Introduction:

Homeostasis is the process by which the different physiological systems of the body coordinate to maintain a balanced condition in the body. This balance is in the form of the well regulated metabolic and physiological processes.

The correct answer is option (a) deals with the processes or function of living things.

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (a) deals with the processes or function of living things. Physiology is the study and understanding of the different biological and biochemical processes that take place inside the body and helps to regulate and maintain the healthy state of the organism. So, the correct answer is option (a).

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (b) is the scientific discipline that investigates the body’s structures. The field of biology that helps to investigate the structures of the body is anatomy and is used to understand the function and morphology of different structures. So, this is an incorrect option.

Option (c) is concerned with organisms and does not deal with the levels of the organization, such as cells and systems. Physiology is the study of processes of an organism and not any other aspect. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (d) recognizes the static (as opposed to the dynamic) nature of living things. The term homeostasis relates to the static and dynamic nature of living things and is used to understand the mechanism of maintaining constant body attributes. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (e) can be used to study the human body without considering anatomy. Anatomy studies the body structures and physiology studies the functioning of these structures, so physiology does require the consideration of anatomy while studying the function of an organism. So, this is an incorrect answer.