Lab #6 Lab Report

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University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley *

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1102

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Biology

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Dec 6, 2023

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docx

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Lab #6: How to Use a Microscope Date: 10/26/ 2023 OBJECTIVES  To learn to use a microscope  To find specimens using low and high power  To understand the osmosis and cell tonicity INTRODUCTION In lab 6: How to use a Microscope my group and I will be using a microscope on an onion cell and observe it in different osmosis states. In this lab we will learn the different parts of the microscope and observe and put the onion cell in distilled water, NaCl, and no solution. MATERIALS  Microscope  Scissors  Microscopy slide  Cover slip  Onion  15% NaCl water  Distilled water  Transfer Pipette  Pencil with an eraser PROCEDURE art 1 Procedure: Letter “e” 1. Cut out the letter “e” from the word “Microscope” above and place it face up on the table. 2. Add a drop of water to the slide. 3. Place the cover slip on the top of the “e” and drop of water at 45-degree angle and lower. 4. Draw what is on the slide in FIGURE 1. 5. Place the slide on the stage and view in lower (4X). Center the “e” in your field of view. 6. Draw what is on the slide in FIGURE 2. 7. Move the slide to the left; what happens? Move the slide to the right; what happens? Up? Down? 8. View the specimen in high power (10x). Use the fine adjustment only to focus. Part 2. Onion Tonicity 1. Cut a very thin slice of onion tissue and place on a microscope slide, add a coverslip. 2. Look at slide under the microscope and make observations. Record those observations in your lab notebook. 3. Cut another thin slice of onion tissue and place on microscope slide, then add 2-3 drops of 15% NaCl solution to onion, then add coverslip. 4. Look at slide under microscope and record observations under the microscope. 5. Cut another thin slice of onion tissue and place on microscope slide, then add 2-3 drops of distilled water on onion tissue and add coverslip.

6. Make observations and draw out what you see under the microscope for each part of this activity. 7. Discard the coverslip in the broken glass container and wash microscope slide. POST-LAB QUESTIONS 1. How does the letter “e” as seen through the microscope differ from the way an “e” normally looks ? The “e” is upside down and backwards. 2. When you move the slide to the left, in what direction does the letter “e” appear to move? When you move it to the right? Up? Down ? the e would appear to move from right to left when it is actually moved from left to right. 3. How does the ink appear under the microscope compared to normal view ? The ink kind of looks broken. 4. Why does a specimen placed under the microscope have to be thin ? To be able to see through it. 5. Which solution provides a hypertonic environment for the onion cell ? NaCl is a hypertonic solution. 6. Which solution provides a hypotonic environment for the onion cell ? Distilled water is a hypotonic solution. 7. Which slide had an isotonic environment for the onion cell ? The slide with no solution was the one that had the cell in an isotonic environment. 8. How did the onion cell react when it was in the hypertonic solution? How did it react when it was in the hypotonic solution? Compare the two . In a hypertonic state the cell will shrink up, however in a hypotonic solution the cell will swell. No solution Distilled Water 15% NaCl Type of environment: Observations: Type of environment: Observations: Type of environment: Observations:

Discussion My team and I were able to examine the onion cell go through hypotonic and hypertonic states. We also learned how to see through a microscope and use its different parts and their names.

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