2122 Level M Biology Exam Related Materials T1Wk3

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Date 02-09-21 | Level M | 1 Biology Weekly Exam Material Week: 3 Exam Timetable: Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday HW Questions in bold are Grid Questions Questions in italic are Poorly Answered Questions in past exam(s). Questions with ** indicate anticipated low average questions. HW Material: 2122-BMH12 Chapter 1 Nutrition in Humans 1. Define the term nutrition. 3. G What is the amount of energy per one gram of each of the following nutrients? a) fats b) carbohydrates c) proteins 4. Give some examples of food types that contain starch and sugars. 5. Describe the main role of carbohydrates in the human body. 6. Explain why whole meal cereals contain more fiber than refined cereals. 7. Describe how fiber can help regulate bowel movement. 8. Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated fats. 9. State three important roles of fats in the human body. 10. Define the term essential amino acids. 11. What are two roles of proteins in the human body? 12. State some functions of calcium and iron in the human body. 13. State some major roles of vitamins C and D in the human body. 14. What are the major dietary sources of water for the human body?

Date 02-09-21 | Level M | 2 15. What are four major roles of water in the human body? 16. G Identify the major dietary sources of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, iron, calcium, vitamin C, and vitamin D. 17. G Identify the major roles of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, iron, calcium, vitamin C, vitamin D, and water in the human body. 18. Why should processed food be avoided? 19. What are some special dietary requirements of pregnant women? 20. a) Define the term unbalanced diet. b) Define the term malnutrition. 21. Name some health problems associated with obesity. 22. Describe how the high intake of saturated fats and cholesterol can increase the risk for a heart attack. 24. Explain the swelling observed in individuals suffering from kwashiorkor. 25. Compare and contrast the dietary deficiencies that cause marasmus and kwashiorkor. 26. Identify the vitamin or mineral deficiencies that can lead to rickets, scurvy, and anemia. 27. G Explain how the energy needs of humans are affected by several factors. 28. G Describe the effects of malnutrition in relation to obesity and coronary heart disease. 29. G What dietary deficiencies cause marasmus and kwashiorkor? 30. G What mineral deficiency can lead to anemia? 31. G What are the effects of calcium deficiency? 32. G What is scurvy? 33. G What is rickets?

Date 02-09-21 | Level M | 3 Level L Material: Chapter 1 Cell Structure and Organization Section 1.1: Animal and Plant Cells 1. What is the basic structural and functional unit of an organism? 2. a. Describe the role of the cell membrane. b. Which cells are surrounded by a cell membrane? 3. a. Describe the role of the cell wall. b. Which cells are surrounded by a cell wall? 4. a. Describe the role of the cytoplasm. b. Define organelle. c. Name organelles found in plant cells and animal cells. d. Name organelles found in plant cells but not animal cells. 5. a. Describe the structure of the nucleus. b. G Describe the role of the nucleus. c. Which types of cells contain a nucleus? d. Which types of cells do not contain a nucleus? 6. a. G Describe the role of mitochondria. b. Describe the structure of mitochondria. c. Which types of cells contain mitochondria? d. Which types of cells do not contain mitochondria? e. Identify the organelle found in abundance in cells that are metabolically active. f. Could the following cell be a prokaryote (bacteria)? If not, why?

Date 02-09-21 | Level M | 4 7. a. Name organelles found in animal cells but not plant cells. b. State the role of lysosomes. 8. a. G State the role of ribosomes. b. Which cell types contain ribosomes? c. Where are the ribosomes found within the cell? 9. a. What is the endoplasmic reticulum? b. Describe the two types of endoplasmic reticulum. c. How does the rough endoplasmic reticulum have the capacity to produce proteins? d. Which types of cells contain endoplasmic reticulum? e. Which types of cells do not contain endoplasmic reticulum? f. How are the proteins produced in the rough ER transported to the golgi body and different parts of the cell? g. Could the following cell be a prokaryote (bacteria)? If not, why? 10. State the role of vacuoles in plant cells.

Date 02-09-21 | Level M | 5 11. a. G State the function of chloroplasts. b. What type of cells contains chloroplasts? c. Could the following cell be a prokaryote (bacteria)? If not, why? d. Describe the structure of chloroplasts. 12. a. Plant cells and animal cells have many structures in common. Enumerate them. b. Enumerate the structures found in plant cells and not found in animal cells. c. Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) differ from the cells of the other kingdoms (animal, plant, fungi, protoctists) in that they lack a membrane bound nucleus. State the main differences between animal cells and prokaryotes. 13. G A palisade cell is a type of plant cell found in leaves. A liver cell is an animal cell. Identify the structures present in each type of cell by completing the table below. Structure Palisade cell (plant cell) Liver cell (animal cell) Nucleus Cell wall Cell membrane Mitochondria Cytoplasm Large central vacuole Ribosomes Golgi body Endoplasmic reticulum Glycogen granules Starch grains Chloroplasts Lysosomes

Date 02-09-21 | Level M | 6 14. a. Label the different parts of the cell below. b. State the role of the structure labelled F in the diagram above. 15. Draw a typical animal cell and label the main structures, including the organelles.

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