F22_DS8_Replication_KEY

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Jan 9, 2024

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Discussion 8 Bio 305 – Genetics DNA Replication -KEY 1) A replication bubble is illustrated below in which replication of the leading strand proceeds bi- directionally from the origin of replication, and lagging strands are synthesized back towards the origin from each fork. You will draw the leading strand and the lagging strands at each replication fork and identify all ends as 3’ or 5’: A) Draw primer segments as small boxes like this : B) Draw each leading strand as a solid line ending in an arrow showing the direction that will continue to have new nucleotides added. C) Draw each lagging strand with a dashed line ending in an arrow indicating the direction each new lagging strand is being synthesized. D) Assuming that the replication bubble proceeds to open until it hits both ends of the chromosome*: continue drawing leading and lagging strand segments out to the ends, and draw open boxes (rather than dashed) in the positions that indicate primers that will be removed and cannot be filled in until the next replication cycle. Indicate the region of telomerase extension of the overhang during this cycle with a zig-zag line. (*most eukaryotic chromosomes are very long, and require a large number of simultaneous replication bubbles which will meet) Q2-4. You are given the following double stranded DNA sequence. Assume the replication bubble is opened and unwound starting at the AT rich region in bold. (So assume for the purpose of this question that the center of the opened region at the Origin of Replication is that bolded sequence). 5’ lead 1 lag1 3’ GGACATTCTTTACTCGCACTTATTGC AATAATAT GTTAAGTGGTAGTCTCTAGCCGACGGGAC Lag 2 Lead 2 CCTGTAAGAAATGAGCGTGAATAACG TTATTATA CAATTCACCATCAGAGATCGGCTGCCCTG 3’ 5’ 2) Assuming, for the purposes of this question only, that RNA primase begins building the leading strand primers at the center of the bolded area, and makes non-overlapping primers which are 8 nucleotides long (so each one will include 4 nucleotides of the bolded sequence and “face” in opposite directions).
What is the sequence of your two primers? Write them each below in the 5’>3’ orientation, labeled Lead 1 and Lead 2, and circle the DNA sequence that each primer will bind to, labeling the circles lead 1 and lead 2 Lead 1: UAUUGCAA Lead 2: AUAUGUUA 3) Assume that the lagging strand primers are built after 30 nucleotides are exposed (so starting 30 nt before the leading strand primer). Write them each below in the 5’>3’ orientation, labeled Lag 1 and Lag 2, and circle the DNA sequence above that each primer will bind to, labeling the circles lag one and lag two, such that lag 1 and lead 1 anneal to the same template strand. Lag 1: CCGUCGGC Lag 2: GGACAUUC 4) Which of the following statements about prokaryotic replication is TRUE? A. Only two primers are required, because DNA is replicated continuously as leading strands in both directions B. DNA ligase is dispensable, because the leading and lagging strand meet C. There will be no loss of genetic material because multiple replication bubbles eventually meet D. Telomeres are dispensable because the chromosomes are circular E. Single stranded binding proteins are not required because bacterial DNA is single stranded 5) . The diagram below shows the process of telomere elongation. Various components of this process are labelled with numbers. Which answer properly identifies the labelled components? A. 1. RNA, 2. Protein, 3. 5’ end, 4. 3’ end, 5. Lagging strand template in the next round of replication. 6. Lagging strand produced in the previous round of replication. B. 1. DNA, 2. Protein, 3. 3’ end, 4. 5’ end, 5. Lagging strand template in the next round of replication. 6. Lagging strand produced in the previous round of replication. C. 1. RNA, 2. Protein, 3. 5’ end, 4. 3’ end, 5. Leading strand template in the next round of replication. 6. Leading strand produced in the previous round of replication. D. 1. RNA, 2. Protein, 3. 3’ end, 4. 5’ end, 5. Leading strand template in the next round of replication. 6. Leading strand produced in the previous round of replication. E. 1. RNA, 2. Protein, 3. Any DNA end, 4. Any DNA end, 5. Lagging strand template in the next round of replication. 6. Lagging strand produced in the previous round of replication.
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