prince,	790
Forc’d (for his Good) to seeming Violence,
Yet mean his sacred Person not the least Offence.
Descend; so help me Jove as you shall find
That Reynard comes of no dissembling Kind.
Nay, quoth the Cock; but I beshrew us both,	795
If I believe a Saint upon his Oath:
An honest Man may take a Knave’s Advice,
But Idiots only will 12 be couzen’d twice:
Once warn’d is well bewar’d: No 13 flattering lies
Shall sooth me more to sing with winking Eyes,	800
And open Mouth, for fear of catching Flies.
Who Blindfold walks upon a Rivers brim,
When he should see, has he deserv’d to swim?
Better, Sir Cock, let all Contention cease,
Come down, said Reynard, let us treat of Peace.	805
A Peace with all my Soul, said Chanticleer;
But, with your Favour, I will treat it here:
And least the Truce with Treason should be mixt,
’Tis my concern to have the Tree betwixt.

THE MORAL In this plain Fable you th’ Effect may see	810
Of Negligence, and fond Credulity:
And learn besides of Flatt’rers to beware,
Then most pernicious when they speak too fair.
The Cock and Fox, the Fool and Knave imply;
The Truth is moral, though the Tale a Lie.	815
Who spoke in Parables, I dare not say;
But sure, he knew it was a pleasing way,
Sound Sense, by plain Example, to convey.
And in a Heathen Author we may find,
That Pleasure with Instruction should be join’d:	820
So take the Corn, and leave the Chaff behind.

Note 1. Text from the original and only contemporary edition, 1700. There are some very false stops in the original. [back]

Note 2. Cell] This can hardly be right. Chaucer’s word is Dale. Bell conjectured Dell, and this may be right. [back]

Note 3. Daughters] Daughter 1700, A misprint. [back]

Note 4. paynant] Dryden elsewhere uses the form poynant, and perhaps it should be restored here. [back]

Note 5. With] Warion and others wrongly give Were. [back]

Note 6. under] over 1700. A slip of the pen. [back]

Note 7. found] bound 1700. This must be a misprint. [back]

Note 8. Content] Consent 1700. [back]

Note 9. so] to 1700. [back]

Note 10. Orpheus] Orphans 1700. A ludicrous misprint. [back]

Note 11. pain’d] Derrick, Warton, and others wrongly give strain’d. [back]

Note 12. will] Christie and others give may. [back]

Note 13. No] Christie wrongly gives not. [back]

CONTENTS · BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD

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