| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000. |
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Appendix I
Indo-European Roots |
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| ENTRY: | teu - |
| DEFINITION: | Also teu-. To swell. Oldest form *teu2-.
Derivatives include thigh, thousand, thimble, tumor, butter, and tomb.
1. Extended form *teuk-. thigh, from Old English th oh, thigh, from Germanic *theuham, “the swollen or fat part of the leg,” thigh. 2. Extended form *t s-. thousand, from Old English thsend, thousand, from Germanic compound *ths-hundi-, “swollen hundred,” thousand (*hundi-, hundred; see dek ). 3. Probably suffixed zero-grade form *tu-l-. a. thole, from Old English thol(l), oar pin, oarlock (< “a swelling”), from Germanic *thul-; b. tylectomy, tylosis1, from Greek tulos, callus, lump. 4. Extended zero-grade form *tm-. a. thimble, thumb, from Old English thma, thumb (< “the thick finger”), from Germanic *thm n-; b. suffixed (stative) form *tum--. tumescent, tumid, tumor; detumescence, intumesce, tumefacient, tumefy, from Latin tumre, to swell, be swollen, be proud; c. suffixed form *tum-olo-. tumulus, from Latin tumulus, raised heap of earth, mound. 5. Extended zero-grade form *tbh-. truffle, tuber; protuberate, from Latin tber, lump, swelling. 6. Suffixed zero-grade form *t-ro- (< *tu-ro-). a. butter, tyrosine, from Greek tros, cheese (< “a swelling,” “coagulating”); b. obturate, from Latin -tr re, to stop up, possibly from *tros, swollen, coagulated, stopped up. 7. Suffixed variant form *tw-ro-. a. sorites, sorus, from Greek sros, heap, pile; b. quark2, from Old Church Slavonic tvarog , curds, cottage cheese. 8. Suffixed variant form *tw-m . soma1, somato-, –some3; prosoma, from Greek sma, body (< “a swelling,” “stocky form”). 9. Suffixed zero-grade form *tw-wo-. creosote, soteriology, from Greek saos, ss, safe, healthy (< “swollen,” “strong”), with derivative verb szein, to save. 10. Perhaps nasalized extended form *tu-m-b(h)- (or extended zero-grade form *tum-). tomb, from Greek tumbos, barrow, tomb. (Pokorny tu- 1080.) |
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| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by the Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. |
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