Module 4 Assignment Questions

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School

New Mexico State University *

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1130G

Subject

Anatomy

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by ProfessorScienceBear3

1. Describe the types of ossification. "The first type is intramembranous ossification, in which dense connective tissue mem-branes are replaced by deposits of inorganic calcium salts, thus forming bone. The membrane itself will even-tually become the periosteum of the mature bone. Underneath the periosteum will be compact bone with an inner core of spongy or cancellous bone. " "The other bones of the body are formed by the sec-ond process called endochondral ossification. This is the process in which cartilage is the environment in which the bone cells develop. As the organic matrix becomes synthesized, the osteoblast becomes completely surrounded by the bone matrix and develops into a mature bone cell or osteocyte. Both types of ossifi-cation result in compact and cancellous bone" 2016 (p.141). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology . Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750808/mi/806714477?cfi=%2F4%2F4 2. Explain how our bones and joints change as we age. "Older adults experience some major changes in the articular system particularly in the synovial joints. elastin and collagen fibers in a joint become less flexible and tissue repair declines. The articular cartilage surfaces wear and decline because older adults are not able to replace cartilage as quickly as when they were younger. Many individuals in their 50s take glucosamine chondroitin pills to supplement cartilage buildup and help repair and lubricate stiff joints. This nutritional supplement comes from sharks. The production of synovial fluid also declines with age as does the flexibility of tendons and ligaments, thus decreasing the range of motion in synovial joints. This is why moderate but regular exercising is so important as we age to help keep joints as flexible as possible." 2016 (p.194). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology . Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750861/mi/806714518?cfi=%2F4%2F4 3. Compare the three different types of joint classifications. “Synarthrosis (immovable), amphiarthrosis (slightly moveable), and diarthrosis (freely moveable) are the three functional types of joints. Synarthroses are fibrous, amphiarthroses are

cartilaginous, and diarthroses are synovial, according to the two classification schemes.” 2016 (p.). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology . Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750861/mi/806714518?cfi=%2F4%2F4 4. Describe the different types of movements available at the hip. “All of the anatomical parts of the hip work together to allow for a variety of movements. Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and hip rotation are all hip movements.” 2016 (p.). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology . Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750861/mi/806714518?cfi=%2F4%2F4 5. What can a person do to decrease the occurrence of osteoarthritis in their joints ? Choose joint-friendly activities such as walking, bicycling, and swimming. These low-impact activities pose little risk of injury and do not twist or place undue strain on the joints. 6. How do bones develop, grow, and repair themselves? “While bone replaces cartilage in the diaphysis, cartilage at the ends of the bone continues to proliferate, increasing bone length. These proliferative areas develop into the epiphyseal plates, which provide long-term bone growth after birth and into early adulthood.” 2016 (p.). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology . Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750861/mi/806714518?cfi=%2F4%2F4

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