Tutorial_exercice10 (1)

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Fares Alromhin 40246354 Aristotle Principles and Toulmin logic 1. What do we mean by logos? Aristotle, a Greek philosopher, classified three methods of influence in his work " Rhetoric." Logos is one of these modes and addresses reason and rationale. It includes utilizing proof, realities, and objective contentions to help your cases and convince a crowd of people. Logos depends on the strength and legitimacy of the actual contention. Logos helps make an argument more persuading by introducing it as coherently sound and supported by thinking and reasoning. 2. What do we mean by ethos? "Ethos" is one of the three modes of persuasion, as stated by Aristote in his work “Rhetoric.” It’s the ethical or moral credibility of a speaker or author in the context of persuasive communication.in the words, ethos refers to convincing an audience of the speaker’s or writer’s authority, expertise, and integrity of the subject. 3. What do we mean by pathos? "Pathos" is one of the three modes of persuasion, as defined by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle in his work "Rhetoric." Pathos refers to the emotional or passionate appeal in persuasive communication. "Pathos" involves using personal anecdotes and emotions. Using emotions in this context is about emotional appeal to the audience in order to have a strong connection with the audience. "Pathos" also involves vivid language to connect with the listeners. 4 Using the text provided on the following page, analyze it in terms of pathos, ethos and logos. In terms of pathos, is the appeal to emotions, and there are several emotional elements in this text: The depiction of Detroit's downfall, for example, its plunging populace, increasing joblessness rate, and expanding crime percentage, summons a feeling of depression and misery. These measurements are intended to evoke compassion and worry for the city's situation. The notice of residents holding up a normal of 58 minutes for police to answer and the unfortunate state of crisis vehicles lays out a troubling picture, interesting to the reader's emotions. Ethos connects with the believability and authority of the speaker or source. Michigan Lead representative Rick Snyder is referred to, which loans believability to the data and contentions introduced. The lead

representative's situation as a public authority and authority figure upgrades the ethos of the message. The use of statistics and data about Detroit's population decline and economic struggles provides factual. Logos includes the utilization of emotional thinking and proof to help a contention. The presentation of statistics, such as the decline in Detroit's population. The text highlights the financial deficit faced by Detroit, providing a logical explanation for the city's financial struggles and insolvency. While the message principally utilizes poignancy to bring out feelings and compassion toward Detroit's circumstance, it additionally consolidates components of ethos and logos to help the contention and loan validity to the data introduced. 4. Using the text on the following page identify the claim, ground, warrant, backing (if any) and rebuttal (if any). The main point in this text is that Detroit is facing a serious financial crisis, and Kevyn Orr, the city's emergency manager, has requested bankruptcy protection. The evidence for this claim is the significant decline in Detroit's population. There is no direct response to potential objections or counterarguments in this text; it mainly focuses on making a case for Detroit's dire financial situation and the necessity of bankruptcy protection. The warrant is the link between the evidence and the main claim. While there is no explicit backing in the text, the credibility of the information is reinforced by data and quotes from Michigan Governor Rick Snyder and General Motors, which add weight to the claims and evidence provided. In this context, it suggests that Detroit's financial woes, stemming from population decline, economic challenges, and administrative issues, render it incapable of meeting its obligations to citizens and creditors. Therefore, filing for bankruptcy protection is presented as a necessary step to address these issues. 6. Once completed give your name to the tutor to schedule a time for the oral presentation to be spread over the last two tutorials.

Neglect, corruption, exodus: What drove Detroit to historic bankruptcy Add to ... Michael Babad The Globe and Mail Published Thursday, Jul. 18 2013, 3:31 PM EDT Last updated Thursday, Jul. 18 2013, 8:33 PM EDT The city’s emergency manager, Kevyn Orr, today asked a court to put the municipality into bankruptcy protection, in what is known as a Chapter 9 filing, one that could lead to further cutbacks. Detroit's move followed negotiations with creditors, including those asked to take a substantial haircut on their debts. The filing by the city, the heart of the American auto industry, is being closely watched by other troubled municipalities to see what lessons can be learned from a restructuring. In this case, though, officials failed to pull off a massive restructuring outside of bankruptcy. Other cities and regions, notably Alabama’s Jefferson County, have also filed for bankruptcy. "While many who love Detroit still live there, many other Detroiters at heart could not justify the sacrifice of adequate services," Michigan Governor Rick Snyder said in a letter authorizing Mr. Orr to pull the trigger. "The city's population has declined 63 per cent from its peak, including a 28-per-cent decline since 2000," the governor added. "That exodus has brought Detroit to the point that it cannot satisfy promises it made in the past." Detroit’s population has plunged to about 700,000 from 1.8 million in the heady manufacturing years of the 1950s, and its household income has declined to well below the state level. The auto industry, of course, was decimated by the financial crisis and recession, with both General Motors and Chrysler falling into bankruptcy, requiring a rescue by American and Canadian governments. Mr. Orr has been extremely critical of how the city was run in past years, saying in a recent report that its operations “have become dysfunctional and wasteful after years of

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