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C.Elegans Report
Brian Fernandez
SEC: T2CB
Due Date: 10/11/23
Pre-Knowledge
This experiment seeks to demonstrate the Mendelian character of genetics through the
cross-reactivity of two sexes of C. elegans (HERMAPHODITES XX and XO). It is
intended to generate offspring with inheritance patterns similar to those observed in
Mendel's genetic study of peas, using worm husbandry. Punnett predicts can be applied
to the genotypes and phenotypes of both genotypes and progeny, allowing for the
analysis of Mendelian genotype and phenotype. The primary objective of the
experiment is to demonstrate cross-reaction between two sexes of the species C.
elegans and to yield offspring with Mendelian genetic inheritance patterns. Additionally,
the cross-reaction data should indicate whether the mutation is X-dependent or
autosomal (DPY-3). The hypothesis of the experiment is that this mutation is X
dependent, however, dosage compensations may mask the dominant or recessive
character of the gene.
Introduction
C. Elegans are unsegmented worms with elongated cylindrical bodies. They would
measure around one millimeter in length. They also have translucent bodies allowing for
simpler observation of their internal structure. In the lab, they are placed in agar plates,
roaming freely within their borders alongside their food. These organisms have a variety
of two sexes, being hermaphrodites and males. Like all other males, C. elegans worms
produce sperm to reproduce/procreate. However, the hermaphrodites have
both
sperm
and oocytes. The hermaphrodites have the option to either self-fertilize or have the
males fertilize. However, it’s been shown that male fertilization has better results in
comparison to self-fertilization.
The ratio between the X chromosome to the autosome
is the determining factor in the outcome of sex for the. Hermaphrodites have two X
chromosomes in them making the ratio of
X to A
one
.
Males on the other hand only
have up to
One X chromosome
. This leads to their
X to A
ratio being
0.5
. What this
would lead to is a population where there are fewer chances of males being born than
hermaphrodites.
The worms have been studied for their gene regulation. They have a
short lifecycle along with a fast maturation rate. This makes them the optimal species
for studying inheritance/ genetic patterns.
Methodologies and Techniques
To handle worms, group members had to be confident in their skills and most
importantly competent. Hand-eye coordination played a major key in this experiment.
First, the group members would see how to differentiate between the sexes of the
worms. This was possible through the observation of the tale. The male tales would be
a more dull and blunt-like tail. While the hermaphrodite would have a longer more
narrow and sharp tale connected to its back.
Along with this, the size was also a major
part contributing to whether it was an adult or not.
The first time transferring the worms included transferring of hermaphrodites that were
him-8 and dpy-3
homozygous and the males him-8 homozygous. 2 hermaphrodites
dpy-3 and him-8 homozygous were put in plain agar plate with food. They were left on
this plate for a week. After the week the worms would be seen through the dissecting
microscope and the new breed of worms would be classified under F1.
The second time crossing the worms involved the crossing of the F1 class with the adult
hermaphrodites. Again another week was given until the next screening of the worms.
Results
Gametes
Xdpy-3
X
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Related Questions
Subject: genetics
topic: chi-square
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Name:
Date:
Monohybrid practice problems
In pea plants, the traits below exhibit the following dominance patterns:
Recessive
Expression:
Wrinkled
Dominant
Expression:
Round
Purple
|Yellow
Inflated
Green
Trait:
1. Seed shape (R)
2. Flower color (P)
3.
White
Green
Constricted
Yellow
Terminal
Short
Color of seed coat (Y)
Form of ripe pods (I)
4.
5.
|Color of unripe pods (G)
6.
Position of flowers (A)
7. Length of stem (T)
Axial
Tall
Record the genotypes for pea plants with the following descriptions (The first one has been done for
you:
1.
а. дg
A plant with yellow pods
A planteozygous for ereen pods
С.
A plant homozvaoue ta vellow seeds
A plant with white flowers
A plant with areen seeds
2. Complete the Punnett Square showing the cross between a pea plant with pure round seeds and a
plant with wrinkled seeds. Summarize the phenotypes and genotypes for the offspring.
Parental cross
Genotypic Percentages:
Phenotypic Percentages:
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PLease help, double and triple check your answers, im using this to study, these questions are NOT graded they are PRACTICE problems. PLease help me with all parts of this question
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11:42
Cancel
Markup
Done
Name:
Date:
Monohybrid practice problems
In pea plants, the traits below exhibit the following dominance patterns:
Recessive
Expression:
Wrinkled
Dominant
Expression:
Round
Purple
|Yellow
Inflated
Green
Trait:
1. Seed shape (R)
2. Flower color (P)
3.
White
Green
|Constricted
Yellow
Terminal
Short
Color of seed coat (Y)
Form of ripe pods (I)
4.
5.
|Color of unripe pods (G)
6.
Position of flowers (A)
7. Length of stem (T)
Axial
Tall
Record the genetvnes f-Der-- = foltrawino deserintins (The first one has been done for
you):
а. дg
A plant with yellow poás-
EplancteOZygous for ereen pods
N 0)e Owers
С.
A plant homozvaoue ycilow seeds
A plant with white flowers
TA piamt wilh areen seeds.
Complete the Punnett Square showing the eress between a pea plant with pure round seeds and a
plant with wrinkled seeds. Summanze the phenotypes and genotypes for the offspring.
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Parental cross
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Sandra
Daniel
recessive
dominant
Tom
990
Alan
QUESTION 4
George
Sam
Tina
Christopher
Arlene
Wilma
Ann
O
Carla
R Update
Michael
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I
• QUESTIONS ••.
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II-3? Use the letter "f" to
1
2
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II
1
2
3
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L 1.3.4 Quiz: Predicting Genetic Outcomes
Question 1 of 10
Mendel used over 28,000 pea plants in his experiment. How does this large
sample size make his results more reliable?
O A. He was not sure which of the plants were female and which were
male.
B. Most of the plants were unable to reproduce, so he needed many
of them.
C. He used more plants so the experiment wouldn't take as long.
D. It made his actual results approach the results predicted by
probability.
SUBMIT
E PREVIOUS
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