Density lab Marlena Slade

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School

Massachusetts Bay Community College *

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Course

101

Subject

Chemistry

Date

Dec 6, 2023

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pdf

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Uploaded by ConstableStrawScorpion146

Density Lab INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this experiment is to understand the meaning and significance of the density of a substance. Density is a basic physical property of a homogeneous substance; it is an intensive property, which means it depends only on the substance's composition and does not vary with size or amount. Density is the ratio of a substance's mass to its own volume. In this experiment you will determine the density of several solid objects. Density is the mass of a substance contained in a unit of volume. Lead is a very dense metal and contains a large quantity of matter in a small volume with a density of 11.4 g/cm 3 , while aluminum, being much less dense, contains a smaller quantity of matter in the same volume with a density of 2.7 g/cm 3 . You will need to pay close attention to the proper use of a graduated cylinder and a balance. Theory: 1. Volume by displacement if an object does not have a regular, easily measured shape; its volume can be determined by displacement. First, choose a partially filled graduated cylinder large enough to accommodate the object with enough liquid to completely submerge it. Carefully measure the volume in the cylinder. Submerge the object in the cylinder and measure the volume again. The difference between the two volumes is equal to the volume of the object. Volume of the following irregular object, with using proper number of SF is equal to 10.5 mL. 2. 1 ml = 1 cm 3 Procedure: 1. Watch the following video and record the data. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sIeWy26dov0

2. Place the smallest object on the balance and record its mass. Repeat the procedure for the bigger pieces and record them in the data table. 3. Measure 50.0 mL of water in a 100 ml graduated cylinder. Place the smallest sample carefully in the filled graduated cylinder, being careful not to lose any water. Record the level of the water after addition of sample, to the nearest 0.1 mL. Repeat the procedure for the bigger pieces and record them in the data table. Data Table: Mass (g) Initial Volume of water (mL) Final Volume of water (mL) Object 1 5.47 50 55 Object 2 8.93 50 57 Object 3 12.35 50 61 Object 4 15.75 50 63 Calculations: Show your work for credit. Use proper SF and unit in your calculations. 1. Volume of object 1: 5 mL 55 mL - 50 mL = 5 mL 2. Volume of object 2: 7 mL 57 mL - 50 mL = 7 mL 3. Volume of object 3: 11 mL 61 mL -50 mL = 11 mL 4. Volume of object 4: 13 mL 63 mL - 50 mL = 13 mL 5. Density of object 1: 1 g/mL 5.47 g / 5 mL = 1.09 g/mL => 1 g/mL 6. Density of object 2: 1 g/mL 8.93 g / 7 mL = 1.275 g/mL => 1 g/mL 7. Density of object 3: 1.1 g/mL 12.35 g / 11 mL = 1.122 g/mL => 1.1 g/mL

8. Density of object 4: 1.2 15.75 g / 13 mL = 1.2 g/mL 9. Average Density of the object: (1+1+1.1+1.2)/4=1.075 g/mL Post Lab Questions: Show your work for credit. Use proper # of SF & units. 1. Would the density of the object used in this lab be different if the object was in the shape of a cube? Explain. No, the density of the object wouldn't change with its shape due to density being a intensive property. 2. If you have something with a mass of 15.0 g and a volume of 5.0 mL, what is the object’s density? 15 g / 5 mL 3 g / mL 3. Does the above object in question 2, float in the tank of water? Explain. The object sinks due to its density being more than the density of water. 4. An irregular object with a mass of 92.545 g is placed in a graduated cylinder containing 54.0 mL of water. The new volume is 88.0 mL. What is the density of the object? 88 mL - 54 mL = 34 mL 92.545 g / 34 mL = 2.7g/mL 5. 510 grams of sugar occupies a volume of 0.315 liters. What is the density of the sugar in grams per milliliter? .315L = 315mL

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