COMPLETE BrSp LabEx MITOSIS

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University of Illinois, Chicago *

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114

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Biology

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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BIO114 MITOSIS LAB REPORT (by Dr. Yev Lapik) After you observed the microphotograph of a section of onion root tip in the Mitosis Lab reading file, label the structures pointed out on it: A. chromosome B. Nuclear membrane C. Nuclei D. Cell wall Describe the shape of onion root tip cells shown at the microphotograph The cell walls are rectangular, and the onion root tip cells Part I. Observing onion root tip cells NOTE: For the section of the lab report below, make sure you sketch or cut & paste actual onion root tip cells you observe at the microphotograph (not textbook diagrams of mitosis stages) INTERPHASE CELLS: Find and observe an interphase cell. Sketch or paste it on the right: Are a nucleolus and a nuclear membrane present in the cell? Yes Are chromosomes visible in cells during interphase? No What does genetic material look like in cells during interphase? The genetic material is tightly packed inside the cell. What important events occurs during interphase? During interphase Is when the cell grows and prepares to duplicate itself by building organelles and cytoplasm. Chromosomes are not observable. PROPHASE CELLS: Find and observe a prophase cell. Sketch or paste it on the right: Are chromosomes fully formed during prophase? Yes Describe the changes that have occurred to the nucleolus and the nuclear membrane from interphase to prophase: Nuclear membrane is dissolving;. Explain why chromosomes can now be observed but were not visible during interphase: Due to the proteins condensing the chromosome it becomes visible. 1
BIO114 MITOSIS LAB REPORT (by Dr. Yev Lapik) METAPHASE CELLS: Find and observe a metaphase cell. Sketch or paste it on the right: Describe where chromosomes are now located in relation to the cell: The chromosomes are located at the center of the cell. What term is used to describe the fibers attaches to a chromosome? Is this structure visible on your slide? mitotic spindles are the fibers attached to chromosomes. This is not visible until anaphase. ANAPHASE: Find and observe an anaphase cell. Sketch or paste it on the right: Describe what is happening to each chromosome during anaphase: Sister chromatics split as, the Mitotic spindle is being pulled away in opposite directions away from the center of the cell. Towards which areas of the cell are the chromosomes being directed? At opposite ends of the cell. What structure is responsible for the movement of chromosomes during this phase? Is this structure visible on your slide? The mitotic spindle is responsible for the movement of chromosomes. It is only partially visible. TELOPHASE + Cytokinesis: Find and observe a telophase. Sketch or paste it on the right: What cell parts begin to reappear during this phase? The nuclear membrane, as well as the cell plate start to reappear. How many cells have now formed from an original cell? Two cells have formed. How does the number of chromosomes found in each daughter cell compare to the number of chromosomes in the parent cell? The daughter will have 46 chromosomes, the same as the parent cell. Part 2: Determining the longest stage of cell cycle 2 Table 1 Steps of Mitosis Numbers of cells Prophase 3 Metaphase 2 Anaphase 5 Telophase 3 Interphase 35 Total cells 48
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