CellActivitySumbitSp21[891]

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Tidewater Community College *

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101

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Biology

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by BrigadierCrow9988

HANDS ON ACTIVITY Name________________________ The smallest unit of life: The cell Objectives 1. Be able to explain the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 2. To identify and list the major functions of eukaryotic organelles 3. Be able to explain the differences between animal cells and other eukaryotic cells 4. To identify plant and animal cells under a microscope ACTIVITY I Examine a cell model or poster of a Prokaryote Observe the cell model or cell poster found in your classroom for the prokaryotic cell and answer the questions below. 1. State two examples of how are prokaryotes different from eukaryotes.  Prokaryotes have a cell wall , however eukaryotes don’t.  A prokaryotic cell is unicellular and an eukaryotic cell is multicellular 2. State three examples of structures found in eukaryotes that are not found in prokaryotes.  They have a membrane bound nucleus .  They have mitochondria .  They also have an endoplasmic reticulum . 3. State two examples of structures common between the two types of cells.  They both have cytoplasm & DNA. 4. Give an example of a prokaryotic organism.  Bacteria is an example of a prokaryotic organism. 5. State two examples of organisms that are Eukaryotes.  Plants and animals are eukaryotes Now, use your textbook and notes discuss with your partner(s) the following two questions: 1. What does the term “Prokaryote” mean? 2. What does the term “Eukaryote” mean? 1

Activity II Examining the cell model or cell poster of a eukaryote. Observe the animal or plant cell model and the image of the animal cell on the previous page. Draw a picture of the following organelles and explain the major function of the organelle in the table below using the model, image, and/or textbook. ***NOTE*** You do not have to submit your drawings for a grade on canvas Table 5.1: Functions of organelles Organelle Drawing (not graded) Function Nucleus Controls & regulates the activities of the cell Nucleolus makes ribosomal sub-units from proteins in ribosomal RNA Cytosol/Cytoplasm Help cell expansion growth & replication Centriole Organizing microtubules that serve as the sales skeletal system Golgi bodies Modifies proteins in lipids , packages product into vessels for transport , process materials to be removed from the cells Lysosome Degrading & recycling cellular waste , signaling an energy metabolism Peroxisome Metabolism, reactive oxygen species detoxification , and signaling Plasma membrane regulates the transport of materials entering that and exiting the cell Mitochondrion generates most of the chemical energy needed to power the cells biochemical reaction Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Synthesizes lipids , phospholipids as in plasma membrane and steroids Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum produces proteins for the rest of the sale Ribosome decoding the message in the formation of the peptide bonds Cytoskeleton help cells maintain their shape and 2

internal organization ACTIVITY III Observing Various Cell Structures of Plant and Animal Cell Now is your chance to view some real eukaryotic cells. You will be viewing videos and using the virtual microscope to observe prepared slides of both a plant cell and an animal cell. Although there are many types of both plant and animal cells, the slides you will view are good representations and will allow you to pick out important structures. Observe the plant cell first with this video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BB5rvjZzgFU We are going to practice our microscope skills using the virtual microscope from our earlier hands on activity. Follow the link below to access the online microscope. http://www.ncbionetwork.org/iet/microscope/ 1. When you first open the link, you will be looking at the microscope on a lab bench. Choose the explore option (middle button) at the bottom of the screen. 2. On the next screen click on the gray slide box to the right of the microscope with the “?”. 3. Choose “Plant Slides” the second option in the slide catalog. 4. Choose “Plant Cells” the first slide. 5. In the microscope view screen, use the sliders for course adjustment on the bottom of the screen to focus the slide under scan objective (4x). Adjust the light levels as needed. 6. Click on “10x” and switch to low power. Refocus if you need. Use the fine adjustment for fine tuning and sharpening your focus. 7. Click on “40x” and switch to high power. Sharpen your focus only the fine adjustment. Never use course adjustment on high power. 8. Click “remove slide” in the top right corner of the microscope view screen when you are done. Answer the questions below based on your microscope simulation and the video of the plant cell. 1. Were you able to find the nucleus, the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane? 2. Did you see a cell wall? 3. Can you see any internal organelles? You may be able to view the green chloroplasts or the centralized nucleus. 3

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