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- A series of auxotrophic mutants were isolated in Neurospora. Examination of fungi containing these mutations revealed that they grew on minimal medium to which various compounds (A, B, C, D) were added; growth responses to each of the four compounds are presented in the following table. Give the order of compounds A, B, C, and D in a biochemical pathway. Outline a biochemical pathway that includes these four compounds and indicate which step in the pathway is affected by each of the mutations. Compound Mutation number А в С A D 134 276 987 773 772 146 333 123 + + I +Experiment: In this activity yo Page 5 ze the results of experiments that investigate nutritional requirement of several mutant strains of yeast. The mutations in these strains cause a nutritional requirement for an amino acid, such that the strains will not grow in media that lack one specific amino acid. Any mutant that has a nutritional requirement is called an auxotroph, and is incapable of growing in a "minimal medium" containing only a carbon source (e.g., glucose), a simple nitrogen source (e.g., ammonium sulfate), and various salts and minerals. Such strains can be supported on a medium supplemented with only the missing nutrient or on a "rich" medium that contains amino acids, vitamins, nitrogenous bases, etc. (often in the form of an extract from yeast). The wild-type individual that can synthesize the metabolic component is a prototroph, and is capable of growth on minimal medium. The mutant strains in this activity are unable to synthesize tryptophan, lysine, or histidine;…Bacillus subtilis is known to harbour proA gene which is expressed as protease. Protease is an industrially important enzyme but the yield from Bacillus is not satisfactory. What processes of genetic engineering can you conduct to increase the production of proA gene? Briefly discuss your vision on the context.
- In your laboratory, you have an F− strain of E. coli that is resistantto streptomycin and is unable to metabolize lactose, but it can metabolizeglucose. Therefore, this strain can grow on a medium thatcontains glucose and streptomycin, but it cannot grow on a mediumcontaining lactose. A researcher has sent you two E. colistrains in two separate tubes. One strain, let’s call it strain A, hasan F′ factor (an F prime factor) that carries the genes that are requiredfor lactose metabolism. On its chromosome, it also has thegenes that are required for glucose metabolism. However, it is sensitiveto streptomycin. This strain can grow on a medium containinglactose or glucose, but it cannot grow if streptomycin is addedto the medium. The second strain, let’s call it strain B, is an F−strain. On its chromosome, it has the genes that are required forlactose and glucose metabolism. Strain B is also sensitive to streptomycin.Unfortunately, when strains A and B were sent to you, thelabels had fallen…The synthesis of arginine by Nuerospora was determined by examining a number of mutant strains that were unable to synthesize the compound. Use the table of bacterial growth below to 1) determine the correct sequence of the synthesis pathway and 2) where in the synthesis pathway each mutation interrupts the synthesis. A “+" indicates growth. Nothing added to Succinate Ornithine added Strain Cirtulline Arginine Added added added growth medium Wild Mutant 1 Mutant 2 Mutant 3 Mutant 4There is a group of six or so genes, called luxlux genes, whose gene products are necessary for light formation. Given that these bacterial genes are regulated together, propose a hypothesis for how the genes are organized and regulated. Match the terms in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. Terms can be used once, more than once, or not at all. Terms: metaboliozed, density, quorum sensing, state, signal amplification, inhibit, activate, detected, secrete, transcrption initiation complex, consume, operon Bacterial cells blank molecules that can be blank by other bacterial cells. Sensing the concentration of such signalling molecules allows bacteria to monitor the local blank of cells, a phenomenon called blank. There is a group of genes in the genome of the described bacterium, called luxgenes, which are organized in an blank. Reaching a certain concentration, molecules involved in this process blank the luxgenes. As a result, the…
- 2. The pathways for the biosynthesis of the amino acidsglutamine (Gln) and proline (Pro) involve one or morecommon intermediates. Auxotrophic yeast mutantsnumbered 1–7 are isolated that require either glutamine or proline or both amino acids for their growth,as shown in the following table (+ means growth; −no growth). These mutants are also tested for theirability to grow on the intermediates A–E. What is theorder of these intermediates in the glutamine and proline pathways, and at which point in the pathways iseach mutant blocked?Gln +Mutant A B C D E Gln Pro Pro1 + − − − + − + +2 − − − − − − + +3 − − + − − − − +4 − − − − − + − +5 − − + + − − − +6 + − − − − − + +7 − + − − − + − +Create workplan step by step on regenerating a BT maize plant selecting using phosphinothricin herbicide. Mention uses of agrobacterium , somatic embryogenesis, and construction of engineered TDNA for your workplanWhich of the following statements are true regarding the metabolome, the proteome, the genome, and the transcriptome? The number of genes found in the genome equals the number of different proteins that can be made within any give cell. The number of transcription products equals the number of proteins that can be made from these transcription products. The number of genes found in the genome equals the number of different transcription products that can be made within any given cell. The metabolome is encoded by the genome. None of the above.
- what is the nature and likely location(s) of a mutant that would, 1)allow constitutive expression of the lac gene? 2)prevent the cell from responding to lactose ( genes are not induced when exposed to lactose)? 3) not allow the cell to utilize lactose even when the genes are inducedYou are studying a biochemical pathway and isolate Neurospora mutants I, II, and III.Mutant I can grow if you supplement the medium with Z.Mutant II can grow if you supplement the medium with X, Y, or Z.Mutant III can grow if you supplement the medium with X and Z, but not with Y. Draw a biochemical pathway that shows the correct order for compounds X, Y, and Z and for the enzymes that each mutant is defective for.Before JCVI-syn3.0 was produced, what steps were used to create a synthetic Mycoplasma cell? Put the events below into the correct order. Drag and drop the events into the proper sequence from left to right. ▸ View Available Hint(s) First Step Transformed cells are detected by the presence of lacz, which causes them to cleave Xgal and produce a blue color. Yeast is transformed using Mycoplasma mycoides fragments. The synthetic chromosome is transformed into Mycoplasma capricolum. The synthetic Mycoplasma mycoides chromosome is purified. DNA fragments assemble through homologous recombination in yeast. Reset Help Last Step