Biopsychology Assignment 1- Halle Crampton

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James Madison University *

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Chemistry

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May 24, 2024

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Halle Crampton Biopsychology Assignment 1 All the answers can be derived from your textbook’s Introduc@on and chapters 1.1, 1.2, & 2.1 This assignment is worth 25 points and consists of mul@ple choice, short answer, and a short essay. Please write the page(s) number from which you found the answer for each ques:on. The following ques@ons are mul@ple choice. Feel free to mark your answer any way you like. All mul@ple choice ques@ons are worth 1 point. 1. This type of glia plays a role in the learning process by removing the weakest synapses. (p.22) a) Radial glia b) Microglia c) Astrocytes 2. The tripar&te synapse hypothesis suggests that: (p.22) a) The @p of an axon can release chemicals that cause neighboring astrocytes to release their own chemicals, thus magnifying or modifying the message to the neuron. b) Glia outnumber neurons and therefore are more important. c) There is no difference between glia and neuroglia. d) Astrocytes can dilate blood vessels to bring more blood into brain areas that have heightened brain ac@vity. 3. Scien>sts believe that the purpose of the iridescent feathers of the peacocks is to a@ract mates during courtship. This type of explana>on is called: (p.7) a) Evolu@onary explana@on b) Physiological explana@on c) Func@onal explana@on d) Ontogene@c explana@on 4. There has been a long-standing debate about whether animal research is ethical and to the extent to which it should be regulated. Some people believe that animals should never, under any circumstance be used for scien>fic research, even if the research is highly useful and completely painless. Which of the following terms best describes these people? (p.11) a) Minimalists b) Terrorists c) Aboli@onists

d) Hippies 5. Many people do not realize that research laboratories, at least in the United States, must follow a legal standard that emphasizes “The Three R’s”. Which of the following choices contain the correct terms? (p.11) a) Reduc@on, Replacement, Refinement b) Reluctance, Reduc@on, Replacement c) Reduc@on, Replacement, Redirec@on d) Reluctance, Replacement, Refinement 6) Who was San>ago Ramon y Cajal? (p.19) a) He found a way to stain nerve cells with silver salts. b) He was only famous for his accurate drawings of the nervous system. c) He demonstrated that communica@on between different neurons differs from communica@on along a single neuron. d) He demonstrated that nerve cells remain separate instead of merging into one another. 7. What is the outcome of the sodium - potassium pump? (p.29) a) 3 sodium ions get transferred into the cell for every 2 potassium ions that get transferred out. b) 3 sodium ions get transferred out of the cell for every 2 potassium ions that get transferred in. c) 2 sodium ions get transferred out of the cell for every 3 potassium that get transferred in. d) 2 sodium ions get transferred into the cell for every 3 potassium ions that get transferred out. 8. The all-or-none law refers to: (p.32) a) The strength of the response of an ac@on poten@al is independent of the intensity of the s@mulus that ini@ated it, provided it reaches the threshold. b) The strength of the response of an ac@on poten@al is dependent on the intensity of the s@mulus that ini@ated it. c) The strength of a s@mulus does not play a role in the ini@a@on of an ac@on poten@al. d) Stronger s@muli cause larger ac@on poten@als while weaker s@muli cause smaller ac@on poten@als. 9. which of the following choices best describes the reﬂex arc? (p.42) a) It is the delay between sensory neuron to muscle response

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