Discussion - OpenStax Chapter Section 8

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Dec 6, 2023

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Discussion - OpenStax Chapter Section 8.1 and 15.1 Topics For this Discussion, please address two things that you found most interesting in Chapter Section 8.1 and 15.1 of our OpenStax Astronomy textbook. You should frame your discussion of the topics you choose as if you are explaining them to someone that has not read the chapter and may not have much background knowledge on either topic. Discussion Board Post DUE by Friday, October 27th before 11:59pm. (4 points) For full credit, you should post a response, as well as comment on at least TWO classmates' posts. Since you have to respond to what other students in the class have posted, please be sure to make your discussion board post by the due date above. Discussion Board Comments DUE by Sunday, October 29th before 11:59pm. (2 points) A few important things:  You are expected to be respectful of persons in the discussion. You certainly don't have to agree with others, but things like name calling are unacceptable and will result in a loss of points.  Your posts and comments should be of reasonable length and thought to count for credit. Short answers like "Well said" or "I agree", etc., won't count for points. You need to show substance, depth of thought, and contribution for the points.  Spelling and grammar aren't explicitly counted. However, if your spelling/grammar is so bad as to distract from your point, you may lose some credit.  You won't be able to see the posts of others until you make your first post with your answer. Thanks, and have fun! The magnetosphere was the most interesting topic of Chapter Section 8.1. It's a region of space around an object, like a planet, where charged particles feel the effect of the object's magnetic field. This field is created by a celestial body with an active interior dynamo. The magnetic field is shaped like a dipole

close to the planet and can be distorted by electrically conducting plasma farther out. Planets with an active magnetosphere, like Earth, can block or reduce the impact of cosmic and solar radiation, which is vital to protect living organisms. Scientists discovered the magnetosphere in 1958 through Explorer 1, the first US Earth satellite. The spacecraft recorded charged particles trapped within the magnetosphere, and high-energy ion regions are called Van Allen belts. Since its discovery, hundreds of spacecrafts have explored the magnetosphere. The most interesting topic of Chapter Section 15.1 of the book talks about the Chromosphere, which is the second layer of a star's atmosphere. The Chromosphere is about 1% of the Sun's radius at maximum thickness and is located above the photosphere and below the solar transition region and corona. It emits electromagnetic radiation in the Hα spectral line, which can be viewed using special filters. The Chromosphere appears red due to the electromagnetic emissions in the Hα spectral line. The Chromosphere has hair-like jets of plasma called spicules that extend up to 10,000 km into the corona. Its density decreases exponentially with distance from the center of the Sun and has a temperature that initially decreases from the inner boundary, but then increases towards the outer boundary with the transition layer of the corona. Scientists study the Chromosphere by analyzing its emitted electromagnetic radiation. The discovery of helium is credited to the Chromosphere when observations of its spectrum revealed a yellow emission line that did not correspond to any previously known element on Earth in 1868. Helium was later discovered on our planet in 1895 and is mostly used to inflate balloons.

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