Module Four Short Answers Megan Jacobs

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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Arts Humanities

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Module Four Short Answer 1. Describe the monument selected. a. The Crazy Horse monument, which is currently under construction, is a mountain monument much like the Mount Rushmore but greater in size. The monument is in the Black Hills of South Dakota. The Crazy Horse monument is to depict the Lakota warrior Crazy Horse riding on his horse and pointing ahead to his ancestral lands. Though it is still in progress many believe it to become the eighth wonder of the world, while others cite that the Lakota Warrior would not have wanted his likeness taken in such a way. 2. Explain the original intentions behind the monument selected and how later interpretations changed the meaning and cultural understandings. a. In the original intentions of the monument Standing Bear, a maternal cousin to Crazy Horse, strived to have the monument carved in the Black Hills due to the significant cultural value the hills had on the Lakota people. Many Native peoples, including Standing Bear, wanted white men to understand that the Natives had great heroes amongst them as well. On the website their mission still states that they long to protect and preserve the cultures and traditions of North American Natives. Consequently however, others have voiced their outrage over the monument. According to many Lakota natives, Crazy Horse was very humble and did not like having his likeness taken through photographs or other forms of art that would depict him. Many Lakota also see the irony in the fact that Crazy Horse spent his life protecting his people and the Black Hills only for the Polish sculptor and his family to blow the mountain apart. There also seems to be a

debate about the money the monument is making. According to American Sphinx “the Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation brought in $12.5 million from admissions and donations and reported $77 million dollars in net assets” (Jarvis Brooke). This leads to the question why the monument has not been completed. Many believe that the white Ziolkowski family has taken Lakota culture and found a way to turn a profit for themselves in exploiting it. Most of the museum and educational parts of their tours include information about the family themselves and very little about the Lakota people and Crazy Horse. Interpretations of the monument seem to vary with how people view not only the sculpture but the entire organization and the Ziolowski family themselves. While some Lakota people see the memorial as a place to fight stereotypes, others see it as a place enforcing stereotypes and profiting on the back of the Lakota people. 3. Reflect on what you learned in the Resources section articles and compare your own interpretation or understanding of the monument selected with the intent of authors whose interpretations you chose to evaluate. a. I traveled to South Dakota as a young girl and remember it as my favorite vacation. I loved the hills and the surrounding areas. Knowing what I know now, I feel guilt for enjoying the scenery and monuments as much as I did. Not knowing the full history of the people that came from those lands and how sacred they had prevented me from fully understanding the monuments and significance the land had. My interpretation of the monument now, I see it as a way white people are still making money and turning profits on the back of natives. In the first website I could tell the view was very skewed. The website featured many Native people

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