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| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000. |
Appendix I Indo-European Roots |
| ENTRY: | reg- |
| DEFINITION: | To move in a straight line, with derivatives meaning “to direct in a straight line, lead, rule.” Oldest form * 3re -, becoming *3reg- in centum languages. Derivatives include right, realm, anorexia, rich, rule, interrogate, and reckless. I. Basic form *reg-. 1. Suffixed form *reg-to-. right, from Old English riht, right, just, correct, straight, from Germanic *rehtaz. 2. realm, rectitude, recto, rector, rectum, rectus, regent, regime, regimen, regiment, region; address, adroit, alert, correct, direct, erect, incorrigible, porrect, rectangle, rectify, rectilinear, resurge, Risorgimento, sord, source, surge, from Latin regere, to lead straight, guide, rule (past participle r  ctus, hence adjective rctus, right, straight). 3. anorectic, anorexia, from Greek oregein, to stretch out, reach out for (with o- from oldest root form *3re-).II. Lengthened-grade form *r g-, Indo-European word for a tribal king. 1a. bishopric, eldritch, from Old English r ce, realm; b. Riksmål, from Old Norse rki, realm; c. Reich; Reichsmark, from Old High German rchi, realm; d. rich, from Old English rce, strong, powerful, and Old French riche, wealthy. a–d all from Germanic *rkja-, from Celtic suffixed form *rg-yo-. 2. real2, regal, regulus, reign, rial1, riyal, royal; regicide, regius professor, vicereine, viceroy, from Latin rx, king (royal and priestly title). 3. Suffixed form *rg-en-. raj, rajah, rani, rye2; maharajah, maharani, from Sanskrit r j, rjan-, king, rajah (feminine rjñ, queen, rani), and rjati, he rules.III. Suffixed lengthened-grade form *r g-ol-. rail1, reglet, regular, regulate, rule, from Latin rgula, straight piece of wood, rod. IV. O-grade form *rog-. 1. rake1, from Old English raca, racu, rake (implement with straight pieces of wood), from Germanic *rak  . 2. rack1, from Middle Dutch rec, framework, from Germanic *rak-. 3. Possibly Germanic *rankaz (with nasal infix). rank2, from Old English ranc, straight, strong, hence haughty, overbearing. 4. reckon, from Old English gerecenian, to arrange in order, recount (ge-, collective prefix; see kom), from Germanic *rakinaz, ready, straightforward. 5. Suffixed form *rog--. rogation, rogatory; abrogate, arrogate, corvée, derogate, interrogate, prerogative, prorogue, subrogate, supererogate, from Latin rogre, to ask (< “stretch out the hand”). 6. Suffixed form *rog-o-. ergo, from Latin erg, therefore, in consequence of, perhaps contracted from a Latin phrase * rog, “from the direction of” ( < ex, out of; see eghs), from a possible Latin noun *rogus, “extension, direction.”V. Lengthened o-grade form *r g-. 1. reck, from Old English rec(c)an, to pay attention to, take care (formally influenced by Old English reccan, to extend, stretch out, from Germanic *rakjan), from Germanic *rkjan. 2. reckless, from Old English rcelas, careless (-las, lacking; see leu-), from Germanic rkja-.VI. Suffixed zero-grade form *  g-yo-. raita, from Sanskrit  jyati, he stretches out. (Pokorny 1. re- 854.) |
| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by the Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. | |
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