Exp 6 - Oil Degrading Properties of Marine Bacteria
.pdf
keyboard_arrow_up
School
Mohawk College *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
10003
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
Pages
3
Uploaded by CoachGrousePerson817
Page 1 of 3 Experiment 6 –
Oil Degrading Properties of Marine Bacteria PURPOSE
To examine the bioemulsification properties of Acinetobacter venetianus
RAG-1 on used and unused motor oil. INTRODUCTION
Oceanic oil spills have a predictable progression. Usually the oil spill is crude oil, which contains volatile substances that have low boiling points. These substances evaporate immediately, reducing the spill by 25%, but releasing toxic substances into the atmosphere. The remaining oil is very thick and sticky, and adheres to everything, including aquatic life. Some of the oil is degraded by naturally occurring marine bacteria. Some species have been genetically engineered to increase the amount of oil they will degrade. Acinetobacter venetianus
RAG-1 is a marine bacteria which can utilize the hydrocarbons in oil as a source of carbon. RAG-1 releases an emulsan which is a polysaccharide that will emulsify oil. PREPARATION VIDEOS Please watch all associated videos on Canvas prior to the start of your lab session. PRE-LAB QUIZ
The Pre-lab quiz for this experiment is available Canvas and must be completed before the start of your lab session to receive marks. Additionally Prepare data table 1 in your lab notebook as shown in the lab manual. REAGENTS
Cultures of RAG-1 (
Acinetobacter venetianus
) Used and fresh motor oil Carbon minimal salts culture media (also called carbon deficient media which contains the following): 2.2 g K
2
HPO
4
.3H
2
O 0.73g KH
2
PO
4
1 g (NH
4
)
2
SO
4 30 g NaCl dH
2
O to 1L 0.2 g MgSO
4
pH adjusted to 7.0 with NaOH, autoclaved and cooled to room temperature. (This is already prepared for you.)
Page 2 of 3 PROCEDURE
1. Turn on the spec 20 spectrophotometer and allow warm up for 20 minutes. 2. Number six 10 ml culture tubes with caps 1 to 6. 3. Add 3 ml carbon minimal salts media to each tube. 4. Label Tube 1 as “
blank
”
. 5. Prepare the remaining tubes 2 –
6 as follows: Tube 2 - add 60 μl of new motor oil
Tube 3 - add 60 μl of used motor oil
Tube 4 - inoculate the tube with one ml of an overnight growth of RAG-1 grown in LB broth. Use proper aseptic technique. Tube 5 - inoculate the tube with 1 ml of an overnight growth of RAG-1 grown in LB broth. Use proper aseptic technique. Add 60 μl of new motor oil
Tube 6 - inoculate the tube with one ml of an overnight growth of RAG-1 grown in LB broth. Use proper aseptic technique. Add 60 μl of used motor oil
6. Calibrate the spec 20 as follows: a. Set wavelength to 500 nm b. Place blank tube (Tube 1) in the cuvette holder c. Pres the blank button on the spec and wait. This will display a value of 0. 7. Take an initial reading of tubes 2 through 6. Record in the data Table 1. 8. Set up a shaking water bath for 30°C and 140 rpm. 9. Place tubes 2 –
6 in the shaker. Make sure to open the lids of the culture tubes every 24 hrs
to allow oxygen to enter the cultures!!
10. Take and record three absorbance
readings (every 24 hours if possible).
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Related Questions
DDT (molar mass % 354.49 g/mol) was a widely used insecticide that was banned from use in the United States in 1973. This ban was brought about due to the persistence of DDT in many different ecosystems, leading to high accumulations of the substance in many birds of prey. The insecticide was shown to cause a thinning of egg shells, pushing many birds toward extinction. If a 20-L drum of DDT was spilled into a pond, resulting in a DDT concentration of 8.75 X 10-5 M, how long would it take for the levels of DDT to reach a concentration of 1.41 X 10-7 M (a level that is generally assumed safe in mammals)? Assume the decomposition of DDT is a frst-order process with a half-life of 56.0 days.
arrow_forward
Review I Constants i Perlodic Table
As a food chemist for a major potato chip company, you are responsible for determining the salt content of new potato
chip products for the packaging label. The potato chips are seasoned with table salt, NaCl. You weigh out a handful
of the chips, boil them in water to extract the salt, and then filter the boiled chips to remove the soggy chip pieces. You
then analyze the chip filtrate for Cl- concentration using the Mohr method.First you prepare a solution of silver
nitrate, AGNO3, and titrate it against 0.500 g of KCl using the Mohr method. You find that it takes 64.5 mL of
AgNO3 titrant to reach the equivalence point of the reaction. You then use the same silver nitrate solution to analyze
the chip filtrate in a Mohr reaction, finding that the solution yields a rusty brown precipitate when 45.4 mL of titrant is
added.
Part A
If the sample of chips used to make the filtrate weighed 76.5 g , how much NaCl is present in one serving (105 g )
of chips?…
arrow_forward
Activity 4: TANGLED CATALYSTS PROCESS
Directions: The diagrams and statements below show how a catalyst speeds up this
reaction but they are in the wrong order. Cut them out, then match up the statements
to the diagrams so they describe what is happening. Then, stick them down in the
correct order. Use arrows to indicate the sequence and a separate sheet for your
output.
Molecules of reactant A form bonds
The product leaves the surface
of the catalyst.
with the active sites on the catalyst.
The bonds in between the atoms of
the molecule start to break.
Molecules of reactant A come close
to active sites on surface of the
catalyst.
Molecules of reactant B align itself
alongside reactant A.
33 AM
1/2021
e to se
Bonds between the atoms in
reactant B start to break as new
ones are formed between the atoms
of reactant A and B.
active sites
De
in
cks
arrow_forward
How was Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) used in organic synthesis reactions ?
TLC is used to find the exact concentration of a catalyst in the reaction.
TLC can speed up a reaction because silica gel is polar.
TLC can separate components of a reaction mixture such as starting materials
and products allowing the experimenter to identify what compounds are in the
reaction mixture.
TLC is used to find percentage yield of the reaction.
arrow_forward
Lab 6: Chemical Reactions
Post-Lab Questions
Station V: Heating Cu with Atmospheric O₂
Chemical equation:
Complete ionic equation:
Net ionic equation:
General reaction type:
Station VI: Reacting CuSO4 Solution with Steel Wool (Fe)
arrow_forward
ACTIVITY 1 APPEAR OR DISAPPEAR
arrow_forward
Which of the following chemical kinetic (reaction rates) factors in biological systems results in a more efficient system?
Group of answer choices
Decreased activation energy.
Large cell size.
Liquid state of cells.
Solid state of cells.
Lower body temperature.
arrow_forward
18) In one of your experiments, you used a Grignard reaction to make a carboxylic acid.
„Br 1) Mg
2) CO2
As part of this experiment, the following procedures were given:
1. When the Grignard reaction begins to slow down, place 10 g of crushed dry ice in a 150 mL
beaker. Do not take time to weigh the dry ice. Use approximately the amount in the beaker indicated
by your instructor. The CO2 is in large excess and will not affect your calculation of percent yield of
benzoic acid product. Cover the beaker with a watch glass.
2. When most of the magnesium has reacted and the ether boiling subsides, quickly pour the
contents of the tube into the beaker containing dry ice.
3. Add a few milliliters of ether to the test tube and swirl to rinse. Add the rinse liquid to the
beaker.
4. Cover the beaker with the watch glass and allow it to stand until the next lab period. During the
interim, the excess dry ice will have sublimed.
5. Hydrolyze the Grignard addition product by slowing adding 30 mL of…
arrow_forward
this is my homework practice assignment that is very important and I really need help please give the answer for the 2 questions which I have highlighted with the green color I need a step by step explanation please please please help me.
arrow_forward
Resarch project
( le chatelier's principle )
Be sure to explain the Chemistry involved in this reaction or process and how this reaction relates to Technology, Society and/or the Environment. Some examples include:
Haber-Bosch Process
Blood Buffering
Ocean Acidification
add lots of pictures and details
arrow_forward
Use the References to access important values if needed for this question.
Write the
Ksp expression for the sparingly soluble compound calcium phosphate,
Ca3 (PO4)2.
(If either the numerator or denominator is 1, please enter 1.)
Ksp
Submit Answer
Retry Entire Group
9 more group attempts remaining
Previous
Next
arrow_forward
Write the balanced reaction that corresponds to the data in graph.
arrow_forward
You are trying to determine the KM for an enzyme. Due to a lab mishap, you have only two usable data points: Use these data to calculate an approximate value for KM. Is this value likely to be an overestimate or an underestimate of the true value? Explain.
arrow_forward
Which theory model restricts itself to simple one-step reactions in which two particles collide and form products?
O the collision theory model
O the anticipation theory model
O the simple collision theory model
O the pressure variation theory model
1
arrow_forward
Retype each equation into the adjacent box. Use the XY button for superscripts and the Xy button for subscripts. Use the right and
left arrow keys on your keyboard to get out of either the superscript or the subscript mode.
2Na + Cl,
→ 2NACI
L(s) + 2e
→ 21-(aq)
arrow_forward
Name (please print):
Fall 2022
Basic Laboratory Operations
Post Lab Questions
1.) Suppose you're attempting to measure the density of a liquid that is highly volatile (it evaporates
quickly). If you first measure the mass and then several minutes later you measure the volume of the
liquid will the measured density be higher than the true value, lower than the true value, or the true
density of the liquid. [It helps to understand this problem with the density equation.]
2.) Suppose you're attempting to measure the density of a liquid that is highly volatile (it evaporates
quickly). If you first measure the volume and then several minutes later you measure the mass of the
liquid will the measured density be higher than the true value, lower than the true value, or the true
density of the liquid. [It helps to understand this problem with the density equation.]
3.) You're attempting to calculate the density of an alloy. The alloy is in the shape of a cylinder. If the
mass of the alloy is…
arrow_forward
Consider this reaction diagrams where R is reactants and P is products.
What would the reaction diagram look like if a catalyst was added?
arrow_forward
Run
Reactants
Temperature (Celsius)
Initial Rate (kPa/s)
1
10 ml 3% H2O2 = 5ml 0.5M KI
23.0
0.0798
2
5ml 3% H2O2 = 5ml 0.5 M KI
23.0
0.0391
3
5ml 3% H2O2 + 10ml 0.5 M KI
23.0
0.0794
Run
Initial Rate (mol/L*s)
[H2O2] after mixing
[I-] after mixing
1
3.24 x 10^-5
0.147 M
0.0417 M
2
1.59 x 10^-5
0.0733 M
0.417 M
3
3.23 x 10^-5
0.0733 M
0.0833 M
Calculate the rate law for the reaction
arrow_forward
please box answers
arrow_forward
Concentration (mol L-¹)
COCH₂(g) Cl₂(g) + CO(g) AH = + 108 kJ
0.14
0.12-
0.10-
0.08-
0.06
0.04
0.02-
0.00+
2 minutes
4 minutes
14 minutes
0 2 4 6
10 minutes
Cl₂
Match each stress that occurred at each time using the graph
CO
COCI₂
8 10 12 14 16 18
Time (min)
1. Temperature Increase
2. Pressure Increase
3. Temperature decrease
4. Remove Chlorine gas
5. Add carbon monoxide
6. Pressure decrease
7. At equilibrium
8. Remove carbon monoxide
arrow_forward
Answer both questions at bottom
arrow_forward
1. A daily low dosage of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) can lower the risk of
heart attack and stroke for individuals at risk. Aspirin suppresses the
generation of prostaglandins by irreversible binding to the enzyme COX-1.
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis lowers the production of
thromboxanes that are responsible for the aggregation of platelets and the
formation of blood clots. You will explore the mechanism of aspirin
binding.
1.1 The average pH of the human body is 7.4 (also known
as a physiological pH).
Draw the structure of aspirin at a physiological pH.
OH
1.2 Aspirin reacts with the amino acid Serine. What is the structure of serine? Draw the
structure of the tripeptide Ala-Ser-Trp (draw these structures as they exist at
physiological pH)
serine
Ala-Ser-Trp
1.3 Aspirin reacts with Serine 530 of COX-1 by transesterification reaction. Draw a
general mechanism of acid-catalyzed transesterification reaction. Use HA as an acid.
1.4 Draw an arrow-pushing mechanism for the…
arrow_forward
(NH4)2CO3(s) 22 NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(g)
[(NH4)½CO3]
[NH3]
[CO2]
[H2O]
[H2O]
[(NH4)2CO3]
K. =
[NH3]
[CO2]
Build the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction shown.
Step 1.
Drag the reactants and products to the numerator or denominator as appropriate. Click a species to remove it from the expression.
Step 2.
Drag the coefficients to the appropriate species. Click a coefficient to remove it from the expression.
Recheck
Next (5 of 8)
1?nd attemnt
arrow_forward
According to the Arrhenius equation, what does the slope of the line on this graph represent?
In(k) vs 1/T
-5
-50200315 0.002 0.00325 0.0033 0.00335 0.0034
-5.4 +
-5.6
y = -9253x + 24.504
25.8
-6
-6.2
-6.4
-6.6
-6.8
1/T
a) 24.504 Ea
b) -9253 = LnA
c) -9253 -Ea
d) -9253-Ea/R
=
arrow_forward
Which of the following is an example of a catalyst?
dNTP's used as building blocks for a new DNA strand synthesized in a PCR reaction.
Enzymes in your saliva that increase the rate of the breakdown of food molecules
A compound that is produced in the final step of a reaction mechanism, and appears as a product in the net reaction.
Phenolphthalein indicator used in acid/base titrations.
Carbon dioxide in a combustion reaction, such as the burning of biodiesel.
Next
arrow_forward
3. A sample of glucose reacts in anaerobic respiration. The right-hand box below shows a particle
diagram of the moles of substances present after the reaction is complete.
On a piece of paper draw the "Before" box as shown and draw a particle diagram of the reactant
molecules that produced the mixture shown on the right.
Key
Before
= C₂H5OH
= CO₂
= C6H12O6
After
You will need to draw a diagram to answer this question. On a piece of paper, draw the
"Before" box as shown, and then draw a particle diagram of the reactant molecules that
produced the mixture shown on the right.
Upload an image of your drawing by clicking "Upload files" or by dragging and dropping your file
into the box. Or, use your device's camera to take a photo of your work by clicking the camera
icon.
arrow_forward
www-awn.aleks.com
Significant Figures Counter
Chapter 5. The Nervous System-Neurolo...
https://learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xyth...
ALEKS Sabina Lamgadhey Learn
ALEKS Sabina Lamg
O CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Solving for a reactant using a chemical equation
Sabin
Green plants use light from the Sun to drive photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction in which water (H,O) and carbon dioxide (CO,) chemically
react to form the simple sugar glucose (CH206) and oxygen gas (0,).
What mass of simple sugar glucose is produced by the reaction of 8.45 g of water?
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
x10
Explanation
Check
2/2020 McGraw-Hill Education, All Rights Reserved.
Tems of Use
Privac
10
MacBook Air
F3
F4
F5
F6
II
arrow_forward
From the activity, answer guide number 5.
arrow_forward
Does the diagram show exothermic or endothermic reaction
arrow_forward
Acid Rain Formation
Acid
Rain
S02
NOX
arrow_forward
Resarch project( le chatelier's principle )
Be sure to explain the Chemistry involved in this reaction or process and how this reaction relates to Technology, Society and/or the Environment.
Some examples include:
Haber-Bosch Process
Blood Buffering
add lots of pictures and details
arrow_forward
PLACE THE GIVEN, UNKNOWN, AND FORMULA TO USE.COMPUTE USING 3 SIGNIFICANT FIGURES FOR EACH STEP AND FOR THE FINAL ANSWER.
arrow_forward
Compare the rates of change at the different
points of the pH scale.
a) Does adding two to a pH at one end of the
scale (going from a pH of 1 to 3) have the same
effect as adding two to a pH at the other end of
the scale (going from a pH of 10 to 12)?
Support your conclusions.
b) Does doubling the pH from 2 to 4 have the
same effect has doubling the pH from 5 to 10?
Support your conclusions?
Paragraph
B
I
U
V
A/
lılı
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
Chemistry
ISBN:9780618974122
Author:Andrei Straumanis
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Related Questions
- DDT (molar mass % 354.49 g/mol) was a widely used insecticide that was banned from use in the United States in 1973. This ban was brought about due to the persistence of DDT in many different ecosystems, leading to high accumulations of the substance in many birds of prey. The insecticide was shown to cause a thinning of egg shells, pushing many birds toward extinction. If a 20-L drum of DDT was spilled into a pond, resulting in a DDT concentration of 8.75 X 10-5 M, how long would it take for the levels of DDT to reach a concentration of 1.41 X 10-7 M (a level that is generally assumed safe in mammals)? Assume the decomposition of DDT is a frst-order process with a half-life of 56.0 days.arrow_forwardReview I Constants i Perlodic Table As a food chemist for a major potato chip company, you are responsible for determining the salt content of new potato chip products for the packaging label. The potato chips are seasoned with table salt, NaCl. You weigh out a handful of the chips, boil them in water to extract the salt, and then filter the boiled chips to remove the soggy chip pieces. You then analyze the chip filtrate for Cl- concentration using the Mohr method.First you prepare a solution of silver nitrate, AGNO3, and titrate it against 0.500 g of KCl using the Mohr method. You find that it takes 64.5 mL of AgNO3 titrant to reach the equivalence point of the reaction. You then use the same silver nitrate solution to analyze the chip filtrate in a Mohr reaction, finding that the solution yields a rusty brown precipitate when 45.4 mL of titrant is added. Part A If the sample of chips used to make the filtrate weighed 76.5 g , how much NaCl is present in one serving (105 g ) of chips?…arrow_forwardActivity 4: TANGLED CATALYSTS PROCESS Directions: The diagrams and statements below show how a catalyst speeds up this reaction but they are in the wrong order. Cut them out, then match up the statements to the diagrams so they describe what is happening. Then, stick them down in the correct order. Use arrows to indicate the sequence and a separate sheet for your output. Molecules of reactant A form bonds The product leaves the surface of the catalyst. with the active sites on the catalyst. The bonds in between the atoms of the molecule start to break. Molecules of reactant A come close to active sites on surface of the catalyst. Molecules of reactant B align itself alongside reactant A. 33 AM 1/2021 e to se Bonds between the atoms in reactant B start to break as new ones are formed between the atoms of reactant A and B. active sites De in cksarrow_forward
- How was Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) used in organic synthesis reactions ? TLC is used to find the exact concentration of a catalyst in the reaction. TLC can speed up a reaction because silica gel is polar. TLC can separate components of a reaction mixture such as starting materials and products allowing the experimenter to identify what compounds are in the reaction mixture. TLC is used to find percentage yield of the reaction.arrow_forwardLab 6: Chemical Reactions Post-Lab Questions Station V: Heating Cu with Atmospheric O₂ Chemical equation: Complete ionic equation: Net ionic equation: General reaction type: Station VI: Reacting CuSO4 Solution with Steel Wool (Fe)arrow_forwardACTIVITY 1 APPEAR OR DISAPPEARarrow_forward
- Which of the following chemical kinetic (reaction rates) factors in biological systems results in a more efficient system? Group of answer choices Decreased activation energy. Large cell size. Liquid state of cells. Solid state of cells. Lower body temperature.arrow_forward18) In one of your experiments, you used a Grignard reaction to make a carboxylic acid. „Br 1) Mg 2) CO2 As part of this experiment, the following procedures were given: 1. When the Grignard reaction begins to slow down, place 10 g of crushed dry ice in a 150 mL beaker. Do not take time to weigh the dry ice. Use approximately the amount in the beaker indicated by your instructor. The CO2 is in large excess and will not affect your calculation of percent yield of benzoic acid product. Cover the beaker with a watch glass. 2. When most of the magnesium has reacted and the ether boiling subsides, quickly pour the contents of the tube into the beaker containing dry ice. 3. Add a few milliliters of ether to the test tube and swirl to rinse. Add the rinse liquid to the beaker. 4. Cover the beaker with the watch glass and allow it to stand until the next lab period. During the interim, the excess dry ice will have sublimed. 5. Hydrolyze the Grignard addition product by slowing adding 30 mL of…arrow_forwardthis is my homework practice assignment that is very important and I really need help please give the answer for the 2 questions which I have highlighted with the green color I need a step by step explanation please please please help me.arrow_forward
- Resarch project ( le chatelier's principle ) Be sure to explain the Chemistry involved in this reaction or process and how this reaction relates to Technology, Society and/or the Environment. Some examples include: Haber-Bosch Process Blood Buffering Ocean Acidification add lots of pictures and detailsarrow_forwardUse the References to access important values if needed for this question. Write the Ksp expression for the sparingly soluble compound calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4)2. (If either the numerator or denominator is 1, please enter 1.) Ksp Submit Answer Retry Entire Group 9 more group attempts remaining Previous Nextarrow_forwardWrite the balanced reaction that corresponds to the data in graph.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub CoOrganic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry
ISBN:9780078746376
Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
Chemistry
ISBN:9780618974122
Author:Andrei Straumanis
Publisher:Cengage Learning