Despite having numerous powerful women leaders throughout Chinese history, China has been a traditionally patriarchal society. A society where women have long been charged with upholding society’s values in their roles as wives and mothers. However, radical changes in China’s political, economic and social structures have changed the expected values of women from the imperial period to the Communist revolution to the modern day. This paper aims to examine how these changes in the political, economic and familial structures simultaneously gave rise to feminism in China and stifled it. I will first give a brief overview of the history of the role of women over the imperial period to the communist revolution to the modern day Chinese society. I will also break down the political, economic, and social factors that both shaped and stifled feminism. Finally, I will examine the challenges modern Chinese women still face.
Throughout the imperial period and into the beginning of the twentieth century, the relationship among family members was prescribed by Confucian teachings (Jiling . The esteemed philosopher sought order in the ancient ties within a family and codifies the position of the male patriarch as the ultimate authority for the family unit. All family members must be subservient to the eldest male, while women, in traditional Chinese society, had their status set at birth.
Sons were cherished additions to a family, not only for their physical and economic ability to
Over a span of several decades, Wu Zetian inalterably changed life in China for woman as well the clergy and the poor. By doing so, she left a perpetual footprint on China’s long history that transcends the mere fact that she was the first woman to rule the “Red Dragon”.
“ The belief that women were inherently inferior in intelligence, strength, and character was so persuasive that for men like Knox, a woman ruler was almost a contradiction in terms” (“Documents for Chapters 5&6”). In the 16th century, women were looked upon as a gender that should stay in the house and work, not have power and rule over a country. Discussing the govern of Queens during the 16th century, such as Mary Tudor, Lady Jane Grey, Mary, Queen of Scots, and Elizabeth I, allowed prejudices to be lessened but never completely be erased. No matter how these four notable ladies came into power, the accomplishments they overcame, achieved and wrote about proved to be great and substantial in making history as it is written today.
In Ancient China the father of the woman decided who that his daughter would marry. There was no agreement between the two fathers. The father would talk with an astrologer who had a birth chart on every child. By looking at the time and date of their births he would then decide whether or not they would be compatible for one another. The father when then make the decision whether they would marry, the daughter’s thoughts and opinion’s did not count.(9) The woman was required to be completely devoted to her husband. After the marriage a Chinese women was expected to bow to her new in-laws and offer them tea. This showed them that she now belonged to her husband’s family. It was required of her to obey her new
Relevance of the topic is that today the interest in the culture of Asian countries, including China grows and so does the number of works related to the history and way of lifestyle of the Chinese people throughout time. Moreover, we should take into account the fact that patterns of traditions affected the lives of modern Chinese women 's behaviour. When we analyze the situation status of modern Chinese women, you can see a lot of similarities with the behaviour of women in ancient China, which can help to explain the phenomena of modern life of Chinese women, looking into the past.
Because of his efforts and the ripple-effect they created, Chinese women, who make up 49 percent of the Chinese population and 46 percent of the labor force, have obtained a higher proportion of management than women in many Western countries (Hu). While those who possess anti- communist sentiment continue to focus on societal restrictions, it is more important to recognize the benefits of the ideological underpinnings on which communism was founded and enabled to strive for equality so quickly. The newly established Constitution of the PRC and the Marriage Reform Law swiftly demolished China’s strict social structures and allowed women to escape traditional mentalities (Hu). In doing so, unprecedented progress in achieving equality was made under the communist reign, faster and more efficiently than can be touted by even today’s most democratic and free
Women’s role in Ancient Chinese civilisation was always vital to society due to their role in the family and during the Tang and Song dynasty significant changes occurred, changing Chinese women’s lives forever. While it is no secret women were inferior to men in the history of China, not many are aware of the major differences of the status of women from dynasty to dynasty. The Tang-Song dynasties ruled from 618AD to 1279 AD and many distinct differences between these two dynasties can be observed. Women’s role in these dynasties primarily included domestic duties, with the introduction of new roles to the female gender. Their role was very important to society as the woman of the family ran the household and as that was the most important
Women have had changing roles in every society for centuries. Depending on the country, some women have had a harder time achieving equality. One of these countries is China. These women have faced such obstacles as foot binding to concubines. Until the twentieth century women were not considered equals in their society.
To understand how femininity and masculinity is aligned in Asian countries, it is important to understand the political events of the time and how this influences the domains of men and women. Each evolvement of a country, through a political sphere, seeks a new identity and thus helps correlates the understanding of the changing definition of femininity and masculinity. This interrelation is illustrated in countries such as China and Japan, where both adheres to the notion of Confucian teaching and both countries undergo rapid ramifications, ideals of masculinity stems from the same concept ‘wen-wu’
As China faced new international pressures and the change to a communist society, gender relations transformed women from servants of men to full independent workers, who finally became soldiers of the communist state. In Jung Chang’s novel, Wild Swans, the three women – grandmother Yu-Fang, mother Bao-Qin and daughter Jung Chang – exemplify the expected gender roles of each generation. I will argue that Confucian society presented few economic opportunities for women to support
Women in China during the late 19th to early 20th century had many roles in and out of the household. Depending on their financial status, the role of women varied slightly.
The idea of “ Three Obediences” was common in China this signification a women’s subordination first to her father, then to her husband and then to their son. Customs that ancients practiced when a baby girl was born also show the inferiority and subordination that she will be place in the future. Under this ideology very few women were allowed to exercise political authority, specially mothers because they were considered wise counselors for their sons. However, peasants women did not follow all this rules since their labor was required on the fields.
Women in Ancient China during the Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty lived in oppressed lives. Society perceived them as inferior to their husbands and parents-in-law. Their role in the family were to be housewives taking care of their family and maintaining the household chores. They were always under the instructions of their husbands and parents-in-law in they were treated like servants. They also had no control in their personal decisions because they were not allowed to decide who they were going to marry and what they wanted to do in their careers. Parents of daughters would also force their daughters to foot-binding because it would attract potential wealthy husbands. This paper argues that although the Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty were known as the golden periods for China, nevertheless, it was overlooked by historians that women during the time were victims of gender inequality because they lived with no control over their personal lives and were expected to be submissive to their husbands.
Women withstood a multitude of limitations in the medieval era. Due to the political, social, and religious restrictions women encountered, historians neglected to realize that they demonstrated agency. The female experience is something that has been overlooked until recently. Unfortunately, without the knowledge of how women found ways to exert their power, we are experiencing a deficit of knowledge in this period. Through the close examination of the primary sources: The Gospel of Mary, Dhouda’s Liber Manualis, and Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, the creative means of female force are displayed.
I chose this topic because I view women as the backbone to the development or a nation, therefore the Chinese woman is paramount in one of the world’s great civilizations. The role of women in Chinese culture has changed over the years. When we consider the position that women held in ancient Chinese society we find that they have come a long way to be where they are today.
The study of Confucianism depends on distant family individuals to coordinate during the time spent growing crops, which enormously see the traditional Chinese family as a significant consider the group. Traditionally the Chinese family incorporates, parents, children, grandparents and close relative and everybody who is identified with that family. As the population of China develops and grow the government pass a law which is the "One Child Policy" in the 1970s which has changed the structure of the traditional Chinese family. The present Chinese family only include father, mother and the children. The reason of this is was to control both economic elements and population growth. The traditional Chinese culture women were very unassuming.