Week5 Training Manual Template AG.docx

HCAS133 - Training Manual Template Week 2: Anatomy & Physiology, Cellular function, Transport Mechanisms, and Tissues The importance of physiology and anatomy how the anatomy has a specific effect on physiology and the importance of on how they will interact with my field of work. I will also be discussing celluar functions. Physiology and anatomy are two closely related sciences that are often studied together. Physiology is the study of the function of the body and anatomy is the study of the structure of the body. Anatomy is the foundation of physiology, as the structure of the body determines how it functions. Physiology and anatomy are essential parts of becoming a successful medical assistant. It will help me with coding and billing, it is important to understand the structure and function of the human body to accurately code and bill medical services. Anatomy and physiology also can help me in this field to understand medical terminology. Having an understanding of physiology and anatomy can help me communicate with healthcare providers more effectively. Therefore, learning about anatomy and physiology is essential for Medical Assistants. It is important to discuss cellular functions. Cells have a particular shape that is related to their function. Cellular functions refer to the various activities that occur within a cell. These activities are essential for the cell to survive and perform its tasks. The shape of the cell can have a direct impact on its function, as certain shapes are better suited to certain activities. For example, red blood cells are typically shaped like a disc, which allows them to move through the body’s capillaries with ease. This shape also helps them

HCAS133 – Training Manual Template 2 to carry oxygen to other cells in the body. Similarly, neurons are shaped like a tree, which allows them to send signals to other cells in the body. The shape of a cell can play an important role in determining its function. Week 3: Blood, fluids, Circulatory System, Integumentary System Circulatory System Diagram: The heart is a hollow, cone-shaped, muscular pump. It lies within the thoracic cavity and rests on the diaphragm. The heart is within the mediastinum, bordered laterally by the lungs, posteriorly by the vertebral column, and anteriorly by the sternum. The base of the heart, which attaches to several large blood vessels, lies beneath the second rib. The heart’s distal and extends downward and to the left, terminating as a bluntly pointed apex at the level of the fifth intercostal space. There are three types of blood vessels: arteries, capillaries, and veins. These are the pipes that circulate blood throughout the body. The composition of blood is plasma, platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells. There are four types of blood types

HCAS133 – Training Manual Template 3 but there are eight blood groups, the blood types are A, AB, B, and O. The eight blood groups are A (+), A (-), B (+), B (-), AB (+), AB(-), O (+), O (-). The universal recipient blood type is AB and the universal donor blood type is O. Integumentary System Diagram: The skin is composed of primarily three layers, such as Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis. The Epidermis layer is keratinized and consists of stratified squamous epithelium. This does not contain any blood vessels. It is composed of epithelial cells. It provides protection. The dermis contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made up of two layers of connective tissue that compose an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts. It provides support and flexibility. Hypodermis is a layer directly below the dermis and serves to connect the skin to the underlying tissues of the bones and muscles. The hypodermis (fat layer) provides insulation and padding. Accessory structures of the skin include the hair, nails, sweat, and sebaceous glands. Hair’s primary functions are protection, warmth, and sensory reception. Nails protect the tips of the fingers and toes. The two main types of sweat glands, eccrine and apocrine, are responsible for regulating body temperature. Many factors contribute to when it comes to determining skin color. Genetics is one of the most important factors, as it determines the individual’s natural skin tone. However, environment and diet can also play a role in skin color. If someone spends a lot of time in the sun,

HCAS133 – Training Manual Template 4 their skin will likely become darker. If someone eats a lot of carotene-rich foods, their skin may take on a yellow or orange hue. The level of melanin in the skin is a major factor in skin color. The cells known as melanocytes are responsible for the production of the pigment melanin Summary The circulatory and integumentary systems are closely connected to maintain the body’s internal environment. For example, the circulatory system provides nutrients and oxygen to the skin’s cells and removes waste products, while the integumentary system protects the body from physical, chemical, and biological damage. The connection between the circulatory and integumentary systems is essential for maintaining healthy skin. Blood vessels in the dermis layer of the skin provide oxygen and nutrients to the skin cells and help maintain healthy skin. The circulatory system also helps to regulate body temperature by increasing blood flow to the skin’s surface when the body is overheating. Signs or symptoms of integumentary system issues that may indicate circulatory system problems include poor wound healing and skin discoloration, Poor wound healing may indicate a lack of oxygen and nutrients reaching the skin’s cells, which can indicate circulatory problems. Skin discoloration, such as blue or purple skin, can indicate poor circulation. Week 4: The Skeletal and Muscular Systems Skeletal System Diagram:

HCAS133 – Training Manual Template 5 Prompt Protects and supports organs- The skull shields and protects the brain, the ribs protect your heart and lungs, and the backbone protects your spine. Movement- The skeleton supports your body weight to help you stand and walk, your joints, connective tissue, and muscles work together so your body can move. Produces blood cells- the bones contain marrow which red and white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. Compact bone is the main structure in the body for support, protection, and movement. Compact bone outer layer of bone and forms the shaft of long bones. It is the preferred tissue for strength. Spongy bone, spongelike appearance formed by rods and plates of bone called trabeculae fills spaces with red bone marrow, supplies nutrients to osteocytes, and removes waste. Compact bone has more bone matrix and less space due to osteons. It forms the outer layer of long bones, is dense and solid, and provides strength and protection. Spongy bones have less bone matrix and more space due to trabeculae. Form the inner layer of flat and irregular bones, has a porous structure, and contributes to shock absorption and reducing weight.

HCAS133 – Training Manual Template 6 Muscular System Diagram: Prompts Name of Muscle Function Location (torso, lower extremity, upper extremity, or head) Deep or Superficia l Sartorius At the hip, it flexes, weakly abducts and rotates the thigh laterally. Lower extremity Superficia l Deltoid Help you move your arms in different directions, They also Upper extremity Superficia l

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