Week 1 HUM 2051 Civilization 1 Spring 1 2024
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Discussion 1.2 Erika McGuire
HUM 2051: Civilization 1 Professor Gregory Caicco 01/12/2024
In Book 1 of The Iliad
, the argument between Achilles and Agamemnon spirals out of control
mainly due to their clashing egos. The disagreement was initiated because Achilles feels slighted by Agamemnon's actions over war pillages and refuses to fight alongside him until proper restitution is made. The contrasting behaviors and personalities of the two characters are evident in their interactions with each other. Conversely, Agamemnon refuses to back down from his demand for Briseis, believing that he holds higher authority as the commander-in-chief.
Agamemnon, as the commander-in-chief of the Greek forces, exhibits a sense of entitlement and arrogance. He demands Briseis, a captive woman whom Achilles had claimed as his own prize, as compensation for his own loss. Agamemnon's behavior can be seen when he says to Achilles, "I am going to take away your girl" (Homer, 1.154). This statement illustrates Agamemnon's domineering nature and lack of regard for the feelings or rights of others.
On the other hand, Achilles displays a strong sense of pride and honor. He refuses to comply with Agamemnon's demand and argues that he will not fight alongside him anymore. Achilles states, "You have done me no wrong... I never got any good from you when I fought for my country" (Homer, 1.192-194). This response highlights Achilles' resentment towards Agamemnon and his belief that he has been mistreated. Moreover, Achilles' argument carries weight because his personal
honor has been violated. As a warrior, Achilles values his reputation and status above all else. Agamemnon's act of taking Briseis undermines Achilles' sense of worth and diminishes his standing within the Greek army. This is evident when he states, "You have brought me into dishonor with this girl..." (Homer 1.221). By defending his honor, Achilles indirectly defends the honor and integrity of
every warrior in the army.
The argument spirals out of control when both Achilles and Agamemnon resort to personal insults. They exchange harsh words that attack each other's character and question their worthiness as leaders. For instance, Agamemnon tells Achilles that he is "a greedy man who loves plunder... shameless!" (Homer, 1.236-237), while Achilles accuses Agamemnon of being "a worthless coward"
(Homer, 1.297).
After assessing their arguments, they each have their distinctive motivations and actions throughout the story. While Agamemnon may hold a position of authority within the Greek forces, his demand for Briseis appears selfish and unjust. He is willing to take away Achilles' prize without any justifiable reason other than his own desires. This undermines Agamemnon's argument and portrays him as an insensitive leader.
While, Achilles' argument seems more valid as he argues against being deprived of his rightfully earned stolen goods. His refusal to fight demonstrates that he values his honor and dignity above all else. In addition, Achilles believes that Agamemnon has not properly recognized or rewarded his contributions to the war effort.
In conclusion, the behaviors and personalities of Achilles and Agamemnon are in apparent contrast during their argument in Book 1 of The Iliad
. While Agamemnon exhibits entitlement and arrogance, Achilles displays pride and honor. The argument spirals out of control as personal insults
are exchanged. When evaluating the validity of their arguments, Achilles has a stronger case due to his rightful claim to the spoils and his belief that he has been mistreated by Agamemnon.
Citations:
Homer. The Iliad. Translated by Robert Fagles, Penguin Classics, 1990.
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