A_P_2_Lab_PP_2

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University of South Florida, Tampa *

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2086L

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Anatomy

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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pptx

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ANATOMY LAB: POWERPOINT 2 BY: VALACIA TREPANIER

MUSCLES OF MASTICATION • THE TEMPORALIS CONTROLS THE LOWER JAW BY ALLOWING IT TO OPEN AND CLOSE, AS WELL AS MOVE SIDE TO SIDE. • THE LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE AIDS IN THE OPENING AND CLOSING OF THE JAW BY THE MANDIBLE • THE MASSETER HELPS CLOSE THE JAW AND AIDS IN CHEWING • THE MEDIAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE ALSO AIDS IN THE JAW CLOSING FOR MASTICATION. Medial Pterygoid muscle Lateral Pterygoid muscle Masseter Temporalis

THE ORAL CAVITY • THE TONGUE MOVES FOOD AND ALLOWS FOR SWALLOWING, IS RESPONSIBLE FOR TASTE, AND AIDS IN SPEECH AS WELL • THE GENIOGLOSSUS MUSCLE MAKES THE TONGUE ABLE TO STICK OUT AND AIDS IN SWALLOWING • THE PALATOGLOSSUS MUSCLES ELEVATE THE TONGUE • THE HYOGLOSSUS MUSCLES FLATTEN AND BRING IN THE TONGUE • THE STYLOGLOSSUS MUSCLES ELEVATE AND BRING IN THE TONGUE • THE SUBLINGUAL GLANDS ARE UNDER THE TONGUE AND ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR PRODUCING SPIT Sublingual gland Hyoglossus Muscle Genioglossus Muscles Tongue Palatoglossus Muscle Styloglossus Muscle

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THE ESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH • THE ESOPHAGUS INITIATES PERISTALSIS AND ALLOWS FOR THE MOVEMENT OF FOOD FROM THE MOUTH TO THE STOMACH • THE FUNDUS OF THE STOMACH IS WHERE GAS IS STORED, IT ONLY STORES FOOD IF THE STOMACH IS EXTREMELY FULL. • THE BODY OF THE STOMACH IS WHERE FOOD IS BROKEN DOWN AT. • THE PYLORUS OF THE STOMACH IS THE CONTROL OF THE STOMACH BY MAINTAINING THE DIGESTIVE FLOW BETWEEN THE STOMACH AND THE INTESTINES • THE GREATER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH ATTACHES TO THE GASTROLIENAL LIGAMENT • THE LESSER CURVATURE OF THE STOMACH ATTACHES TO THE HEPATOGASTRIC LIGAMENT Lesser Curvature Greater Curvature Pylorus Fundus Esophagus Body

THE SMALL INTESTINE • THE DUODENUM OF THE SMALL INTESTINE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE START OF ABSORPTION OF MINERALS, NUTRIENTS, AND VITAMINS • THE JEJUNUM OF THE SMALL INTESTINE ABSORBS FATTY ACIDS, AMINO ACIDS, AND SUGAR • THE ILEUM OF THE SMALL INTESTINE ABSORBS ANYTHING LEFT OVER FROM THE DUODENUM AND JEJUNUM, SPECIFICALLY VITAMIN B12 AND BILE ACID Ileum Jejunum Duodenum

THE LARGE INTESTINE • THE CECUM ABSORBS LEFTOVER FLUIDS AND SALTS • THE APPENDIX IS THEORIZED TO STORE “GOOD” BACTERIA THAT REBOOT THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM • THE ASCENDING COLON OF THE LARGE INTESTINE ABSORBS ANY REMAINING WATER AND NUTRIENTS TO START FORMING STOOL • THE TRANSVERSE COLON OF THE LARGE INTESTINE ALSO ABSORBS WATER AND SALTS FROM INDIGESTIBLE FOOD • THE DESCENDING COLON OF THE LARGE INTESTINE STORES THE STOOL MADE BY THE ASCENDING AND TRANSVERSE COLON • THE SIGMOID COLON OF THE LARGE INTESTINE IS THE ROADWAY FOR STOOL FROM THE DESCENDING COLON TO THE RECTUM AND ANUS • THE RECTUM COLLECTS AND HOLDS STOOL FROM THE SIGMOID COLON • THE ANUS OPENS TO ALLOW STOOL TO EXIT THE BODY AND CLOSES TO KEEP INFECTION OUT • THE EXTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER MUSCLE IS A VOLUNTARY MUSCLE THAT HELPS WITH KEEPING THE ANUS CLOSED UNTIL THE BODY IS READY FOR A BOWEL MOVEMENT External Anal Sphincter Cecum Appendix Sigmoid Colon Rectum Transverse Colon Anus Descending Colon Ascendi ng Colon

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THE LIVER AND GALLBLADDER • THE RIGHT LOBE OF THE LIVER TAKES IN BLOOD FROM THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC VEIN • THE LEFT LOBE OF THE LIVER TAKES IN BLOOD FROM THE SPLENIC, GASTRIC, AND INFERIOR MESENTERIC VEINS. • THE CAUDATE LOBE OF THE LIVER RECEIVES BLOOD FROM THE PORTAL VEIN AND HEPATIC VEIN DRAINAGE • THE QUADRATE LOBE OF THE LIVER FUNCTIONS WITH THE LEFT LOBE OF THE LIVER • THE CYST DUCT OF THE GALLBLADDER CARRIES BILE TO THE GALLBLADDER AND FROM IT • THE BILE DUCT OF THE GALLBLADDER IS USED TO TRANSPORT BILE THROUGHPUT THE ENTIRE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Quadrate Lobe Caudate Lobe Left Lobe Right Lobe Cyst Duct Bile Duct