Propositional Intigration Form

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Feb 20, 2024

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1 Travis Hirschi’s Propositional Integration Forms Corina Kaplan Eastern Gateway Community College COR203: Criminology Prof. Corrin February 12 th , 2024

2 Travis Hirschi’s Propositional Integration Forms Integrated theories are simply theories that mesh to create one set of central concepts and propositions. Propositional integration is combining specific propositions for multiple theories to create one unified set of propositions. Well combining these together several structural arrangements may take place. These formations are known as end-to-end, side-by-side, and up and down (Elliott, 2012). Travis Hirschi was the one to identify these three forms of propositional integration, which are all commonly used today (Piquero, 2016). By the conclusion of this paper the reader will have knowledge about the three forms of propositional integration identified by Travis Hirschi. Side-by-side integration is also known as parallel integration. Side-by-side is used when attempting to explain separate parts or types of crime within a unified theoretical structure. Crimes are delinquent acts are partitioned into different theories that identify the best explanation. Once these different theories are identified different casual processes are identified to account for each theory (Piquero, 2016). For example, characteristics of deviants such as race, age, and gender or those of deviance like violent crime, drug crime, and or property crime may be used as points when partitioning seems logical. The subsequent process would be to identify theoretical constructs to explain the cases for each empirical typology (IResearchnet, 2023). The second form known is end to end, also known as sequential approach. This is the most common type of theoretical integration where propositions from one theory are linked to propositions from another theory (Piquero, 2016). Theories are combined in this structure with consideration of the variables in each theory. This structure is the only one that allows the variables in each theory to act as both causes and effects. Finally, there is up and down integration, also known as deductive integration. This one works by identifying the abstract variables in a theory that would allow for integration of other theories (IResearchnet, 2023). For example, recognizing that theory one contains more abstract

3 propositions than theory two, the propositions from theory two are then applied to theory one to create an entirely new theory (Piquero, 2016). Integrated theories are meshed theories forming from two separate theories concepts and propositions to form one list of central concepts and ideas. The three forms of propositional integration identified by Travis Hirschi are side-by-side, end-to-end, and up and down integration structures. Each of these theories contains its own structural value that contributes to understanding crimes and delinquent acts. To understand these structural forms of propositional integration it is vital that one understands how theories work and that theories are comprised of concepts and variables that can be compared within separate theories.

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4 References Elliott, D. (2012, July 24). Integrated theory . Oxford Bibliography. https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780195396607/obo- 9780195396607-0135.xml#:~:text=Structural%20arrangements%20typically%20take%20one %20of%20four%20forms%3A,and%20down%2C%20and%20some%20combination%20of %20these%20forms. IResearchnet. (2023, March 4). Integrated Theories of Crime . Criminal Justice. https://criminal- justice.iresearchnet.com/criminology-theories/integrated-theories-of-crime/ Piquero, A. R. (2016). The handbook of criminological theory . Wiley Blackwell.

Propositional Intigration Form

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