1) violin. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...The instruments of the violin family have been the dominant bowed instruments because of their versatility, brilliance, and balance of tone, and their wide dynamic...
2) viol. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...The viol's early history is indefinite, but it is recognizable in depictions from as early as the 11th cent. During the second half of the 17th cent. it lost its...
3) Slatkin, Leonard. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...Raised in a musical family, he studied violin, viola, piano, and composition. He was conductor of the New Orleans Philarmonic (1977-79) and then of the St. Louis...
4) Amati. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...Italian family of violinmakers of Cremona. The founder of the Cremona school was Andrea Amati (c.1520-c.1578), whose earliest violins date from c.1564. His labels...
5) lyre. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...The strings are stretched between the crossbar and the sound box and are plucked with the fingers or with a plectrum. In ancient times Sumer, Babylonia, Israel, and...
6) Guarneri. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...The first craftsman of the family was Andrea Guarneri, c.1626-1698, a pupil of Niccolo Amati. He designed and built his instruments in the Amati fashion. Andrea's...
7) Strauss. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...Johann Strauss, 1804-49, learned to play the violin against his parents' wishes. In 1819 he joined the dance orchestra of Josef Lanner (1801-43), whom he later rivaled....
8) klezmer. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...Eastern European Jewish community. The style had its beginnings in the Middle Ages; its name is a Yiddishized version of the Hebrew klei zemir [instruments of song]...
9) orchestra and orchestration. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...Western music from the 18th to the 20th cent. Orchestration is the scoring of a piece of music so that it can be played by specific instruments. 1 Instruments of...
10) brazilwood. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...Leguminosae (pulse family) whose wood yields a red dye. The dye has largely been replaced by synthetic dyes for fabrics, but it is still used in high-quality red...
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