BIO 211 Blood Typing Questions

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York Technical College *

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211

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Biology

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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BIO 211 – BLOOD LAB LAB QUESTIONS PART A: BLOOD TYPING 1. Fill out Table 1.1: Table 1:1 – ABO-Rh Blood Typing Chart – 8 points (0.5 point for each block) Blood Type List all antigens present in these blood types List all antibodies present in these blood types A+ A antigen, anti-B, Rh antigen Anti B A- A antigen, anti-B antigen, anti-Rh Anti B B+ Anti-A, B antigen, Rh antigen Anti A B- Anti-A, B antigen, anti-Rh antigen Anti A AB+ A antigen, B antigen, Rh antigen No antibodies AB- A antigen, B antigen, Anti-Rh antigen No antibodies O+ Anti-A, anti-B, Rh antigen Both A and B antibodies O- Anti-A antigen, Anti-B, Anti-Rh Both A and B antibodies 1. What is a blood antigen? Where are they found? (5 points) Substances that the body doesn’t recognize as its own, triggering a defensive response. Found on the surface of red blood cells. 2. What is an antibody? Where are they found in the blood? (5 points) A protein component of the immune system that circulates in the blood, recognizes foreign substances like bacteria and viruses and neutralizes them. Produced by WBC, found in plasma. 3. Explain what happens when an antigen and an antibody that MATCH (such as antigen A and Anti-A antibody) are placed together (what is the name of this type of reaction and what physically is happening in the sample?). (10 points) The two proteins would begin to attach and clump together, leading to death. This is agglutination.
4. Which specific blood type is considered the universal donor, and why? ( 5 points) O-, because it can donate blood to every other type of blood, but can’t receive. 5. Which specific blood type is considered the universal recipient, and why? ( 5 points) AB+, it can receive blood from every other blood type. 4 . List the 3 kinds of formed elements (use their proper names)? ( 6 points) Erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), and thrombocytes (Platelets) 5. What is the function of each type of formed element? (Include the major function of each type of leukocyte). ( 6 points) RBC- carry oxygen to the body. WBC- part of the bodies immune system, fight against infections. Platelets- help with clotting, hemostasis. 6. Which formed element is the most numerous? ( 2 points) RBC Erythrocytes 7. What is a differential count? Explain its importance (list a number of reasons). ( 4 points) Measures the percentage of each type of WBC that you have in your blood. 8. Explain/detail the components of plasma. ( 5 points) Antibodies, clotting factors, and the proteins albumin and fibrinogen. PART B: THINKING CRITICALLY Critical Thinking Question: 1. The Jones family is in a serious car wreck. The mother, father and sister all need blood transfusions. The mother is type A-. The father is type B+. The sister is O-. a. List each blood type that each family member could receive in a transfusion. (4 points) mother could receive: O-, A- father could receive: O-, O+, B-, B+ sister could receive: O- only. b. Thoroughly explain your answer for each one. ( 7 points) Do not limit yourself to using only these three family members – chances are, they will not be donating to each other in this situation.
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