Exam2_solutions-1
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Astronomy
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Dec 6, 2023
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ASTR 1000-001: The Solar System
Midterm Exam #2
March 31 2022
Test Form A
Solutions
Test Form B
has exactly the same questions, only with a different order for the multiple-choice
questions. Multiple-choice question answers for
Form B
:
AEAAC CACDA BCECC CAAAA
ACADC AAABA
Multiple-choice questions. Please use the Scantron sheet.
(2 points each; 60 points total)
1.
Which of the following is NOT a pattern of motion in our Solar System?
A.
Most planets rotate in the same direction they orbit.
B.
Most planetary orbits lie in the same plane.
C.
Most planets orbit in the same direction.
D.
Almost all large moons orbit their planet in the same direction as the planet's rotation.
E.
The planets orbit the Sun in a direction opposite that of the Sun's rotation.
2.
Which of the following is NOT correct about the exceptions to the patterns in the solar system
A.
Jupiter has an abnormally large moon Ganymede.
B.
Earth has an abnormally large moon comparing to its own size.
C.
Venus rotates in the opposite direction.
D.
Uranus rotates on its side.
3.
The
frost line
of the solar system was located approximately between
A.
the Sun and the present-day orbit of Mercury.
B.
the present-day orbits of Mercury and Venus.
C.
the present-day orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
D.
the present-day orbits of Venus and Earth.
E.
the present-day orbits of Uranus and Neptune.
4.
According to the nebular theory, what are asteroids and comets?
A.
leftover planetesimals that never accreted into planets
B.
chunks of rock or ice that condensed long after the planets had formed
2
C.
the shattered remains of collisions between moons
D.
the shattered remains of collisions between planets
5.
In essence, the
nebular theory
holds that
A.
our solar system formed from the collapse of an interstellar cloud of gas and dust.
B.
nebulae are clouds of gas and dust in space.
C.
the planets each formed from the collapse of its own separate nebula.
D.
the planets formed as a result of a near-collision between our Sun and another star.
6.
From center to surface, which of the following correctly lists the interior layers (defined by
density) of a terrestrial world?
A.
core, mantle, crust
B.
mantle, core, crust
C.
mantle, crust, core
D.
core, crust, lithosphere
7.
The jovian planets are thought to have formed as gravity drew hydrogen and helium gas around
planetesimals made of __________.
A.
only rocks and metals
B.
only ices
C.
rocks, metals, and ices rocks
8.
Which of the following
best
describes
differentiation
in planetary geology?
A.
Gravity separates molten materials according to density.
B.
Different types of minerals form a conglomerate rock.
C.
One planet's surface evolves differently from another planet's surface.
D.
One part of a planet's surface evolves differently from another part of the same
planet's surface.
9.
Which internal energy source is the most important in continuing to heat the terrestrial
planets today?
A.
accretion
B.
differentiation
C.
radioactivity
D.
tidal heating
10.
Which of the following is NOT a cooling process for planetary interiors:
A.
Convection
B.
Conduction
C.
Radiation
D.
Differentiation
11.
Which of the following best describes
convection
?
A.
Rocks sink in water.
B.
Warm material expands and rises while cool material contracts and falls.
C.
Warm material gets even warmer and cool material gets even cooler.
D.
A liquid separates according to density, such as oil and water separating in a jar.
3
12.
Volcanism is more likely on a planet that
A.
is closer to the Sun.
B.
is struck often by meteors and solar system debris.
C.
has high internal temperature.
D.
doesn't have an atmosphere or oceans.
13.
Which of the following
best
describes
tectonics
?
A.
the creation of bowl-shaped depressions by asteroids or comets striking a planet's
surface
B.
the eruption of molten rock from a planet's interior to its surface
C.
the disruption of a planet's surface by internal stresses
D.
the wearing down or building up of geological features by wind, water, ice, and other
phenomena of planetary weather
14.
Which of the following is NOT evidence of liquid water on ancient Mars:
A.
channels that look like dry riverbeds
B.
eroded crater rims
C.
Spirit
and
Opportunity
rovers have found mineral evidence of water
D.
Layered sedimentary rocks
E.
Large volcanic mountains
15.
What process has played the greatest role in determining the arrangement of the continents
on Earth?
A.
impact cratering
B.
volcanism
C.
plate tectonics
D.
erosion
16.
What is the
main
factor that makes Earth more geologically active than the other terrestrial
planets?
A.
It is larger, so it has retained its internal heat for longer.
B.
It is farthest from the Sun, so it receives less light.
C.
It has a large Moon, so it is heated by tidal forces.
D.
It has far more radioactive material than other planets.
E.
It formed much later than the other planets.
17.
Earth has a relatively strong magnetic field, but Mars does not. Which of the following probably
explains why Mars lacks a strong magnetic field today?
A.
It rotates too slowly
B.
It is too far from the Sun
C.
Its core is too cool for convection
D.
Its lithosphere is too thick.
18.
How are wavelength, frequency, and wave speed related for light waves?
A.
Longer wavelength means lower frequency
B.
Longer wavelength means higher frequency
C.
Longer wavelength means higher frequency
D.
Longer wavelength means lower frequency
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