2) Ghana, former empire, Africa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...of what is now E Senegal, SW Mali, and S Mauritania. The empire was founded c.6th cent. by Soninke peoples and lay astride the trans-Saharan caravan routes. Its capital...

3) 2. Regions, 500-1000. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
...the Sahara raided the sedentary societies of the sahel. Nomadic incursions encouraged the Soninke to adopt a more complex sociopolitical organization. They formed...

4) 3. Hausaland. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
...and undertook campaigns both within and beyond the borders of Hausaland. 2 1300-1400 Soninke merchants of the Malian Empire pushed the commercial frontier eastward,...

5) Mauritania. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...called Moors, Maurs, or Maures. The remainder of the population mostly belong to the Tukolor, Soninke, Bambara, and Wolof ethnic groups and live as sedentary agriculturalists...

6) Gambia, The, country, Africa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...Malinke (Mandinka) is the largest, followed by the Fulani (Fula), Wolof, Diola (Jola), and Soninke (Serahuli). Almost a tenth of the population is Christian. English...

7) Senegal, country, Africa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
...and Ziguinchor. 2 PeopleThe chief ethnic groups are the Wolof, Fulani, Serer, Tukolor, Soninke, Malinke, and Diola. There are small numbers of Berbers, Europeans...

8) 3. Historical Trends, 1000-1500. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
...decline of the first West African Empire. The sack of Kumbi-Saleh led to a dispersion of Soninke chiefs, princes, and merchants that stimulated state formation elsewhere...

9) Mauritania. The World Factbook. 2003
...Maur 30%, black 30%Religions:Muslim 100%Languages:Hassaniya Arabic (official), Pulaar, Soninke, Wolof (official), FrenchLiteracy:definition: age 15 and over can read...

10) Mali. The World Factbook. 2003
...Malian(s) adjective: MalianEthnic groups:Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%Religions:Muslim 90%,...