WK1Assgn2_Jones_L

1. Label the parts of this neuron: 2. Explain the function of each component in #1. 3. Mark the following statements as TRUE or FALSE: An action potential is something that only occurs at synapses. Afferent pathways send sensory information to the CNS for processing. When they are at rest, neurons are more positively charged inside than outside the cell. FALSE Action potentials originate at the axon terminal and move towards the dendrites. An action potential travels down the length of the neuron with the help of voltage-gated calcium channels. Neurons can only have one action potential and must be recycled by glia once they have depolarized. At axon terminals, calcium influx stimulates vesicle release. Ligand-gated ion channels open in response to a molecule binding to them. 4. For each FALSE statement in #3, explain why it is incorrect. Page 1 of 1 https://menlo.schoology.com/assets/bundles/js/pdftron-webviewer/a.&preloadWorker-1&pdfnet3D0&pageHistory=1&useDownloader=0&subzero=1

A. Sequencing: Put the following steps in order. 1 being the first and 10 last steps. Stimulation of a Neuron Са+ causes vesicles to release Na+ diffuses into cell neurotransmitter. Impulse reaches terminal, causing Ca+ to K+ diffuses out of the cell be released. Stimulus activates neuron at the dendrite Action potential is created. sensory receptors. Neurotransmitter binds to receptors of Stimulus changes permeability of next neuron. neuron. Events and impulse continue to spread Na+/K+ pump restores resting position of across the membrane. ions.

b) Draw a simple summary diagram displaying the different levels of organisation of the nervous system. Include bullet points under each level to describe the function of that part. The bullet points should specifically include details of the role of that part of nervous system in homeostasis. no pics Question 2 (AC 2.1)

b. Label the figure indicating the steps involved in neural transmission (use the key terms provided in the box below the figure) 1 Synthesizing enzymes Neurotransmitter precursors Vesicle Neurotransmitter molecules that leak from their vesicles are destroyed by enzymes. Degrading enzymes 4 E Released neurotransmitter molecules bind with autore- ceptors and inhibit subsequent neurotransmitter release. 6. Autoreceptor Postsynaptic receptor A. Neurotransmitter molecules are stored in vesicles B. Released neurotransmitter molecules are deactivated by reuptake C. Action potentials cause vesicles to fuse with the presynaptic membrane and release their neurotransmitter molecules into the synaptic cleft D. Neurotransmitter molecules are synthesized from precursors under the influence of enzymes E. Released neurotransmitter molecules bind to postsynaptic receptors

For each FALSE statement, explain why it is incorrect.

Give the major function of each branch of the human nervous system Central Nervous System (CNS): Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Give real life examples.

imar. 1. Explain the anatomical concepts associated with the nervous system. Summarize this module's key points in 5-6 sentences. 2. Explain the physiological concepts associated with the nervous system. Summarize this module's key points in 5-6 sentences. 3. How will you apply the concepts you have learned about the nervous system in real life and in your future career? 4. Which topic within this module has heen tho

9) Describe the various division of human Nervous system. Draw and describe the various parts of a Neuron and a synaptic transmission.

I. II. III. >>> IV. V. VI. VII. Describe the anatomical and functional divisions of the nervous system, including the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Given a description of the signal, identify which division of the nervous system is involved. Locate the following structures on a model of the brain (or sheep brain) and describe the function of each. a. Corpus callosum b. Cerebrum i. Frontal lobe ii. Temporal lobe iii. Occipital lobe iv. Parietal lobe c. Cerebellum d. Pons e. Medulla oblongata f. Thalamus g. Hypothalamus Describe the ways that the cerebrospinal fluid protect the CNS. Describe the blood-brain-barrier Describe the sensory homunculus and describe how it relates to the results of the experiment we did to test how close we could get to the spot made by a classmate. (Lab 9, Section B) Define sensory receptor VIII. Define sensation and perception IX. Define sensory transduction and put the steps of sensory transduction in the proper order

1. Choose (place an X) whether the characteristic applies to the Nervous System or Endocrine System (or both) Characteristic Action is generally brief (lasting milliseconds). Action generally lasts longer (seconds to days). Mediator molecules delivered to target by bloodstream. Action potentials trigger release of mediator molecules at synapse with target. Target cells require specific protein receptor for mediator molecule. Stimulates skeletal muscle contractions. Influence is much broader; will regulate virtually all types of body cells. Controls growth & development and regulates reproductive systems. Maintains internal environments (homeostasis) Nervous Endocrine Mediator molecules include acetylcholine, glutamate, norepinephrine, serotonin Mediator molecules include aldosterone, melatonin, insulin, calcitonin

Discuss a situation where the nervous system is functionally influencing the work system. (Give 5 situation and explain it)

B. Match the parts of a neuron with the correct function. nodes of Ranvier axon terminals axon hillock ахоn dendrites synapse myelin synaptic cleft soma 1. Contains the nucleus and is the metabolic center of cell 2. Slender fibers that conduct impulses toward the soma 3. Junction of two neurons 4. Space between the axon terminal of one neuron & the dendrites of another neuron 5. Long fiber that extends from soma and conducts impulses away from soma 6. End branches that contain neurotransmitter storage vesicles 7. Gaps found between the myelin sheaths 8. Fatty material that protects fibers and speeds up impulse transmission 9. Part of the soma that connects to the axon

Direction: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is wrong. _1. The nervous system maintains homeostasis by controlling the other parts of the body. _2. The sensory nerves interpret information about the internal and external environment, reporting it to the central nervous system for processing in deciding on an appropriate course of action. 3. The autonomic nerves use its sympathetic division to activate a physiologic response for stress and the parasympathetic division to relax when stress is over. 4. Motor Neurons control external organs. 5. Of all the body systems, the nervous system is the major control system of homeostasis

A. NEURONS Illustrate a neuron, highlighting its three regions: receptor, conductive and effector. Synapse is known to be a  junction that mediates information transfer from one neuron to the other neuron. Enumerate the classification of Synapses based on their location on the postsynaptic neuron

Name: The Neuron 1. Processes that carry the action potential (impulse) away from the cell body are called 2. The short, numerous, receptive processes of a neuron are called 3. Gaps in the myelin sheath are called the 4. The CNS consists of the and 5. The PNS consists of the nerves and nerves. 6. Neurons that carry an impulse from a sensory receptor to the CNS are called neurons. 7. Neurons that carry an impulse from the CNS to a muscle or gland are called neurons. 8. Regions of the brain and spinal cord that contain myelinated fibers are referred to as matter. Areas with unmyelinated cell bodies are referred to as matter. 9. Label each of the indicated structures on the neuron below: This neuron is representative of the type of known as a neuron. (b) Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Ine., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Fill in the blanks: The primary function of nervous system is to receive information from the external and internal_________________________ and ___________________________ Dendrites, impulses Environments, responses Neurons, reflexes Stimuli, movements   What is the primary purpose of the peripheral nervous system? To process information received from the environment and coordinate responses To transmit information toward or away from the central nervous system

1: Describe the changes in the neuron membrane that occur throughout the course of an action potential. 2: Mention: Resting state, threshold, depolarization, repolarization, and hyperpolarization. 3: mention how the action potential is related to neuron communication.

You stand up from your chair. Describe the process involved from the initiation of the movement to the movement itself. Describe the involvement of the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, bones and muscles.

explain the function of the nervous system (easy and simple)

Describe how neurons communicate. To do this you must address: resting membrane potential; graded potentials; IPSPs; EPSPs; the role of sodium, potassium and calcium; generation of an action potential; inotropic vs metabutropic receptors; why is an AP only one direction; how are neurotransmitters released; continuous vs saltatory conduction; spatial vs temporal summation.

List and describe the two types of cells found in the nervous system.  Discuss, in detail, how neurons communicate with each other, including the role of neurotransmitters. Include a description of how different neurotransmitters mediate behaviors and cognitive processes. Watch this Sandrine Thuret’s “You can grow new brain cells.  Here’s how” and Sebastian Seung’s “I am my connectome” and summarize, in detail, the main points.  Discuss what each video tells us about the function of neurons in creating our thoughts and behaviors.  What do you personally think are the most important ideas from each video?  Why? Define the terms sensation and perception.  Watch the “Do we see reality as it is?” and “Your brain hallucinates your conscious reality” videos and describe the main points of each video in detail.  Discuss what the textbook says about how the brain constructs our perceptions of the world. With the information from the videos and textbook, how accurate or “real” do you think our…

Describe the organization of the nervous system. Distinguish between the functions of neurons and neuroglia. Describe the cell body of a neuron. Distinguish among the functions of sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Summarize the functions of each of the types of neuroglia (the exam will not ask about satellite cells) and describe how the myelin sheath is formed around a peripheral nervous system neuron. Explain why nerve impulse propagation is compromised in patients with multiple sclerosis. Distinguish between the composition of white matter and gray matter. Summarize neuron communication from the moment of receptor stimulation to the response of an effector, such as a muscle fiber, and define neurotransmitter, resting membrane potential, and current. Define electrochemical gradients and the term “polarized”, and describe the electrochemical basis of the resting membrane potential including the function of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining the resting membrane…

Compare and contrast the structure and function of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems, including sites of motor neuron synapses in the CNS, motor neuron differences, efferent pathways, control, function, neurotransmitters and their effects on target organs, target organs, and the effects of denervation.