A&PII_Exam1B_SP2022_KEY

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Dec 6, 2023

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A&PII Exam 1B SP2022 KEY Student: _____ON SCANTRON__________ 1) A cell releases a chemical signal that is detected by receptors on its own membrane. The chemical does not enter the bloodstream. This scenario describes: A. paracrine signaling B. endocrine signaling C. exocrine signaling D. autocrine signaling 2) Which of the following can be hormones? A. cations (Ca 2+ , K + , etc) B. triglycerides C. proteins D. all of the above 3) Steroid hormones A. are hydrophilic. B. combine with surface cell membrane receptors. C. act by causing the synthesis of messenger RNA molecules . D. all of these are correct. 4) Which of the following statements about peptide and protein hormones is TRUE? A. they cause transcription to occur in the cell nucleus B. they are formed from cholesterol C. they are able to directly cross cell membranes D. they trigger a signal transduction cascade that involves second messenger molecules 5) Which of the following is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland? A. thyroid stimulating hormone B. adrenocorticotropic hormone C. growth hormone D. all of the above 6) Which of the following hormones stimulates milk production in women? A. thyrotropin B. vasopressin C. luteinizing hormone D. prolactin
7) Which of the following hormones requires a releasing hormone from the hypothalamus for its secretion? A. oxytocin B. calcitonin C. glucagon D. thyroid-stimulating hormone 8) What is one of the major outcomes of antidiuretic hormone secretion? A. causes the kidneys to reduce the volume of water they excrete B. causes the kidneys to increase the volume of water they excrete C. stimulates the release of eggs from the ovaries D. stimulates the production of sperm cells 9) Insulin causes A. an increase in the concentration of blood glucose . B. an increase in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose . C. an increase in the production of glucose from glycogen. D. all of these are correct. 10) Thyroxine, from the thyroid gland, functions to: A. increase the rate at which carbohydrates are utilized B. enhance the rate at which urea is synthesized C. inhibit activities within the nervous system D. inhibit the rate at which calcium enters body fluids 11) An example of a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla is A. mineralocorticoid. B. glucocorticoid. C. aldosterone. D. none of these is correct. 12) The colloid found within the thyroid gland mostly contains A. cholecystokinin B. thyroglobulin C. cholesterol D. TSH 13) The secretion of epinephrine is controlled primarily by the A. anterior pituitary gland. B. posterior pituitary gland. C. hypothalamus. D. sympathetic nervous system .
14) Which of the following is true about Parathyroid Hormone? A. It is secreted in response to a releasing hormone B. It lowers blood calcium C. It increases reabsorption of calcium from kidney tubules D. All of the above 15) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) A. is produced by neurons in the posterior pituitary B. increases urination C. stimulates milk ‘let down’ in lactating women D. none of the above 16) Adrenaline A. is also called epinephrine B. is released as a neurotransmitter and as a hormone C. is produced in the medulla of the adrenal gland D. all of the above 17) The condition called leukocytosis is caused by a(n) ______________ blood concentration of _____________________ A. increased; erythrocytes. B. increased; white blood cells. C. decreased; white blood cells. D. decreased; erythrocytes. 18) Which of the following is TRUE for hemoglobin? A. it is contained in the nucleus of red blood cells B. it has iron at the center of each heme C. it breaks down into 2 globin chains and 2 hemes D. all of the above 19) Which of the following blood cell types is produced by myeloid stem cells? A. Natural killer (NK) cells B. eosinophils C. T lymphocytes D. all of the above 20) You have a patient in the ER with Type O blood who is bleeding badly after a car accident. It is important to get some blood into the patient very quickly, but you have no Type O. You can, however, give the patient the following types of blood: A. Type A B. Type B C. neither Type A nor Type B D. Both Type A and/or Type B
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