BargerW_HWCH17

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Anatomy

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Apr 3, 2024

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OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e Student Answer Sheet Anatomy & Physiology 2e Unit 3: Regulation, Integration, and Control Chapter 17: The Endocrine System Textbook Reference: Ch. 17 Introduction - Anatomy and Physiology 2e | OpenStax Review Questions 7. Chemical signaling that affects neighboring cells is called ________. A: B 9. A small molecule binds to a G protein, preventing its activation. What direct effect will this have on signaling that involves cAMP? A: B 11. The hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically connected to the posterior pituitary lobe by a bridge of ________. A: B 13. How many hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary? A: A 15. Which of the following statements about the thyroid gland is true? A: D 17. The development of a goiter indicates that ________. A: C 19. When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates ________. A: D 21. The adrenal glands are attached superiorly to which organ? A: C 23. Cushing’s disease is a disorder caused by ________. A: B 25. What cells secrete melatonin? A: B 27. The gonads produce what class of hormones? A: C 29. The function of the placental hormone human placental lactogen (hPL) is to ________. A: A
OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e Student Answer Sheet 31. Which of the following statements about insulin is true? A: B 33. The end result of the RAAS is to ________. A: D 35. Hormones produced by the thymus play a role in the ________. A: A 37. In the elderly, decreased thyroid function causes ________. A: B Critical Thinking Questions 39. Compare and contrast endocrine and exocrine glands. A: They are both messengers in the body and they both help with maintaining balance. Endocrine, however, releases hormones into the blood whilst Exocrine glands releases substances through ducts. 41. Compare and contrast the signaling events involved with the second messengers cAMP and IP 3 . A: Both transmit signals inside cells. cAMP is made from ATP and IP3 is made from a lipid in the cell membrane. 43. Compare and contrast the anatomical relationship of the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus. A: They are both involved in hormone regulation. The anterior lobe produces hormones as a response to signals while posterior lobe stores and releases hormones. 45. Explain why maternal iodine deficiency might lead to neurological impairment in the fetus. A: Iodine is needed for neurological and brain development. 47. Describe the role of negative feedback in the function of the parathyroid gland. A: If calcium is low then this gland will act to bring it back up and when its not needed it takes a break. 49. What are the three regions of the adrenal cortex and what hormones do they produce? A: Glomerulosa, Fasciculata, and Reticularis. The Glomerulosa helps control salt and water in the body. Fasciculata manages stress and metabolism along with blood sugar and Reticularis creates androgens which stimulate growth. 51. Compare and contrast the short-term and long-term stress response.
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