Module 5 Assignment Questions

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School

New Mexico State University *

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Course

1130G

Subject

Anatomy

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Uploaded by ProfessorScienceBear3

1. Describe the anatomy of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissues. "skeletal muscle is voluntary, that is, we can control its contraction. Under the microscope, skeletal muscle cells are multinucleated and striated; we can see alternating dark and light bands." 2016 (p.200). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750867/mi/806714725?cfi=%2F4%2F4 "Smooth muscle, on the other hand,is involuntary, uninucleated, and nonstriated. It is found in places like the digestive tract." 2016 (p.200). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750867/mi/806714725?cfi=%2F4%2F4 "Cardiac muscle is invol-untary, striated, and uninucleated and is found only in the heart." 2016 (p.200). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750867/mi/806714725?cfi=%2F4%2F4 2. Explain a muscle contraction. "Muscle contraction is caused by the interaction of three factors: neuroelectrical, chemical, and energy sources." 2016 (p.227). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750867/mi/806714725?cfi=%2F4%2F4 3. Compare the difference between isometric and isotonic contractions. " isotonic con-traction occurs when muscles become shorter and thicker as when lifting a weight and tension remains the same" "Isometric contraction occurs when ten-sion increases but the muscles remain at a constant length as when we push against a wall." 2016 (p.228). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750867/mi/806714725?cfi=%2F4%2F4

4. Explain the difference between atrophy and hypertrophy. "Atrophy is a decrease in muscle bulk due to a lack of exercise, as when a limb is in a cast for a prolonged period. Stimulation of nerves with a mild electric current can keep muscular tissue viable until full muscular activity can return. In severe cases, the muscle fibers are actually lost and replaced with connective tissue." "Hypertrophy is an increase in the sizeof a muscle caused by an increase in the bulk of muscle cells through exercises, like weightlifting. This activity increases the amount of protein within the muscle cell.We are born with all the muscle cells we will ever have. they do not increase in numbers, only in size" 2016 (p.223). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750867/mi/806714725?cfi=%2F4%2F4 5. Explain the changes that occur in our muscular system as we age. “Muscle fibers decrease in number and size. Muscle tissue replaces itself more slowly, and lost muscle tissue is replaced by tough, fibrous tissue. Changes in the nervous system cause muscles to lose tone and contractility.” 2016 (p.). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750867/mi/806714725?cfi=%2F4%2F4 6. Describe the mechanism of a contracture of a muscle and how to prevent a contracture. “Contractures are commonly caused by prolonged bed rest, inactivity, or a lack of use of specific muscle groups. It is critical to move daily and stretch common areas such as the fingers, arms, and legs to reduce the risk of muscle tightness and contractures.” 2016 (p.). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology. Retrieved from https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/732417/sp/277750867/mi/806714725?cfi=%2F4%2F4

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