Cultural Anthropology Race and ETHNICITY

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Essex County College *

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ANT-101

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Anthropology

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Oct 30, 2023

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ppt

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Ethnicity and Race
What is race? We all know people look different. What does race mean?
• In biological terms, a race is a geographically isolated subdivision of a species that can reproduce with individuals from other subspecies of the same species, but does not because of its geographic isolation. • Human populations vary biologically, but there are no sharp breaks between populations. • Human biological variation is distributed gradually between populations along clines. • Ethnicity and race are not synonymous, although American culture does not discriminate between the two terms. What is race?
• Race is supposed to describe genetic variation but racial categories (particularly early on) are based on phenotypes. • Phenotypes are the product of genetic, developmental, and environmental factors. • There is no clear logical hierarchy to phenotypic traits, thus it is difficult to demonstrate which should be a definitive racial feature. • The so-called three great races (white, black, and yellow) are more a reflection of European colonialist politics than an accurate representation of human biological diversity. • Even skin color-based race models that include more than three categories do not accurately represent the wide range of skin color diversity among human populations.
Fundamental Problems with Race “Hispanic” and “Latino” are ethnic categories that crosscut “racial” contrasts. Note the physical diversity exemplified by these Latina teenagers.
Race is a biological concept Race is a geographically (hence, reproductively) isolated subdivision of a species, or subspecies. If reproductive isolation lasts long enough, then a new species is produced.
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