NS 201 Vertebrate Phylogeny Lab 3
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Boston University *
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201
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Biology
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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Data Collection
Table 1:
Anatomical Observations: 10 Bones, 7 Organisms
**Selected Bones
Organism
Bones / Characters
Description of Bones
Possum
1.
# of Phalanges of
the hand
front vs
back
-
Front: 5
-
Back: 5
2.
The shape of the
lower jaw or
mandible
-
Rounded jaw
-
Long ish
3.
Presence of ridge in
shoulder form
-
Yes present
4.
Pegs or poly
-
Poly
5.
Is radius and ulna
fused or
disconnected
-
Connected
6.
Flat vs. rounded
cranium
-
Flat
7.
Presence of
Coracoid
-
Not present
8.
# of ribs
-
21
9.
# of cervical
vertebrates
-
5
10.
Shoulder Joint; ball
and socket vs.
sliding joint
-
Ball and Socket
Organism
Bones / Characters
Description of Bones
Platypus
11.
# of Phalanges of
the hand
front vs
back
-
5 front
-
6 back
12.
The shape of the
lower jaw or
mandible
Duck-billed
13.
Presence of ridge in
shoulder form
no
14.
Pegs or poly
n/a
15.
Is radius and ulna
fused or
disconnected
Connected
16.
Flat vs. rounded
cranium
flat
17.
Presence of
Coracoid
yes
18.
# of ribs
34
19.
# of cervical
vertebrates
7
20.
Shoulder Joint; ball
and socket vs.
sliding joint
Sliding
Organism
Bones / Characters
Description of Bones
Alligator
21.
# of Phalanges of
the hand
front vs
back
-
Front: 5
-
Back: 4
22.
The shape of the
lower jaw or
mandible
-
Round
23.
Presence of ridge in
shoulder form
-
Not present
24.
Pegs or poly
-
Pegs
25.
Are radius and ulna
fused or
disconnected
-
disconnected
26.
Flat vs. rounded
cranium
-
Flat
27.
Presence of
Coracoid
-
Present
28.
# of ribs
-
20
29.
# of cervical
vertebrates
-
7
30.
Shoulder Joint; ball
and socket vs.
sliding joint
-
sliding
Organism
Bones / Characters
Description of Bones
Snake
31.
# of Phalanges of
the hand
front vs
back
0
32.
The shape of the
lower jaw or
mandible
Flat
33.
Presence of ridge in
shoulder form
0
34.
Pegs or poly
pegs
35.
Are radius and ulna
fused or
disconnected
No radius or ulna
36.
Flat vs. rounded
cranium
flat
37.
Presence of
Coracoid
no
38.
# of ribs
200 on each side, 400
39.
# of cervical
vertebrates
6
40.
Shoulder Joint; ball
and socket vs.
sliding joint
No joints
9
Organism
Bones / Characters
Description of Bones
Bat
41.
# of Phalanges of
the hand
front vs
back
5 toes and 5 fingers
42.
The shape of the
lower jaw or
mandible
Same size as the top jaw and interlocking
43.
Presence of ridge
in shoulder form
Ridge present
44.
Pegs or poly
poly
45.
Are radius and
ulna fused or
disconnected
Fused
46.
Flat vs. rounded
cranium
Rounded cranium
47.
Presence of
Coracoid
Coracoid present
48.
# of ribs
16 ribs
49.
# of cervical
vertebrates
5 cervical vertebrae
50.
Shoulder Joint;
ball and socket vs.
sliding joint
Ball and socket
Organism
Bones / Characters
Description of Bones
Cat
51.
# of Phalanges of
the hand
front vs
back
Four on the front and back
52.
The shape of the
lower jaw or
mandible
Lower jaw same size as the top jaw with the
bottom jaw having a piece of flat bone going
upward into the head
53.
Presence of ridge
in shoulder form
Shoulder ridge present
54.
Pegs or poly
poly
55.
Are radius and
ulna fused or
disconnected
disconnected
56.
Flat vs. rounded
cranium
Rounded cranium
57.
Presence of
Coracoid
Coracoid present
58.
# of ribs
24 ribs
59.
# of cervical
vertebrates
7 cervical vertebrae
60.
Shoulder Joint;
ball and socket vs.
sliding joint
Ball and socket
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