Exam 4 review questions
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Exam 4 review questions
Example exam questions:
1.
a.
If P- is an allele of permease that does not function, what would you predict
(none, low, or high) to be the β-galactosidase activity with and without
lactose? (4pts)
Genotype
-lactose
+lactose
I
+
O
+
β
+
P
-
I
+
O
+
β
+
P
-
/ I
+
O
+
β
+
P
+
b.
Explain your prediction below. (4pts)
limit 6 sentences
c.
Jacob and Monod confirmed that the protein that inhibits the lac operon, I, is
a protein by comparing the results of β-galactosidase activity of their haploid
and diploid cells in the presence and absence of lactose. Design an
experiment that would allow you to confirm that the inhibitor protein binds
to the promoter sequence for lacO in the absence of lactose and is unbound
in the presence of lactose. Explain your experimental set up and expected
results. (6pts)
2.
The following are the coding strands of the wild type and two mutants of a protein
that you are interested in. Use the genetic code to translate each sequence. For the
mutants, state what type of mutation has occurred.
Wildtype 5’-ATGGGCGAAAACGAAAGCGCGCGCGAAGGCCGCGAAGCGACCTGA-3’
Mutant A 5’ATGGGCGAAAACGAAAGGCGCGCGAAGGCCGCGAAGCGACCTGA-3’
Mutant B 5-ATGGGCGATAACGAAAGCGCGCGCGAAGGCCGCGAAGCGACCTGA-3
3.
What is the name of the enzyme responsible for transcribing the above proteins and
would it transcribe using the coding strand?
4.
Explain how the difference in cell morphology of eukaryotes and bacteria impact
how quickly they are able to respond to environmental changes. (4 points,3 sentence
max.)
5.
Researchers were interested in understanding how a bacteria involved in gingivitis
responds to exposure to hydrogen peroxide. They used a technique to determine the
fold change (gene expression after exposure to hydrogen peroxide divided by gene
expression without hydrogen peroxide) in expression of genes known to be involved
in oxidative stress response. The authors claim that
ocyR
is constitutively expressed.
What does this mean and how do their data (below) support this claim?
The questions below are not example exam questions but they cover a number of key
topics and I
HIGHLY
suggest you practice these questions to review for the exam. These
are opportunities to review key concepts you need to know for the exam. Be sure to
review the flipped Friday activities and the in-class lecture questions.
1.
What quality control mechanisms ensure that an mRNA is fully processed prior to its
export through the nuclear pore into the cytosol?
2.
Identify at least to cis-acting and trans-acting factors we have discussed in class so far.
(
You should be able to reason from data if a gene regulation element is cis or trans
acting and explain your reasoning. Review the lac operon activity module 27, reviewed
in module 28, for practice
)
3.
List the major functions of sigma factor during transcription initiation in prokaryotes.
Which factors fulfill analogous functions during the initiation of transcription for
eukaryotic mRNAs?
4.
Which of the following are part of a mature mRNA, but are NOT found in the DNA
sequence? (
See Module 33 Flipped Friday activity part 1 for practice
)
PolyA tail
Exon
Intron
5' cap
Promoter
Branch point adenosine
Which of the following are found in or encoded by the DNA sequence, but are NOT part of
the mature mRNA?
PolyA tail
Exon
Intron
5' cap
Promoter
Branch point adenosine
5.
A mutation occurs a gene that results in the deletion of 3 nucleotides within intron 1 that
comprise part of its 3’ splice site. This mutation results in “skipping” of exon 2 (that is,
exon 1 is spliced directly to exon 3). Speculate about why this mutation causes this
effect.
Hint:
First draw how splicing should NORMALLY occur. Use the drawing below to
help you get started. Label the cis-acting sequences required for splicing. Practice
talking about the different steps that occur.
6.
Which of the following DNA sequences is likely to terminate bacterial transcription
through the intrinsic mechanism? Assume that the gene of interest is transcribed from a
promoter located to the left of the sequence shown. Explain your reasoning.
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Related Questions
Review
A A"
Ap
m。而。一 |三。
V32
三三 v
x, AV Aa v . A v
三 =| 4中。
Picture Shapes
Convert to
SmartArt
Text
Arrange
Quick
Styles
7 Sh
Box
Click to add title
Describe with the aid of appropriate
diagrams what techniques could be used to
analyse:
(a) expression levels of the Epidermal
Growth Factor Receptor tyrosine kinase
(EGFR) MRNA;
(b) any mutations that mRNA is carrying.
dd notes
E Notes
Comments
MacBook Air
F5
F6
F10
&
*
8.
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Questions in Images.
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I need answer d,e
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Please help me immediately??? within an hour at any cost and please be precisr
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Please answer questions 1-3
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Need help on questions 3 and 4, please. Drop-down answer choices are images.
Canine Scott Syndrome (CSS) is caused by a mutation in the splicing consensus motif in the TMEM16F gene. This mutation causes abnormal bleeding in the affected dogs.
iii) What does the mutation do to the TMEM16F protein?
iv) What does the wild-type TMEM16F enzyme do that is required to stop bleeding?
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correct answer please urgent
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PLEASE ANSWER BRIEFLY. Thank you.
5. In hairy cell leukemias (HCL), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase is demonstrated. In your opinion, is this the most reliable test to diagnose HCL at present. Explain in not more than 3 sentences.
6. The use of monoclonal antibodies to detect cluster of differentiation (CD) in leukemic cells, mostly immature cells is common in the laboratory. Why do you think this is more valuable than morphological examination of cells in the blood/bone marrow cells.
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Please provide complete answer and necessary info thanks!
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Need help on three multiple questions.
1.) How is the outcome of different from the outcome of mosis?
A.) The daughter cells produced in mitosis are genetically different from the parent cells, but have the same number of chromosomes, while these are genetically similar in case of meiosis and have fewer chromosomes.
B.) The daughter cells produced in mitosis ate genetically similar to the parent cells and have the same chromosomes , while these are genetically different in merosis and have half the number of chromosomes.
C.) The daughter cells produced in both cases are genetically similar to the parent cells, but in there are fewer chromosomes .
D.) The daughter cells produced in both cases are genetically different but in mitosis , there are fewwer chromosomes in daughter cells
2.) Pine trees and moss show alternation of generations in their life cycle. During the life cycle of pine and moss
A.) the sporophyte stage is dominant
B.) the gametophyte is diploid
C.) meiosis…
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Activity 3: Short Essay
Directions: Choose two questions to answer. You may use a separate sheet to complete the task.
1. Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is a soluble vitamin in the human body. Justify your answer.
2. Why can termites eat wood barks and other thick and hard parts of plants? Explain your answer.
3. Is using steroids good in the human body? Why or why not?
4. What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
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urgent
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Please help me
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I need help with 5) a and b. Please explain b in detail as well as any other letters..
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12:23
ll LTE
cdn.fbsbx.com
Done
6 of 24
Summary
Post test 1: Multiple Choice
Direction: Read the questions comprehensively and write the letter of your choice in your
answer sheet.
1. It refers to any activities which involves movement of the muscles of our
body and requires exertion of energy.
a. Physical change
b. Physical Body
c. Physical Activities
d. Physical appearance
2. The following are examples of physical activities EXCEPT?
a. Eating and Drinking
b. Running
c. Pilates
d. Aerobics
3. These are Physical activities that were planned and more structured it also
gives us the opportunity to embrace healthy and active lifestyle by doing so.
a. Physical fitness
b. Exercise
c. Yoga
d. Physical education
4. These type of Physical Activities are also known as "cardio exercise" it
increases our heart and breathing rate. They cause us to sweat profusely and
breathe harder our heart pumps blood more vigorously, causing oxygen to
circulate throughout our body.?
a. Aeronautic activities
b.…
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Help with parts 1-6
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solv please q- 68 ans q - 69
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Answer all the questions
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Phenylketonuria (commonly known as PKU)
1.) What are the effects of the disease/disorder
2.) How does it affect the individual?
3.) What are the symptoms?
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Please answer true or false and give explanation. Thank you
4. The coenzyme of monoamine oxidases (MAO) is FAD.
5. Decarboxylation of amino acids is an irreversible process.
6. Does histamine have a vasoconstrictive effect?
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Nutrition:
Diet order: no added salt/low saturated fat; low cholesterol
History: Appetite good. He and his wife have been trying to change some things in his diet. Wife
indicates that she has been using "corn oil" instead of butter and has tried not to fry foods as often.
Typical dietary intake:
Breakfast:
Coffee with milk and sugar
Midmorning snack: Egg and cheese on English muffin from work cafeteria; 8 oz. orange juice,
2-3 c coffee with milk and sugar
Lunch:
Dinner:
Snack:
Leftovers from home; if eats in cafeteria: soup, salad, or sandwich.
Had tomato soup and grilled cheese yesterday.
Rice-1 c; black beans-1 c; roast pork with tomato and peppers-
approx. 6 oz; cornbread-2 squares, each 2" wide
Typically has chips or popcorn and 1-2 beers
Food allergies/intolerances/aversions: None
Previous nutrition therapy? No
Food purchase/preparation: Spouse
Vit/min intake: None
Code: FULL
Isolation: None
Allergies: NKA
Pt. Location: RM 704
Code: FULL
Physician: RJ Warren
Isolation: None
Admit…
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Present in clear scanned handwritten complete solutions or in typewritten thank you
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Review Sheet 18
229
Observing the Effects of Hyperinsulinism
9. Briefly explain what was happening within the fish's system when the fish was immersed in the insulin solution.
10. What is the mechanism of the recovery process you observed?.
11. What would you do to help a friend who had inadvertently taken an overdose of insulin?.
Why?-
12. What is a glucose tolerance test? (Use an appropriate reference, as necessary, to answer this question.)
13.
+Pituitary gland tumors can secrete excess amounts of growth hormone. Describe the signs and symptoms that
these tumors cause in an adult experiencing hypersecretion of the growth hormone.
14.
+Tumors of the adrenal medulla, called pheochromocytomas, cause hypersecretion of catecholamines. Describe
the expected signs and symptoms of this tumor.
Composition of Blood
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Need Help with b.
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Case Study #3
Setting: Zhejiang University School of Medicine in Hangzhou, China.
Subject: 32-year old Caucasian man who had recently received a liver transplant. The subject later presented with a biliary fistula and was later found to have multiple liver abscesses.
A biopsy of the abscesses was obtained following abdominal ultrasound and an abdominal computed tomography scan. The tissue was sent to the hospital lab for analysis. The results follow...
Key to Media Used in Case Studies (in picture left to right)
Phenol Red Glucose
Phenol Red Sucrose
Results holds for lactose too
Phenol Red Xylose
SIM
Read as Sulfur / Indole
Lysine Decarboxylase
Ornithine Decarboxylase
Methyl Red
Vogues-Proskauer
Urea
Simmon’s Citrate
Nutrient Gelatin
Results of Inoculated Media
A B C D E F G H I J K
Based on the results of the media shown above, determine the causative agent of the abscesses. Use the figures in this presentation or in your lab manual for identification.
arrow_forward
Case Study #3
Setting: Zhejiang University School of Medicine in Hangzhou, China.
Subject: 32-year old Caucasian man who had recently received a liver transplant. The subject later presented with a biliary fistula and was later found to have multiple liver abscesses.
A biopsy of the abscesses was obtained following abdominal ultrasound and an abdominal computed tomography scan. The tissue was sent to the hospital lab for analysis. The results follow...
Key to Media Used in Case Studies (in picture left to right)
Phenol Red Glucose
Phenol Red Sucrose
Results holds for lactose too
Phenol Red Xylose
SIM
Read as Sulfur / Indole
Lysine Decarboxylase
Ornithine Decarboxylase
Methyl Red
Vogues-Proskauer
Urea
Simmon’s Citrate
Nutrient Gelatin (it is negative in the picture and still a solid)
Results of Inoculated Media
Based on the results of the media shown above, determine the causative agent of the abscesses. Use the figures in this presentation or in your lab manual…
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ACTIVITY NO. 14: ASSAYS OF ANTITHROMBIN TEST
1. Illustrate the process behind Antithrombin activity assay. Write the interpretation of results.
2. Illustrate the process behind Antithrombin antigen level test. Write the interpretation of
results.
3. Explain the mechanism of the following etiologies of acquired antithrombin (AT) deficiency.
A. DIC
B. Nephrotic syndrome
C. Heparin therapy
D. Liver dysfunction
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Case study 9
Miss Owusuaa was diagnosed with acromegaly, excess production of growth hormones.
There are two ways to investigate it. Insulin growth factor -1 (IGF-1) test.
a. State the other and how is it done.
b. Classify the following
(I) patient - 1 glucose from 0-2 hrs level : 134mg/dl
(II) patient - 2 glucose from 0-2 hrs level :185mg/dl
(III) patient -2 glucose from 0-2 hrs Level : 201mg/dl
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STUDY QUESTIONS
The table below presents the criteria to be used in comparing mitosis and meiosis. Provide
the missing information.
1.
CRITERIA
a. chromosome number of daughter cells
b. number of cell divisions
C. stages
d. presence of synapsis
e.
f.
presence of crossing over
cell type that undergoes division
g. number of daughter cells formed
h.
i.
DNA content of cells at start of division
DNA content of daughter cells
j. genetic consequences
MITOSIS
MEIOSIS
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Pls. answer letter b which are the i, ii, iii and iv. Thanks!
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please help me with this. I need the answer to both of the questions. thank you
1. Why some people resort to phenocopy? Write the pros and cons of phenocopying in not more than 50 words
2. in not more than 30 words these lines. “ No two people are exactly alike. Even monozygotic twins differ from each other”.
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please answer all parts with good explanation and clear answer
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1. What factors influence the metabolic rate
of citrate in the mitochondria?
2. What is the fate of cytosolic pyruvate when
it is reduced by cytosolic NADH?
3. Could leptin be used to treat obesity?
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