Sample Solution from
Fox and McDonald's Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781118912652
Chapter 1
Problem 1P
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Textbook Problem

A number of common substances are

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Some of these materials exhibit characteristics of both solid and fluid behavior under different conditions. Explain and give examples.

Expert Solution
To determine

Identify the materials that exhibit the characteristics of both solid and fluid under different condition.

Explanation of Solution

Wax, Tar and Jello have the characteristics of solid at room temperature and below at ordinary pressure. However, they exhibit fluid characteristics at high pressure over long periods. They liquefy and exist as viscous fluids at high temperature.

Silly putty and modelling clay exhibit fluid behavior when they are slowly sheared. But sudden application of stress leads to fracture, which is a characteristic of a solid.

Shaving cream and toothpaste behaves like a solid when at rest in the tube. But when they are squeezed, they flow out of the tube like a fluid.

Similarly, sand behaves as solid when at rest and flows down when placed on an incline.

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