10+-+Micro+Lab+-+Endospore+Stain_Fillable
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Biology
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Apr 3, 2024
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Enodspore Stain LAB#10 Learning Objectives: Student should explain the rationale for the endospore stain Students should know the procedure for the endospore stain Students should perform an interpret an endospore stain reaction Students should draw/diagram selected specimens at 1000x. Students should identify spore shape and position of spore. Students should identify a bacterial sample that is endospore negative. Materials Required: Growing Culture Bacteria Inoculating Loop Bunsen Burner Hot plate Beaker with metal wire Microscope Slide dH
2
O Malachite Green Safranin Rectangular cut paper Test Tube Holder Microscopic Slide dH
2
O Slide Rack (optional) Blotting Paper Immersion Oil Microscope
Instructions for this assignment: Students will be provided one spore-forming bacteria The student will perform an endospore stain on the culture and examine the each newly smeared slide under the microscope. Endospore Stain Protocol A.
Prepare to smears using the same slide. (NOTE: if you are unfamiliar with the technique for smear preparation this protocol is provided in detail in the previous lab) **It is important during staining protocols to be certain no to permit the specimen on the slide to dry until the procedure is finished. B.
Heat fix the smear prior to staining C.
Place a beaker half filled with tap water on hot plate and wait for the beaker of water to develop into a rolling boil. Place the wire slide rack on top of the boiling beaker. D.
Add the rectangular cut paper towel on top of the smear. Then add Malachite green
to the area of the slide with the smear. Leave the malachite green on the smear over the boiling water for 5 minutes. Remove the slide from the rack and remove and discard paper. Malachite green
is the primary stain
. E.
Gently wash off malachite green with dH
2
O while carefully tilting the slide at a 45- degree angle. Wash slide until it runs clear. F.
Add Safranin
to the smear and leave for 1 minute. Safranin
is the secondary (counter) stain
G.
Gently wash the smear as before with dH
2
O until no more safranin is running from the slide. H.
Gently use blotting paper to blot the slide dry I.
Use proper microscope procedure to view the slides and draw the specimens at 1000X.
Lab Report: Lab 10 Endospore Stain Purpose: ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________. Sketch the stained bacteria here. Be certain to identify and label the endospores and the vegetative bacteria. Also identify position of the endospores (use fig. 10.1). Bacteria ____________________________ Endospore Position(s) _________________ ___________________________________ Shape and arrangement of bacteria ______ ____________________________________ The purpose of endospore stain is to identify the presence of endospores in a bacterial sample.
Sepi
Coccus shape cluster arrangement Central
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Related Questions
A student needed to transfer bacteria from a broth culture to an agar plate. Below is the step-by-step what was done to accomplish this. The transfer of bacteria was not successful because of which step? 1. Cap of the broth culture is removed 2. The mouth of the bottle is flamed 3. The loop was flamed 4. The loop was inserted into the culture to pick up the bacteria 5. The loop was flamed 6. The loop containing the bacteria was used to introduced to spread the agar plate 7. The plate was placed in an incubator at 30 Celcius
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Select all that apply to a direct simple stain:
1. the dye is acidic or negatively charged and stains the background
2. uses multiple dyes in the procedure
3. cells will never be distorted or shrunken
4. uses only 1 dye in the procedure
5. does involve a washing step
6. can be used to determine cell morphology, size, and arrangement.
7. does involve fixing
8. the dye is basic or positively charged and stains the bacteria
9. cells may be distorted or shrunken
10. does not involve a washing step
11. does not involve fixing
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Select all that apply to a negative stain:
uses only 1 dye in the procedure
O uses multiple dyes in the procedure
involves fixing
does not involve fixing
O involves a washing step
does not involve a washing step
uses a basic or positively charged dye which stains the
bacterial cells
uses an acidic or negatively charged dye which stains the
background
O can show cell morphology, size, and arrangement
Microsoft Bing
11:33 AM
87°F Sunny
9/14/2021
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Out of twelve tests that can be performed:
Gram Stain
Wet Mount
Endospore Staining
Acid Fast Staining
Differential & Selective Media (MacConkey, PEA, EMB, MSA Agar, Blood Agar, etc.)
Oxidative-Fermentative Test
Carbohydrate Fermentation
MR-VP Testing
Indole Production
Citrate Utilization
Triple Sugar Iron Testing
Catalase Test.
Which four tests are the best fit to help identify bacteria that is unknown? Possible bacterias that are being observed are:
Enterobacter aerogenes
Escherichia coli
Micrococcus luteus
Proteus vulgaris
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Salmonella typhimurium
Serratia marcescens
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
arrow_forward
Select all that apply to a negative stain:
1. involves a washing step
2. cells may be distorted or shrunken
3. uses an acidic or negatively charged dye which stains the background
4. uses multiple dyes in the procedure
5. uses only 1 dye in the procedure
6. involves fixing
7. does not involve fixing
8. cells will not be distorted or shrunken
9. does not involve a washing step
10. can show cell morphology, size, and arrangement
11. uses a basic or positively charged dye which stains the bacterial cells
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Which stain can be used to determine if bacteria are capsulated?
Question options:
flagella stain
negative stain
simple stain
capsule stain
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INSTRUCTION:
Answer the question properly
Do not copy in Google, plagiarize checker will be used.
QUESTION:
Discuss the various theories on the Gram stain.
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After performing a Gram stain on a Gram negative bacteria, the specimen does not show pink or purple bacteria. Which of the following could notexplain why this occurred?
Decolorizer was used after safranin
Safranin was not used
Crystal violet was not used
The specimen was not heat-fixed
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Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Question options:
stains increase the contrast of a specimen with its surroundings
all of these statements are TRUE
dyes generally consist of a chromophore and an ion
the chromophore of an acidic dye is positively-charged
simple staining procedures use a single dye
basic dyes bind to negatively-charged molecules
arrow_forward
Before viewing a specimen of pigmented bacteria on a slide under the light microscope, which of the following usually needs to happen (and why)?
Staining (to increase magnification).
Heat, radiation or antimicrobial chemical treatment (to kill the bacteria for safe observation).
Add immersion oil (to increase resolution).
Add a cover slip (to reduce contamination).
The viewing chamber needs to be flushed of air (to create a vacuum).
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Complete
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Table 1. Different Staining Techniques
Gram Stain Acid Fast
Endospore
Capsule
Flagella
1. Principle
2. Characteristic of
Bacteria
viewed
using this stain. (e.g.
bacterial type, strain,
or targeting particular
bacterial feature/s)
3. Stain/s Used
4. Type of Stain
5. Mechanism
of
Staining
stain used)
(of each
6. Flow of Method
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name 5 things about method staining.
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Choose the 4 most correct steps from the list below for a simple positive
stain and organize them into the most correct order. Briefly explain the
purpose of each step you chose.
• Heat fix
• Dip slide in acid alcohol
• Wash slide with ethanol
• Apply Congo Red to the slide
• Apply Crystal Violet to the slide
• Make a smear
• Wash slide with water
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Sample Station 7
A. If a student performs a Gram stain on a Gram negative bacterium and
stops the stain technique after the iodine step and rinse, what color would
you predict the cells to be if you looked at it right now under the
microscope?
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DESCRIBE THE BACTERIA OBSERVED. DO NOT DEFINE THE STAINING TECHNIQUES. PLEASE REFER TO THE PHOTO.
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Indicate color staining results of gram positive and negative bacteria for every hypothetical scenario.
Modification in Procedure
Staining results
1. Crystal violet was replaced with methylene blue.
Gram positive
Gram negative
2. Mordant was skipped
Gram positive
Gram negative
3. Decolorizing step was omitted
Gram positive
Gram negative
4. counterstain was not used?
Gram positive
Gram negative
5. Crystal violet and safranin was swapped in position.
Gram positive
Gram negative
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What is the purpose of fixing a smear?
Mark all that apply:
1. To attach the bacteria to the slide
2. To cause the cells to shrink and become distorted
3. To kill the bacteria so they aren't harmed by the staining method
4. To break down the cell wall in order to make the cells accept stain
5. To kill the bacteria to make the slide safer to handle
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MICROBIOLOGY: Microscopic Morphology of Microbes
Write your introduction (This includes principles, significance of the study, objectives of the experiment and how the objectives were achieved. This part must also be in the passive voice and past tense. Introduction must be short but packed with relevant content).
another:
What is the advantage of the Gram stain over the simple stain?
What is the theory about the mechanism of the Gram-stain reaction?
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Which of the following is/are true regarding the acid-fast stain? (There
may be more than one correct answer.)
Non-acid-fast microbes appear blue in a completed acid-fast stain.
O Acid-fast cells retain the primary dye after treatment with acid-alcohol.
O It is used to identify members of the genus Mycobacterium.
V Acid-fast cells appear bright pink/red in a completed acid-fast stain.
O If cells are acid-fast, they are gram-negative.
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Submit screenshots of the Gram stain (1000x total magnification) and Endospore stain (1000x total magnification).
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Out of the three gram-positive bacteria (Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis). Which of the following test(s) will help me identify the unknown gram-positive bacteria?
Gram Stain
Wet Mount (motility testing)
Endospore Staining
Acid Fast Staining
Differential & Selective Media (MacConkey, PEA, EMB, MSA Agar, Blood Agar, etc.)
Oxidative-Fermentative Test
Carbohydrate Fermentation
MR-VP Testing
Indole Production
Citrate Utilization
Triple Sugar Iron Testing
Catalase Test
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By the end of this section, you will be able to:
• Differentiate between simple and differential stains
• Describe the unique features of commonly used stains
Explain the procedures and name clinical applications for Gram, endospore, acid-fast, negative
capsule, and flagella staining
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How does smear preparation of cells from a liquid medium differ from preparation of cells from a solid medium?
Mark all that apply:
A smear made from liquid media will be thinner than a smear made from solid media
A smear made from solid media doesn't have to be fixed but a smear from liquid media does
A smear made from liquid media will be more thick than a smear made from solid
Water must be added to a smear made from solid media but not liquid media
A smear made from liquid media doesn't have to be fixed but a smear from solid media does
Water must be added to a smear from liquid media but not from solid
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Please provide the principle of gram staining method.
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The first step in identifying an unknown bacterium is to __________.
The first step in identifying an unknown bacterium is to __________.
culture your unknown on selective media
perform endospore staining on your culture
prepare a pure working stock
simple staining on your culture
acid-fast staining on your culture
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Worksheet Table 1. Special Staining Methods
Staining Technique
Stain
Cellular structure/
Bacteria
Example : Albert
Malachite
green and
Metachromatic granules
toluidine blue
Dorner
Dyar
Feulgen
Fontana-Tribondeau
Gray
Leifson
Levaditi's
Neisser
Nigrosin
Schaeffer-Fulton
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hello, can you draw the following on endospore staining in 1000x objective? thank you.
- 1 day old bacillus
- 5 day old bacillus
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Can you help me?
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Subculture and Colony Morphology Descriptions
Following identification of the Gram-negative isolate and Gram-positive isolate, you next subculture each onto fresh nutrient agar plates. Briefly describe the subculture process in three or so sentences and what this allowed you to achieve; follow this with colony morphology descriptions of each.
Description:
Isolate A – Describe:
Colony morphology:
Medium & incubation temperature:
Isolate B – Describe:
Colony morphology:
Medium & incubation temperature:
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Complete for Additional Differential Staining
B: Negative staining ~ thin
smear
C: Endospore Stain
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Explain the relationship between bacterial cell wall with gram-positive and gram-negative in the staining process. Please state chemical used and their function.
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For a laboratory exercise of basic techniques in microbiology: Gram stain and Microscopy.
What are the sources of error in performing Gram staining?
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- A student needed to transfer bacteria from a broth culture to an agar plate. Below is the step-by-step what was done to accomplish this. The transfer of bacteria was not successful because of which step? 1. Cap of the broth culture is removed 2. The mouth of the bottle is flamed 3. The loop was flamed 4. The loop was inserted into the culture to pick up the bacteria 5. The loop was flamed 6. The loop containing the bacteria was used to introduced to spread the agar plate 7. The plate was placed in an incubator at 30 Celciusarrow_forwardSelect all that apply to a direct simple stain: 1. the dye is acidic or negatively charged and stains the background 2. uses multiple dyes in the procedure 3. cells will never be distorted or shrunken 4. uses only 1 dye in the procedure 5. does involve a washing step 6. can be used to determine cell morphology, size, and arrangement. 7. does involve fixing 8. the dye is basic or positively charged and stains the bacteria 9. cells may be distorted or shrunken 10. does not involve a washing step 11. does not involve fixingarrow_forwardSelect all that apply to a negative stain: uses only 1 dye in the procedure O uses multiple dyes in the procedure involves fixing does not involve fixing O involves a washing step does not involve a washing step uses a basic or positively charged dye which stains the bacterial cells uses an acidic or negatively charged dye which stains the background O can show cell morphology, size, and arrangement Microsoft Bing 11:33 AM 87°F Sunny 9/14/2021arrow_forward
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- INSTRUCTION: Answer the question properly Do not copy in Google, plagiarize checker will be used. QUESTION: Discuss the various theories on the Gram stain.arrow_forwardAfter performing a Gram stain on a Gram negative bacteria, the specimen does not show pink or purple bacteria. Which of the following could notexplain why this occurred? Decolorizer was used after safranin Safranin was not used Crystal violet was not used The specimen was not heat-fixedarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is FALSE? Question options: stains increase the contrast of a specimen with its surroundings all of these statements are TRUE dyes generally consist of a chromophore and an ion the chromophore of an acidic dye is positively-charged simple staining procedures use a single dye basic dyes bind to negatively-charged moleculesarrow_forward
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