Lab report 6-3

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New Mexico State University *

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BIOL-353

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Biology

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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3

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Lab Report 6 --- Urinary System 1. Label the following parts of the gross structure of the kidney in Figure 1: (3 points) E Major calyx D Minor calyx G Renal artery A Renal column C Renal capsule F Renal cortex B Renal medulla I Renal pelvis K Renal pyramid H Renal vein J Ureter K 2. Questions: (1 point/each) (1) What structure modification of certain tubule cells enhances their ability to reabsorb substances from the filtrate? Their possession of defense microvilli, especially the pet cell. (2) Explain why the glomerulus is such a high-pressure capillary bed. Not much fluid can be released due to the efferent drain is smaller, so more fluid is being pl aced inside the afferent entrance and there are more entry ways via afferent ports. (3) What is the filtrate? The movement of a fluid across a membrane whose pores restrict the passage of solute based on size from the glomerular capillary to capsular space after filtration. 1 Figure 1. The Gross Structure of Kidney
(4) Explain how does ADH control the reabsorption of water. ADH increases water reabsorption by the kidney by increasing the water permeability of the distal tubules and collecting ducts. (5) Explain how does aldosterone control the reabsorption of sodium ions. Aldosterone causes an increase in salt and water reabsorption into the blood stream from the kidney thereby increasing the blood volume, restoring salt levels and blood pressure. (6) What is the purpose of tubular reabsorption? To allow the body to reclaim any needed materials from the kidneys after glomerular filtration. (7) Which of the following substances would you not expect to find in the filtrate? a. Glucose b. Ions c. Erythrocytes d. amino acids 3. Label the following parts of the nephron structure of the kidney in Figure 2: (2 points) E Afferent arteriole A Efferent arteriole I Loop of Henle F Collecting duct G Glomerular capsule B PCT C DCT D Glomerulus H Peritubular capillary 2 Figure 2. The Nephron Structure
4. Using the terms provided to identify the following. (3 points) Terms : a. cortex b. medulla c. minor calyx d. renal capsule e. renal column f. renal pelvis g. PCT h. DCT i. glomerulus j. afferent arterioles k. peritubular capillaries l. collecting duct m. efferent arterioles D 1) smooth membrane, tightly adherent to the kidney surface. B 2) portion of the kidney containing mostly collecting ducts. A 3) portion of the kidney containing the bulk of the nephron structure F 4) basinlike area of the kidney, continuous with the ureter. C 5) a cup-shaped extension of the pelvis that encircles the apex of a pyramid. E 6) area of cortical tissue running between the medullary pyramids. I 7) site of filtrate formation. J 8) blood arteries that take the blood to the glomerulus. M 9) blood arteries that take the blood away from the glomerulus. G 10) primary site of tubular reabsorption H 11) secondarily important site of tubular reabsorption. L 12) structure that conveys the processed filtrate (urine) to minor calyx. K 13) blood supply that directly receives substances from the tubular cells. 3
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