| The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05. |
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| Philosophy |
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| Abano, Pietro d’ |
| Aben Ezra |
| Acosta, Uriel |
| Adelard of Bath |
| Adorno, Theodor Wiesengrund |
| Aenesidemus |
| Alain de Lille |
| Alexander, Samuel |
| Alexander of Aphrodisias |
| Alexander of Hales |
| Alfarabius |
| Aliotta, Antonio |
| Amalric of Bena |
| Anaxagoras |
| Anaximander |
| Anaximenes |
| Anderson, John |
| Antisthenes |
| Arcesilaus |
| Ardigò, Roberto |
| Areopagite |
| Aristippus |
| Aristotle |
| Austin, John Langshaw |
| Avempace |
| Averroës |
| Avicebron |
| Avicenna |
| Ayer, Sir Alfred Jules |
| Bachelard, Gaston |
| Bacon, Francis, English philosopher |
| Bacon, Roger |
| Bain, Alexander |
| Bax, Ernest Belfort |
| Bayle, Pierre |
| Bentham, Jeremy |
| Bergson, Henri |
| Berkeley, George |
| Bias, Greek sage |
| Black, Max |
| Bloch, Ernst |
| Blondel, Maurice |
| Boethius |
| Boetius |
| Bosanquet, Bernard |
| Bowne, Borden Parker |
| Bradley, Francis Herbert |
| Brentano, Franz |
| Bruno, Giordano |
| Brunschvicg, Léon |
| Buber, Martin |
| Buridan, Jean |
| Campanella, Tommaso |
| Carnap, Rudolf |
| Carneades |
| Carpocrates |
| Carus, Paul |
| Cassirer, Ernst |
| Celsus |
| Chaadayev, Piotr Yakovlevich |
| Champeaux, William of |
| Chrysippus |
| Clarke, Samuel |
| Cleanthes |
| Cohen, Hermann |
| Cohen, Morris Raphael |
| Collingwood, Robin George |
| Comte, Auguste |
| Condillac, Étienne Bonnot de |
| Croce, Benedetto |
| Crusius, Christian August |
| Cudworth, Ralph |
| Cumberland, Richard, 1631–1718, English philosopher |
| Davidson, Donald |
| Democritus |
| Derrida, Jacques |
| Descartes, René |
| Dessoir, Max |
| Dewey, John |
| Dilthey, Wilhelm |
| Diogenes |
| Diogenes Laërtius |
| Diogenes of Apollonia |
| Driesch, Hans Adolf Eduard |
| Drobisch, Moritz Wilhelm |
| Empedocles |
| Epictetus |
| Epicurus |
| Erasmus |
| Eubulides |
| Eucken, Rudolf Christoph |
| Euclid of Megara |
| Euhemerus |
| Eunapius |
| Farabi, al- |
| Ferguson, Adam |
| Ferrier, James Frederick |
| Feuerbach, Ludwig Andreas |
| Feyjóo y Montenegro, Benito Gerónimo |
| Fichte, Johann Gottlieb |
| Ficino, Marsilio |
| Fludd, Robert |
| Foucault, Michel |
| Fouillée, Alfred Jules Emile |
| Frankel, Charles |
| Frege, Gottlob |
| Gabirol |
| Gadamer, Hans-Georg |
| Gemistus Pletho, Georgius |
| Genovesi, Antonio |
| Gentile, Giovanni |
| Gershon, Levi ben |
| Geulincx, Arnold |
| Ghazali, al- |
| Gilbert de la Porrée |
| Gilson, Étienne |
| Glanvill, Joseph |
| Goodman, Nelson |
| Gorgias |
| Green, Thomas Hill |
| Habermas, Jürgen |
| Hägerstrom, Axel |
| Hales, Alexander of |
| Halevy, Judah |
| Hamilton, Sir William, Scottish philosopher |
| Hampshire, Sir Stuart Newton |
| Hartmann, Eduard von |
| Hartmann, Nicolai |
| Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich |
| Heidegger, Martin |
| Helvétius, Claude Adrien |
| Heraclitus |
| Herbart, Johann Friedrich |
| Hobbes, Thomas |
| Hocking, William Ernest |
| Høffding, Harald |
| Holbach, Paul Henri Thiry, baron d’ |
| Hook, Sidney |
| Horkheimer, Max |
| Hui Shih |
| Hume, David |
| Husserl, Edmund |
| Hutcheson, Francis |
| Hypatia |
| Iamblichus |
| Ibn Bajja |
| Ibn Rushd |
| Ibn Sina |
| Ibn Tufayl |
| Jacobi, Friedrich Heinrich |
| Jamblichus |
| James, Henry, American student of religion and social problems |
| James, William |
| Jaspers, Karl |
| Joad, Cyril Edwin Mitchinson |
| Johnson, Alexander Bryan |
| Joubert, Joseph |
| Jouffroy, Théodore Simon |
| Kant, Immanuel |
| Kierkegaard, Søren |
| Kilpatrick, William Heard |
| Kindi, al- |
| Kolakowski, Leszek |
| Laërtius, Diogenes |
| La Mettrie, Julien Offray de |
| Lange, Friedrich Albert |
| Langer, Susanne Knauth |
| Lao Tzu |
| Lavater, Johann Kaspar |
| Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, Baron von |
| Leucippus |
| Levi ben Gershon |
| Lewis, Clarence Irving |
| Locke, John |
| Longinus, c.213–273, Greek rhetorician and philosopher |
| Lotze, Rudolf Hermann |
| Lovejoy, Arthur Oncken |
| Lull, Ramón |
| Lully, Raymond |
| McCosh, James |
| MacIntyre, Alasdair C. |
| McTaggart, John McTaggart Ellis |
| Maimon, Salomon |
| Maine de Biran |
| Malebranche, Nicolas |
| Mansel, Henry Longueville |
| Marcel, Gabriel |
| Maritain, Jacques |
| Martineau, James |
| Mead, George Herbert |
| Mendelssohn, Moses |
| Merleau-Ponty, Maurice |
| Mill, James |
| Mill, John Stuart |
| Millar, John |
| Mirandola, Giovanni Pico della |
| Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat, baron de la Brède et de |
| Moore, George |
| Moore, George Edward |
| More, Henry |
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| | | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright © 2002 Columbia University Press |
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