Practice Final Exam F23

.pdf

School

University of Guelph *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

3210

Subject

Biology

Date

Dec 6, 2023

Type

pdf

Pages

3

Uploaded by ProfessorQuetzalMaster488

Report
Practice Final Exam 1. A protein’s secondary structure is determined by the hydrogen bonds that create stability. Which of the following is an appropriate example of the secondary structure? A. Beta-pleated sheets B. Functional multi-subunit complexes C. Amino acids held together by peptide bonds D. Lipid-soluble protein with hydrophobic amino acids towards the centre 2. Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) is one of the methods of assessing protein quality. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding PER? A. PER is very sensitive to amino acid balance, digestibility and toxic factors. B. The whole egg is considered optimal as the value of PER is 2.0. C. PER is calculated as total protein intake (g) divided by body weight gain (g). D. PER does not provide information about why a protein is poor quality. 3. During the starvation state, which of the following is NOT happening? A. Insulin secretion from the pancreas B. Higher abundance of NH4+ than urea C. Ketone production D. Active glucose-alanine cycle 4. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding transamination? A. The enzyme aminotransferase catalyzes transamination reactions. B. All amino acids undergo transamination reactions. C. Transamination reactions produce an amino acid, usually glutamate, and alpha-ketoacid. D. None of the above 5. High insulin levels inhibit the activity of acetyl CoA carboxylase, and in turn, would result in which of the following outcomes? A. Higher levels of malonyl CoA B. Activation of the enzyme carnitine palmitoyl-transferase CoA (CPT1) C. Activation of beta-oxidation D. All of the above 6. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the thyroid hormone T3? A. When T3 levels are low, the pituitary glad releases thyroid stimulating hormone. B. In tissues, T3 interacts with thyroid hormone receptor, which then binds to response elements in the promoter regions of DNA to activate gene expression. C. T3 is lipophilic. D. T3 is converted to T4 in various tissues, primarily in the liver. 7. Which of the following is correct regarding retinol bound to retinol binding protein (retinol-RBP)? A. Retinol-RBP brings retinol to a cell for its conversion to beta-carotene. B. Retinol-RBP cleaves the 2 fatty acids from retinol. C. Low levels of retinol-RBP stimulate hepatic retinyl esterase. D. All of the above
8. Which of the following statements is correct regarding osteoporosis? A. Osteoporosis is difficult to reverse due to bone erosion. B. Infants with vitamin D deficiency are susceptible to osteoporosis. C. Osteoporosis occurs when there is a loss of bone mineral without impacting the organic parts of bone. D. Chronic calcium toxicity increases the risk of developing osteoporosis. 9. Which of the following nutrients would enhance absorption of iron? A. Vitamin C B. Polyphenols C. Oxalic acid D. Insoluble fibres 10. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding folic acid? A. Folic acid is the oxidized form of the vitamin. B. Folic acid is found in fortified foods and nutritional supplements. C. Folic acid has a polyglutamate structure. D. Folic acid is 100% bioavailable. 11. Which of the following is an INCORRECT nutrient deficiency - disease pair? A. Vitamin D - rickets B. Iron - keshan disease C. Folate - neural tube defects D. Fluoride - tooth decay 12. Which of the following factors decreases calcium absorption? A. Pregnancy B. Lactation C. Vitamin D D. Caffeine 13. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the regeneration of glutathione? A. Reforming glutathione requires the enzyme glutathione oxidase. B. Only niacin is required to regenerate glutathione. C. FAD accepts 2 electrons from NADPH and becomes FADH2, which will pass those electrons to regenerate glutathione. D. Upon regeneration of glutathione, oxidative stress is elevated. 14. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the enzyme prolyl hydroxylase? A. The enzyme prolyl hydroxylase when active has iron in the oxidized state at its core. B. Vitamin C is needed to regenerate the active form of the enzyme prolyl hydroxylase. C. The enzyme prolyl hydroxylase mediates hydroxylation reactions involved in the synthesis of collagen. D. None of the above 15. Patient A has been taking antibiotics chronically and displays symptoms related to dysfunctional gamma-carboxylation. You conclude that Patient A has which of the following vitamin deficiencies?
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
  • Access to all documents
  • Unlimited textbook solutions
  • 24/7 expert homework help