Useful musculoskeletal anatomy MCQs - no answers.docx

Anatomy - All Question 77 The posterior columns transmit which of the following structures? Your answer was not correct ° A Pain afferents ° B Tendon stretch afferents Correct answer ° C Motor tracts Your answer ° D Temperature afferents Explanation Temperature and pain afferents are transmitted by the spino-thalamic tracts Question 78 Which of the following structures are not involved in the control of posture and movement? Your answer was correct ° A Tractus solitarius Correct answer ° B Lateral reticulo-spinal tract ° C Vestibulo-spinal tract ° D Spino-cerebellar tracts

Explanation The spinocerebellar tracts convey unconscious proprioceptive information from cord to cerebellum. The reticulo- and vestibulo-spinal tracts synapse with interneurons which in turn project to motor neurons. The vestibulo-spinal tract is of great importance for posture and balance. The reticulo-spinal tract Integrates information from the motor systems to coordinate automatic movements of locomotion and posture The solitary tract and nucleus are structures in the brainstem which carry and receive visceral sensation and taste from the facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves Question 79 Regarding the medulla oblongata, which of the following statements is correct? Your answer was not correct ° A It is the part of the brainstem between the pons and spinal cord Correct answer ° B Is largely within the middle cranial fossa ° C Is supplied by anterior inferior cerebellar artery ° D Cranial nerves 8-12 arise from it Your answer Explanation It is in the posterior cranial fossa. It is supplied by the vertebral and basilar arteries and the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Cranial nerves 9-12 arise from it

Question 80 The dorsal column pathways synapse in which of the following? Your answer was not correct ° A Thalamus ° B Gracile and cuneate nuclei Correct answer ° C Cerebellum ° D Pons Your answer Explanation The dorsal column (posterior white column) is wholly occupied by ascending fibers of the gracile and cuneate tracts. The two tracts end in the lower part of the medulla by synapsing with the cells of the gracile and cuneate nuclei. They are concerned with light (discriminative) touch, vibration sense, proprioception and the sense of fullness of the bladder and rectum Question 81 In relation to the circle of Willis, which of the following statements is correct? Your answer was correct ° A Congenital aneurysms are more commonly found on the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) ° B The anterior cerebral artery (ACA), the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) are all branches of

the internal carotid artery (ICA) ° C Most emboli lodge in the basilar part of the circle of Willis ° D The middle cerebral artery (MCA) supplies the lateral surface of the brain and the temporal lobe Correct answer Explanation Congenital aneurysms are more commonly found on the anterior cerebraland anterior communicating artery. The posterior cerebral artery (PCA) is a branch of the basilar artery. Most emboli lodge in the carotid part of the circle of Willis, especially in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Question 82 Which of the following statements is correct regarding the cerebral circulation? Your answer was correct ° A The largest branch is the anterior cerebral artery ° B The anterior cerebral artery is most likely to embolise ° C The posterior communication artery joins the internal carotid artery and posterior cerebral artery Correct answer ° D The basilar artery is branch of the internal carotid Explanation The middle cerebral artery is the largest vessel. Only the middle and anterior cerebral arteries branch off the internal carotid artery (ICA), the basilar artery is a branch of the vertebral artery. Near their termination, the internal coartids are joined to the posterior cerebral arteries by the posterior cimmunicating arteries.

Question 83 Which ligament of the knee forms part of the capsule? Your answer was correct ° A Medial collateral Correct answer ° B Anterior cruciate ° C Posterior cruciate ° D Popliteus tendon Explanation The medial collateral ligament of the knee (also called the tibial collateral ligament), has its posterior apex of the triangular ligament blended with the capsule of the knee and attaches to the medial meniscus. Question 84 In relation to Hiltons law, which nerve does not supply the hip joint? Your answer was correct ° A Inferior gluteal Correct answer ° B Nerve to rectus femoris ° C Femoral ° D Obturator

Explanation Hilton’s law; a nerve that innervates a joint also tends to innervate the muscles that move the joint and the skin that covers the distal attachments of those muscles Nerves supplying the hip joint are the femoral nerve, obturator nerve, nerve to quadratus femoris and the sciatic nerve Question 85 Which dermatome usually supplies the great toe? Your answer was not correct ° A L4 ° B L3 ° C S1 Your answer ° D L5 Correct answer Explanation L3= anterior and medial thigh and knee L4= medial leg, medial ankle and side of foot L5= lateral leg, dorsum of foot, medial sole, 1-3 toes S1= lateral ankle, lateral side of dorsum and sole of foot, 4-5 toes Question 86

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