2) Ashgabat. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
...The capital of Turkmenistan, in the south-central part of the country near the border of Iran. It was founded as a fortress in 1881. A major earthquake in 1948 virtually...

3) Ashkhabad. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...Ashkhabad, see Ashgabat, Turkmenistan....

4) Ashkhabad. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
...See Ashgabat....

5) Annau. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...Annau, or Anau (both: nou´) (KEY) , village, in S Turkmenistan, 5 mi (8 km) SE of Ashgabat, near the Iranian border. At Annau, Raphael Pumpelly discovered (1903)...

6) Turkmenistan. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...in the east and northeast, Kazakhstan in the northwest, and the Caspian Sea in the west. Ashgabat (Ashkhabad) is its capital and largest city. 1 Land, People, and...

7) Trans-Caspian Railroad. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...cent., the line begins at Turkmenbashi (Krasnovodsk) on the Caspian Sea and passes through Ashgabat, Bukhara, Samarkand, and Tashkent. There are branches to the Fergana...

8) Kara Kum. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...water from the Amu Darya at Kelif westward across the desert to Mary and ultimately to Ashgabat, a distance of c.500 mi (800 km). The canal water permits irrigated...

9) Turkmenistan. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000.
...Turkmenistan declared its independence in 1991 following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Ashgabat is the capital and the largest city. Population: 4,010,000....

10) Turkmenistan. The World Factbook. 2003
...Soviet Socialist Republic local short form: TurkmenistanGovernment type:republicCapital:AshgabatAdministrative divisions:5 provinces (welayatlar, singular - welayat):...