The Logical Fallacies

A fallacy is defined as a kind of error in reasoning. They can be persuasive and be created both unintentionally and intentionally in order to deceive others from the truth. Fallacies often indicate a false belief or cause of a false belief (dowden, 2006). An argument or situation commits a fallacy when the reasons offered do not support the conclusion. This defeats the purpose of the argument since its point is to give reason to support the conclusion. Fallacies affect the outcome of our everyday decision making process. There are three types of logical fallacies discussed in this paper along with the importance of utilizing critical thinking skills.

The one that sticks out personally to me is Appeal to Authority, Ancient Wisdom, and Red Herring. Appeal to Authority consist of giving credibility based on a degree and schooling. For instance, someone in a white such as a doctor; people will assume since they are educated they know what they are talking about but they are not always right. Ancient Wisdom is a big NO! there is no way that ancient had a better understand or the tools compared to today’s science. Red Herring is the distraction from logical evidence such as conspiracy theories. Red Herring tends to distract people from an actual important topic.

three logical fallacies that are used in this paper are Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc, Far-Fetched Hypothesis, and False Dilemma. What is a fallacy? A fallacy is viewed as an error in reasoning. To be more exact, a fallacy is an "argument" in which the premises given for the conclusion do not provide the needed degree of support. A logical fallacy is an error in logical argument which is independent of the truth of the premises. When there is a fallacy in an argument it is said to be invalid. The presence of a logical fallacy in an argument does not necessarily imply anything about the argument's premises or its conclusion. Both may actually be true, but the argument is still invalid because the conclusion does not follow.

| Demonstrates solid understanding of the concept of reasoning fallacies and identifies the most important fallacies in the argument by name and discusses their

The Purdue Owl article, Logical Fallacies, provides a simple classification, “Fallacies can be either illegitimate arguments or irrelevant points” (Weber). From my understanding illegitimate argument Logical Fallacies rely on faulty evidence or misrepresented evidence to support

Red herring is a tactic an individual may use to distract from the real problem or issue occurring. One example of this is when Brock’s father exclaims how wonderful Brock is and his academics are outstanding. He goes into discuss a memory of him and Brock together, studying for a spelling test he takes every Friday. On their way to school, they would practice spelling words.

I enjoyed your post and can relate to the use of logical fallacies that parents tend to use. I myself will use logically fallacies to try and persuade my children to do what I ask them to do. My mother also would tell me that if I went to bed with wet hair that I would get sick. As a child, I never questioned what my mother said it had to be true because she said it. As you grow you learn that there is no correlation between wet hair and a cold or flu. A virus is the only way someone can contract a cold or flu. As you stated there can be a chance that a person is becoming sick from a virus and goes to bed with wet hair and wakes up feeling sick. But there is no scientific evidence supporting wet and a cold. Another fallacy that is present in

“The Blue Cross” by G.K. Chesterton demonstrated how two people with opposing beliefs can use different types of inductive logic, while either applying or avoiding particular fallacies, to aid each other in coming to a unified conclusion. In doing so, each of these people's own distinct quirky traits and respective personalities became increasingly evident.

Most career politicians have mastered the red herring technique, that is to say; they appeal to emotion of a receiver in order to distract from a main issue and in turn manipulate sentiment into order to persuade the outcome of a topic without providing factual evidence.

A red herring is when you drift off from the main idea of the argument to impose your own points, to distract readers from the main point and bring about a false conclusion. The focus here is Severus Snape and how he was unfairly treated throughout his childhood, but you keep bringing it on James Potter, Sirius Black and Remus Lupin.

The use of logical fallacies is directly connected to the “Idol of the Cave,” where the individual believe in false notion based off their background and relationships amongst one another. Indirectly stating how individuals’ personal understanding was influenced by others and criticizing, exemplifies how he had the ability to agree with the ideal of the “Idols of the Cave” through this understanding of how influential of

Currently, the Presidency of the United States is coming close to the final and whoever gets elected president is an accomplished liar. Both of Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump are using the political skills to argue because their major party candidates for president have to appear to be fully qualified to occupy the Oval Office. After watching of these videos of both Hillary and Trump’s speech, in my opinion, I analyze three types of informal fallacies from their speeches such as argument against the person, hasty generalization, and appeal to people; especially, appeal to vanity.

Have you ever wondered if something is actually making you genuinely laugh or if it is just always laughed at so you feel like you must laugh at at? Sometimes people are so accustomed to the things around them that they are just going through the motions. Now fallacies are common errors within reasoning that will ruin the logic of your argument. They can be either illegitimate arguments or irrelevant points, and are often identified because they lack evidence that supports their claim. Have you ever jumped on the band wagon about something? Whether it be sports, an argument, or even bickering with a loved one. You side with someone even though you may not have all of the knowledge you should have befor putting up a fight.

c. Errors in logic, or fallacies, can make an argument appear weak and unconvincing. Read about good arguments versus fallacies, and complete the five exercises. Then write two syllogisms of your own that are based on fallacies, and explain their logical errors. You might choose from these fallacies: validity problem, post hoc, slippery slope, straw man, inconsistency, begging the question, false dilemma, non sequitur, and ad hominem.

The use of invalid or otherwise faulty reasoning, or “wrong moves” in the construction of an argument are a fallacy. In a fallacious argument there might a deceptive by appearing to be better than it really is (Google). The two politicians debates, I decided to analyze were democrat Pat Quinn and republican Bruce Rauner. In these debates, I will be focusing on the fallacies that are used with what each politician is arguing. In political debates, each opponent will always use prepped material to make the other side look unsatisfactory, to earn another winning vote. Politics are won by lies, promises that are never achieved, and issues that will always remain unfixed.