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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition.  2001-07.
 
Ledóchowski, Count Mieczisaw
 
 
(mychs´läf ldkhôf´sk) (KEY) , 1822–1902, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, b. Russian Poland. He became (1865) archbishop of Gniezno and Pozna (then in Prussian Poland). When the Prussian government, opening the Kulturkampf, forbade the use of Polish in instruction in Pozna, Ledóchowski ignored the order and was jailed in 1874. In March the pope created him a cardinal, and in April the government declared him deposed. In 1875, Ledóchowski was released and banished and thereafter ruled his see from Rome. He resigned in 1885.
 
 
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright © 2007 Columbia University Press.

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