BIOL251
Human Anatomy & Physiology with Lab II
2
Lab Report 2: Blood and Heart
Experiment 3 – Microscopic Anatomy of Blood (36 points)
© 2013 eScience Labs, LLC. All rights reserved. Instructions
: Answer the following questions in complete sentences using correct grammar, spelling, and terminology.
1. What makes red blood cells unique, compared to other cells in the body? - Red blood cells are the most common formed element in the body. Red blood cells do not have nuclei and are responsible for the transportation of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide between the lungs and tissues. In addition, red blood cells are unique because they contain proteins that enable the cells to change their shape in order to fit through capillaries throughout the body. 2. How is new blood made? - The life span of most blood is brief and new blood is made through hemopoieses. The site of hemopoieses is in red marrow. All new blood is derived from the hematopoietic stem cell. Upon a chemical stimulus to enable hemopoietic growth, the hematopoietic stem cells will begin to divide and form new blood. When the hematopoietic stem cell divides one will remain a stem cell and the other will become either a myeloid or lymphoid stem cells. 3. What is the main function of platelets? - Platelets are stored in the spleen in preparation for release in response to a blood vessel rupture. Their main function is to limit the amount of blood loss when a blood vessel ruptures. 4. Describe how the body stops bleeding. - In order to stop bleeding, the body will undergo hemostasis through a series of steps consisting of vascular spasm, formation of the platelet plug, and coagulation. When a blood vessel is ruptured the muscle in the blood vessel will first contract in order to initially limit blood loss. By that time, chemicals have been released where the blood vessel has ruptured and platelets have begun to bind together in order to form a plug. Lastly, coagulation begins to form a mesh out of fibrin to effectively trap platelets to produce a clot and stop bleeding. 5. Sickle cells are named so because of their characteristic shape. What problems can this cause? American Public
University System
1
November 2015
