Case 10-4 Research and Development
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Case 10-4
1
Case 10-4: Research and Development
Samuel Parsons
School of Business, Liberty University
Author Note
Samuel Parsons
I have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
Samuel Parsons
separsons@gmail.com
Case 10-4
2
According to the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 2, research is defined as a “critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service or a new process or technique or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process.” (FASB, 1974) With this understanding in mind, the point of research is to create an idea to start. Then, expand on that idea until it becomes a theory. Without research, many theories wouldn’t would be simple ideas that were thought of at one point. Now, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 2 states that development is “the translation of research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or use.” (FASB, 1974) There are many stages of development; but ultimately, the development phases are meant to put theory into practice. Many attempts must be made until success can be achieved and each failure adds to research to help improve the discussed theories.
When it comes to research and development for accounting and reporting practices, conceptual reasons must be used for R&D Costs. One of those reasons would to reduce the amount of details needed, but it still provide useful financial information to where nothing is excluded. Business entities would greatly favor less tedious reporting methods, especially when it comes to figuring out what money is available for expanding. “In today's world where competition is intense and continuous change is needed, enterprises can be distinguished from their competitors by institutionalization.” (Aydin and Zan, 2019) With this goal in mind, the FASB must be aware of the high-level of uncertainty
that comes from reporting only useful information in R&D costs. That is why FASB must be clear and define what is useful information. Otherwise, many business entities would seek a loophole and cheat the system.
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