Biodiversity & Phylogeny Trees_ Animals (2)

Draw a phylogenythat accurately portrays the evolutionary relationships among the organisms listed.  Each organism listed should be at the tip of a branch on the tree.  Use the internet to discover what type of organisms they are, and refer to the textbook and course notes as you determine the relationships among these organisms. Label the phylogeny with each of the 6 species listed and write on the tree where the following derived traits evolved: specialized tissues, radial symmetry, bilateral symmetry, deuterostomy, protostomy, and ecdysozoan cuticle (the need for an animal to molt in order to grow).  Anthopleura xanthogrammica       Giant Green Anemone Chondrocladia lyra. harp sponge Diadema antillarum  black sea urchin Euphasia superba. Antarctic krill Phrynosoma cornutum.  horny toad Taenia saginata. beef tapeworm

Which best describes traditional classification? *         a. It is based on shared characteristics.       b. It is based on evolutionary relationships.       c. It is called phylogenetic classification.       d. It is called cladistics 2. Circle the letter of each sentence that is true about evolutionary relationship of organisms? *         a. DNA evidence shows that the giant pandas are more closely related to raccoons than bears.       b. Scientist infer that the species with similar body structure and development patterns inherited many of the same genes from acommon ancestor.a       c. Scientist never have to change their hypotheses about species relationships.       d. Scientist can compare protein structure to determine how closely two species are related .

Define the following terms: phylogeny phenetics cladistics phylogenetic tree clade cladogram phenogram phylogenetic divergence

Using the taxonomic categories (domain, kingdom, ...etc), compare the taxonomic classification of humans and pigs. Compare and contrast on each level and describe the similarities or differences at each level using the table below.       Similarity/Difference Domain       Kingdom       Phylum       Class       Order       Family        Genus        Species

Create a document with a list of the 8 levels of the taxonomic classification system. Research one organism from each of the following categories: bacteria, fungi, plant, fish, amphibian, reptile, bird, and mammal. Fill in the correct scientific name for each of the taxonomic levels beginning at domain. Compare and contrast the taxonomic profile of the organisms in the document below your list. How would you identify which organisms have more characteristics in common? Create a phylogenetic tree of the organisms that you selected.

Carolus Linnaeus contributed to the system of binomial nomenclature? True or false The generic name of a species is also called specific epithet? True or False

Define the following terms in your own words: Taxonomy Classification Description Hierarchy Identification Nomenclature Systematics Phylogeny Character Analogous character Homologous character Character state Clade Cladogram

Choose 1 organism below and propose a method of fossilization that most appropriately matches the process needed to preserve the organism. Be sure to include the name of the organism you chose, the fossilization method or type of fossil that would form, and describe the fossilization process for that particular method/type. Organism 1 - A bird's footprints Organism 2 - A section of a tree trunk Organism 3 - An entire bee Organism 4 - The shell of a nautilus (a present-day sea animal similar to an extinct ammonite) Organism 5 - An entire polar bear

Choose the words that make the sentence most accurate. When reconstructing phylogenies, you should use ___________ traits because they are _______________.   a. homologous; similar due to common ancestry.   b. homoplastic; similar due to common ancestry.   c. homoplastic; similar due to environmental constraints.   d. homologous; similar due to environmental constraints.

Please create an essay about "Why do biologists care about phylogenies?" at least 3 paragraphs

What would be a complete phylogeny with traits? Attached is the format for the phylogeny tree.

Define the following terms in your own words: Nomenclature Systematics Phylogeny Character Analogous character

What do common names convey? Casual usage Accurate reflection of the organisms they signify The same thing across all languages Binomial Nomenclature The most accurate way to describe the animal

What type of features do you feel should be used to classify humans as a species? please answer shoert sentences only

Define the following terms: cladistics phylogenetic tree clade cladogram phenogram phylogenetic divergence synapomorphy

When using a cladistic approach to systematics, which of the following is considered most important for the formation of a taxon?   Question 26 options:   polyphyletic characters   shared derived characters   overall phenotypic similarity   analogous characters

Structures shared by species because of descent from a common ancestor is referred to as... Group of answer choices homology cladistics analogy homoplasy taxonomy

A scientist has developed 3 different phylogenies that describe the relationships between different species of elephants. In Phylogeny A, there are 4 total changes that resulted in 4 different species. In Phylogenies B and C, there are still 4 total species represented, however, they take 6 and 8 changes, respectively, to create them. Which phylogeny is probably correct? a.)Phylogeny A b.)Phylogeny B c.)Phylogeny C d.)All of the above, given every clade contains the same organisms

You are working in the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) as a junior scientist. You have discovered new species of flora in Palawan tropical forest. How do you properly write the scientific name using binomial nomenclature of the new species? Elaborate your answer.

Define the following terms: -phenetics -cladistics -phylogenetic tree -clade -cladogram -phenogram -phylogenetic divergence

Using the terms listed below, answer all the parts to this question regarding the cladogram for the frogs Anatomy of a Cladogram Sympleisiomorphies—shared ancestral states Synapomorphies—shared, derived character states Autapomorphies—unique, derived character states Homoplasies—the result of parallel or convergent evolution where 2 or more organisms independently acquire the same character state (could be the result of a reversal—when, in a particular lineage, a character reverts from a derived back to an ancestral state). Similarity in appearance, but not origin. Monophyletic group—group of all descendants of a common ancestor Paraphyletic group—group of some, but not all, descendants of a common ancestor Polyphyletic group – group of individuals that descend from more than one common ancestor Polytomy—3 or more taxa emerging from a single node who do not share the most common ancestor Homologies—Similarities resulting from descent from a common ancestor Analogies - Similarities…

Using the terms listed below, answer all the parts to this question regarding the cladogram for the frogs Anatomy of a Cladogram Sympleisiomorphies—shared ancestral states Synapomorphies—shared, derived character states Autapomorphies—unique, derived character states Homoplasies—the result of parallel or convergent evolution where 2 or more organisms independently acquire the same character state (could be the result of a reversal—when, in a particular lineage, a character reverts from a derived back to an ancestral state). Similarity in appearance, but not origin. Monophyletic group—group of all descendants of a common ancestor Paraphyletic group—group of some, but not all, descendants of a common ancestor Polyphyletic group – group of individuals that descend from more than one common ancestor Polytomy—3 or more taxa emerging from a single node who do not share the most common ancestor Homologies—Similarities resulting from descent from a common ancestor Analogies - Similarities…

Circle and label the latest common ancestor between taxon A and E in your tree above.

In the evolutionary tree below, which of the five nodes corresponds to the most recent common ancestor of sea stars and yeast? A. node A B. node B C. node C D. node D E. node E   I need help please!!!!

Which of the following concepts applies to both sexual and asexual species? Select all that apply.   Question 29 options:   Linnean species concept   Phylogenetic species concept   Fossil species concept   Biological species concept   Morphological species concep

Concept Map: Complete the attached Systematics Concept Map. Type your answer on each level in the space provided. Be sure to include your name; save the file to your computer, Requirements Levels and Key Terms: Levels and Key Terms LevelTerms Level I:Systematics Level II:Phylogeny Biological diversity Level IIITaxonomy Cladistic analysis Level IV:Identification of species Shared primitive characters Classification of species Dichotomously branching phylogenetic tree Shared derived characters Level V:Binomial Genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom Homologous similarities Relative time of origin Fossil records Outgroup comparison Clade Degree of divergence Level VI:Molecular comparisons (DNA, protein) Genus and species Morphology Fossils, DNA, and protein comparisons

For novice biologists, taxonomy and phylogenetics are difficult concepts to understand and keep separate. This confusion is made worse because modern taxonomic methods make use of molecular tools. Write an essay that contrasts taxonomy to phylogenetics and explain how both disciplines are important to our understanding of species and evolution. Your essay should include a description of taxonomy and phylogenetics, as well as a detailed explanation about how information is represented in a phylogenetic tree or a cladogram.

Define the following terms in your own words: Homologous character Character state Clade Cladogram

Which trait(s) shown on the phylogeny are ancestral for the organisms shown? Select all correct answers. 1. 2 2. trait 9 3. trait 11 4. 3 5. 1 6. trait 10

Give a long explanation ( minimum of 20 sentences) with examples why taxonomist are revising certain groups of taxa. I SAID FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTION, MINIMUM OF 20 SENTENCES.

Construct a character matrix with at least five characters for organisms beetle, pigeon, perch, salamander, and a mouse. (Pay attention to eyes, legs, number legs, antennae, body type/form; not limited to here).  Then construct a phylogenetic tree using the character matrix and map the synapomorphies.

Give your own definition of each word below. 1.Taxonomy 2. Taxonomic Hierarchy 3.Systema Naturae 4.Binomial Numenclature 5.Phylogeny

Write in the table the Milestones in the Field of Fish Science. Milestones in the Field of Fish Science DATE MAJOR EVENT Notes on the event(may also includeminor events)  NOTABLE PERSONS INVOLVED e.g. 1707-1778 BinomialNomenclaturecreated Starting point offormal nomenclature Carl Linnaeus