How Linguistic Ethnographers Blommaert And. Borba Conceptualize Ethnographic Research?

The article ‘My Two Lives’ which that highlights the concept of ‘Language and Society’ published by the Newsweek, inspires this task. Language is both a system of communication between individuals and a social phenomenon. The area of language and society, sociolinguistics, is intended to show how such factors as class, gender, race, and more govern our use of language. In short, language constitutes humans and their identities. All people either utilize varieties of a language or use two or more languages to respond to a whole range of affective and interpersonal demands; language by depiction must be defined as multilingualism.

Thesis: All three authors portray the voice of many people, who, on a daily basis, are underprivileged of speaking their own language, thus, emphasizing onto the lives of linguistic minority students around the world and how they struggle to cope in school and at home.

Scholar, Gloria Anzaldúa, in her narrative essay, “How To Tame A Wild Tongue’, speaks her many experiences on being pressured on what language to use. She then expresses how the discrimination made her to realize the ugly truth--that people reject languages that aren’t their own. She adopts logos, ethos and pathos in order to appeal toward her audience who is anyone who is not bilingual. One of the perspectives she takes on in her piece clearly expresses the relationship between language and identity and how it creates a conflict between her and the world.

This is essential in asserting the author’s creditability. This quotation explains about the fact that digital technology is effective in rekindling dying languages and scripts such as N’Ko. The story of Traore’s personal experience allows the essay to be more compelling as it helps to make Traore’s story more relatable and credible to the average audience, and awards the readers with an intriguing piece of writing. Rosenberg’s approach of using real life examples works because her audience wants to hear firsthand accounts of other cultures that have either dealt or are dealing with the issue of preserving their indigenous language. She uses the story of Traore to raise interest among audience regarding this topic. By the use of anecdotes, Rosenberg makes Traore’s story more relatable and credible to her audience of linguistic minorities.

In the same manner as James Baldwin, I defend language to be a political instrument and the most crucial key to identity, in most cases. Language expresses the identity of the human; thus, connecting local and widespread communities. First impressions depict one’s identity among a group, from the moment one opens their mouth, their language outputs an impression in as short as seven seconds.

The essay is chiefly about the writer 's own rumination and judgment about how "broken English" compared to Standard English. Moreover it came to her sense that language not only "authorizes" individuals to participate as members of a designated community, it is also a essential key in enabling individuals to establish and define the dimensions of their identity. Though a lover of language and an erudite lover of language she is, she has never recognized this concept until she realized that she has never appeared eloquent and rhetoric in front of her mother.

In the world, most societies, fermented food, beverages and condiments have a unique place because of their economic and cultural value and for the development of fermentation technologies that deeply rooted in their history. Indeed, gathering Africa's wild-cereal grains were probably the oldest tradition for the organized food production and had found anywhere in the world (Ruskin, 1993). The archaeological (McGovern, 1997), Ethnographic studies and historical documents (Haaland, 2007) evidenced for the beginnings of fermentation in Africa had consanguineous to ceramics, cattle and cereal domestication. In addition, the African pottery appeared around 2000 years earlier than cultivated cereals (Haaland, 2007).

As a follow-up to our pragmatic stance, we wanted to analyze our observations from the phenomena which are occurring in context (Streubert and Carpenter, 1999) by relying on abduction, a reasoning approach that is suita-ble when we begin with an insufficient set of observations and proceeds to the most plausible explanation. As a scientific research method, abduction is about using prior knowledge and field evidence to make conjectures and to stress them against observations and experimentation but also to rely on the researcher’s ‘instinct’ . To apprehend time in action and in its full complexity, this strategy of inquiries which assumes that the researcher is implicated in the phenomenon being studied, encourage us to focus on the detailed examination of individual lived experience and the ways in which they make sense of that experience, and how they interpret phenomena by looking at multiple perspectives with an insider’s viewpoint. Studying these different

As I looked over the crime information, they did a really good job by making it a hard case for us to pick out information. By that I mean that the female did not have any type of identification on her. Something that caught my eye too was that they took her finger prints to identify her but unless she had a criminal record or used her finger prints for employment then they would not be able to identify her. I will start off by saying that she was found on a September morning in 2004 near by the bank of the Cumberland River close to the LP field. The information where it states that where she was covered with leaves, grass and twigs, was there a specific positon she was put in when she was found? Exactly where was she covered with leaves, grass and twigs? She was found laying on her back, nude. She had gray stockings around her neck. She also had a ring on one of her fingers but it does not tell us which finger so we don’t know if she was married or not. Maybe the killer put it on her before he left her. It also states that when she was found the people who found her went and alerted the authority. Were there any witnesses? Any suspicious activity around the place she was found at? She recently died so we should ask people if they were around that place the night before, during the night or early in

Ethnographies are the interpretations which are contoured by the personal thoughts, ideals, experiences and the situation and setting by which the ethnographer was situated. This setting is an ever changing mix of relations and actions; socially, mentally and physically, which have an effect on the ethnographer, society, history and the idea of culture. These ethnographers serve as both anthropologists and historians.

Bourdieu considers that, as race, gender is socially constructed (Bourdieu, 1982). Moreover, gender is also discursively constructed. According to Bucholtz, and Hall (2005), social gender is assigned every time that a speaker assign a social gender to other human being. These authors say: “ It is the constant iteration of such practices that cumulatively produces not only each individual's gender identity, but gender itself as a socially meaningful system” (p. 590). In this vein, Bourdieu (1982) posits that utterances are not just signs to be deciphered; rather, they are symbolic representations of signs of wealth and authority that are “meant to be believed and obeyed” (p. 68). Thus, the construction of the female as gender relies in a set

In Bourdieu’s words, “The use of language…depends on the social position of the speaker;” and in effect, the authority of language “comes to language from outside.” The “outside” is created from social conditions fraught with language games. Bourdieu argues that speaking is inseparable from the distribution of power in a society, and the distribution power in society is unequal. Hence, there is difficulty for neutrality. The analysis of language games involves an awareness of social classes and the relative social position of speakers. The institutionalized social relations of speaking establish who is authorized to speak and recognized as such by others. Bourdieu goes on to identify an inverse relation

Traditional definitions of language have often categorised creative activity in the ‘canonical’ literary uses we see in artistic works. However, contemporary definitions no longer confine creativity with language to the work of the novelist or poet. It is a well argued point that the seeds of such literary language reside in what may be described, as the mundane, practical uses of ‘everyday’ talk and writing. This shift in opinion and approach to language study may be largely attributed to the work of Mikhail Bakhtin, who developed a social theory of language. Bakhtin’s main argument was that there should

The relationship between language, discourse and society requires consideration of a range of relationships, such as the relationship of language with authority, ideology and culture, and the introduction of a range of theoretical levels and cognitive problems, such as the origin of language and the authority of language and authoritarianism, and the distinction linguistics establishes between language, speech, Internal and external linguistics, etc., as well as the consideration of some of the epistemological issues raised by this relationship within the field of knowledge that tries to strive to establish its methods and concepts and issues, namely the social linguistics and / or social linguistics, which raises difficulties Not least is the issue, which is still the subject of disagreement between Sunni and sociologists about the social nature of language.

Part of the innovative character of the project is that it does not merely focus on texts produced by the French colonisers or the Caldoche politicians, it also includes the perspective of the formerly colonised and discriminated minority population. The samples selected for the study feature several different genres and registers and include interviews, public letters, a political speech, responses to an online questionnaire and poetry, as expressed in various French registers. Adequate contextualisation of the discourse uttered by the interlocutors is provided to disclose how discursive formations are historically transmitted and to reveal various linguistic patterns in the discourse that may be linked to underlying ideologies or constructions of shared knowledge. It is exactly this realisation of incongruent value systems that ought to propel French political action towards a policy of cultural recognition and a long overdue acknowledgement of the Kanak right to self-determination.