lab 6 assignment

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2040

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Schemas are an individual’s firmly held ‘core beliefs’ about the world, themselves and others that are carried throughout life (Riso et al. 2006 ; Young et al. 2006 ). Author/ Date Mechanis m Construct / Variable Outcome Construc t/ Variable Are the authors testing the hypothesi s that mechanis m → disorder symptom s? Are the authors testing the hypothesi s that people with vs. without the disorder differ on the mechanis m? Findings Bortolon et al. (2013) Early maladaptive schemas/ Schizophreni a diagnosis Yes Yes Results showed that, after controlling for depression, patients with schizophrenia achieved higher scores than control subjects on six EMSs. The EMSs were associated with positive, but not negative, symptomatolog y.

Evaluating Research Designs in Two Articles of Your Choice Aut hor & Dat e What is the predict or or indepe ndent variabl e? What is the outcome or depende nt variable ? Is the design: Experimenta l or Correlational / Observationa l? What sentenc e(s) told you the type of the design that was used? What did the authors do to assess the effects of the predictor/ independen t variables? What was the outcome of the study: What was the relation between the predictor/IV and the outcome/DV? Bort olon et al. (201 3) Schizop hrenia diagnosi s Early maladapti ve schemas Correlational A sample of 48 patients diagnosed with schizophr enia and 44 control participan ts answered the schema questionn aire short form's French validation , and were assessed with the positive and negative syndrome scale as well as a scale of depressio n symptom atology. The Young schema questionnaire short form (SQ- SF) , The positive and negative syndrome sale (PANSS), The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) Results showed that, after controlling for depression, patients with schizophrenia achieved higher scores than control subjects on six EMSs. The EMSs were associated with positive, but not negative, symptomatology.

The aim of the study by Bortolon et al. (2013) was to test the hypothesis that early maladaptive schemas was related to schizophrenia. Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) were measured using the Young Schema Questionnaire Short Form. Schizophrenia was measured using, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The authors tested the hypothesis in a sample containing 48 patients with schizophrenia that fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia and the control group included 44 healthy participants. A correlational study design was used . The authors found that after controlling for depression, the patients with schizophrenia got higher scores than the healthy control group on six out of 15 EMSs. The EMSs that were higher were associated with positive symptoms, but not negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Evaluating Research Designs in Two Articles of Your Choice Author & Date What is the predictor or independe nt variable? What is the outcome or dependen t variable? Is the design: Experimental or Correlational/ Observational? What sentence(s) told you the type of the design that was used? What did the authors do to assess the effects of the predictor/ independent variables? What was the outcome of the study: What was the relation between the predictor/IV and the outcome/DV? Khosravani et al., (2019) (C-b) Early maladapti ve schemas positive and negative symptoms of psychosi Correlational We applied three groups of participants including SZ patients (n = 105), non- patients with low schizotypal traits (n = 90), and non- patients with high schizotypal traits (n = 90). Participants completed the Young Schema Questionnai re-Short Form (YSQ- SF), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Schizotypal Personality Scale (STA), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Schizotypal Personality Scale (STA), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). The results indicated that the mistrust/abuse and social isolation schemas were significant predictors of positive and negative symptoms in SZ patients respectively. SZ patients and non- patients with high schizotypal traits exceeded non-patients with low schizotypal traits on all EMSs. There were no di ff erences between SZ pa- tients and non- patients with high schizotypal traits regarding EMSs. In the subgroups with high depression, SZ patients showed higher levels of EMSs than non-patients with low and high schizotypal traits. In the subgroups with low depression, both SZ patients and non-patients with high schizotypal traits had higher scores on EMSs than non- patients with low schizotypal traits.

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