States of Matter, Inter and Intramolecular Forces 2 (2) (4)

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Intermolecular Forces, Intramolecular Forces, and States of Matter,
Intermolecular Forces versus Intramolecular Forces
? There are two main categories of attractive forces ◦ Intramolecular forces: are any forces that hold together atoms forming a compound ● These are the stronger of the two forces ● e.g. covalent bonds ◦ Intermolecular forces are any forces between molecules ● Although much weaker than intramolecular forces, intermolecular forces determine many physical properties of molecules ● e.g. hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole, and London dispersion forces What are the attractive forces involved?
Attractive Forces
? An extremely weak attractive forces between atoms or molecules caused by temporary induced dipoles London Dispersion Forces
? Temporary dipoles (charges across the bond) exist due to electrons shifting towards one part of the molecule (or atom) causing a slight charge difference. ? They occur in all molecules ? This the only intermolecular force that nonpolar molecules can engage in ? Two nonpolar molecules will engage in London dispersion interactions London Dispersion Forces
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